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차량화재 안전설계를 위한 휘발유/에탄올 혼합연료의 연소생성물 배출 특성
김신우 ( Shin Woo Kim ),이의주 ( Eui Ju Lee ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2019 한국안전학회지 Vol.34 No.1
Combustion characteristics of gasoline/ethanol fuel were investigated both numerically and experimentally for vehicle fire safety. The numerical simulation was performed on the well-stirred reactor (WSR) to simulate the homogeneous gasoline engine and to clarify the effect of ethanol addition in the gasoline fuel. The simulating cases with three independent variables, i.e. ethanol mole fraction, equivalence ratio and residence time, were designed to predict and optimized systematically based on the response surface method (RSM). The results of stoichiometric gasoline surrogate show that the auto-ignition temperature increases but NOx yields decrease with increasing ethanol mole fraction. This implies that the bioethanol added gasoline is an eco-friendly fuel on engine running condition. However, unburned hydrocarbon is increased dramatically with increasing ethanol content, which results from the incomplete combustion and hence need to adjust combustion itself rather than an after-treatment system. For more tangible understanding of gasoline/ethanol fuel on pollutant emissions, experimental measurements of combustion products were performed in gasoline/ethanol pool fires in the cup burner. The results show that soot yield by gravimetric sampling was decreased dramatically as ethanol was added, but NOx emission was almost comparable regardless of ethanol mole fraction. For soot morphology by TEM sampling, the incipient soot such as a liquid like PAHs was observed clearly on the soot of higher ethanol containing gasoline, and the soot might be matured under the undiluted gasoline fuel.
강영구 ( Yeong Ku Kang ),최익창 ( Ik Chang Choi ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2015 한국안전학회지 Vol.30 No.5
Common utility tunnel is essential to the daily lives of people underground utilities (electricity, gas and supply facilities such as water, communication facilities, sewer facilities, etc.) to improve the appearance by co-acceptance and disaster prevention, important for the conservation of the city``s population was concentrated road construction the city-based facilities. There is recognition of the importance of the various supply treatment facilities in common utility tunnel as infrastructure to accommodate joint according to the city expanded, the demand for infrastructure. In this paper, a cost-benefit analysis using a one-time occurrence, without simply relying on cost or current cost, project manager for the city-dimensional feasibility study conducted, the user level of the maintenance costs and user costs, including social costs items from various angles can be investigated and proposed a mechanism of economic feasibility common utility tunnel. Evaluation of the proposed technique is cost-benefit and cost caused by installing common utility tunnel the existing pipeline area - was investigated by the benefit analysis, extended and repeated common utility tunnel installation depends much affected by the excavation, so users of reducing the number of repeat excavation convenience can be seen that this occurs.
차량크레인 전도 사고의 구조 안정성 평가에 관한 법공학적 연구
김종혁 ( Jong Hyuk Kim ),김의수 ( Eui Soo Kim ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2013 한국안전학회지 Vol.28 No.3
Forensic Engineering is the area covering the investigation of products, structures that fail to perform or do not function as intended, causing personal injury or damage to property. To investigate the mobile crane′s overturn accident in terms of the forensic engi-neering, in this study, we identified the accident mobile crane′s position and posture before accident by the analysis of the trace resulted by the contact between the outrigger and the ground, and the accident remodeling has been performed using CATIA modeling program in the basis of the accident mobile crane′s position and posture information. The accident analysis has been performed by comparing this accident remodeling and the crane′s specification, the table of the allowance load about the boom′s length and the working radius. Through these studies, the safety accident that may occur in mobile crane can be minimized by performing specialized and systematic investigation of the accident cause in terms of the forensic engineering.
내외국인 건설 근로자의직무 스트레스 평가를 통한 건설재해 관리 방안
정경환 ( Kyeong Hwan Jeong ),김광희 ( Gwang Hee Kim ),신윤석 ( Yoon Seok Shin ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2014 한국안전학회지 Vol.29 No.5
Each year, it seems inevitable that major accidents will occur on construction sites. Industrial accidents, sometimes involving foreign laborers, have been constantly increasing.
홍기남 ( Ki Nam Hong ),이봉노 ( Bong No Lee ),한상훈 ( Sang Hoon Han ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2011 한국안전학회지 Vol.26 No.2
This paper presents a new simple two-dimensional frame finite element able to accurately estimate the load-carrying capacity of reinforced concrete beams flexurally strengthened externally bonded fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) strips and plates. The proposed analysis model considers distributed plasticity with layer-discretization of the cross-sections and the bond-slip behavior of epoxy layer. The proposed model is used to predict the load-carrying capacity and the applied load-midspan deflection response of RC beams subjected to bending loading. Numerical simulations and experimental measurements are compared based on numerous tests available in the literature and published by different authors. The numerically simulated response agree remarkably well with the corresponding experimental results. Thus, the proposed model is suitable for efficient and accurate modeling and analysis of flexural strengthening of RC beams with externally bonded FRP sheets/plates and for practical use in design-oriented parametric studies.
감압대기 및 불활성가스 분위기에서 적합한 정전기 제거장치의 개발
이동훈 ( Dong Hoon Lee ),정필훈 ( Phil Hoon Jeong ),이수환 ( Su Hwan Lee ),김상효 ( Sang Hyo Kim ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2016 한국안전학회지 Vol.31 No.3
In LCD Display or semiconductor manufacturing processes, the anti-static technology of glass substrates and wafers becomes one of the most difficult issues which influence the yield of the semiconductor manufacturing. In order to overcome the problems of wafer surface contamination various issues such as ionization in decompressed vacuum and inactive gas(i.e. N2 gas, Ar gas, etc.) environment should be considered. Soft X ray radiation is adequate in air and O2 gas at atmospheric pressure while UV radiation is effective in N2 gas Ar gas and at reduced pressure. At this point of view, the “vacuum ultraviolet ray ionization” is one of the most suitable methods for static elimination. The vacuum ultraviolet can be categorized according to a short wavelength whose value is from 100 ㎚ to 200 ㎚. this is also called as an Extreme Ultraviolet. Most of these vacuum ultraviolet is absorbed in various substances including the air in the atmosphere. It is absorbed substances become to transit or expose the electrons, then the ionization is initially activated. In this study, static eliminator based on the vacuum ultraviolet ray under the above mentioned environment was tested and the results show how the ionization performance based on vacuum ultraviolet ray can be optimized. These vacuum ultraviolet ray performs better in extreme atmosphere than an ordinary atmospheric environment. Neutralization capability, therefore, shows its maximum value at 10-1~10-3 Torr pressure level, and than starts degrading as pressure is gradually reduced. Neutralization capability at this peak point is higher than that at reduced pressure about 104 times on the atmospheric pressure and by about 103 times on the inactive gas. The introductions of these technology make it possible to perfectly overcome problems caused by static electricity and to manufacture ULSI devices and LCD with high reliability.
인간/시스템안전분야 : 소방대원들의 근골격계질환 예방을 위한 작업 자세 분석
노효련 ( Hyo Lyun Roh ),손성민 ( Sung Min Son ),오현수 ( Hyun Soo Oh ),장성록 ( Swong Rok Chang ),김용재 ( Yong Jae Kim ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2011 한국안전학회지 Vol.26 No.6
The aim of study was to reduce risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders, and prevent it according to evaluation and analysis of its symptoms survey, and work postures which doing much frequently. This study was conducted by 64 firefighters. It was surveyed physical burden levels, distribution of musculoskeletal symptoms, and analized work postures by using ergonomics tools, such as Rapid Entire Body Assesment(REBA), Rapid Upper Lim Assessment(RULA), NIOSH Lifting Equation(NLE). Physical burden levels, and distribution of musculoskeletal symptoms were surveyed according to frequency analysis, and the analysis of above tools were presented figures and scores. The all the results of REBA were that risk level was "High", action level was "Need soon" and the results of RULA were "The results are required detailed survey and immediate improvement" at Require rescue person handling, fire hose, hybraulic rescue equipment, universal axe work postures. The occurrence possibility of musculoskeletal disorders of fire fighters is quite high due to instability postures, excessive physical work and so on. Thus, making various efforts to prevent disorders, and improving working environment is necessary continuously
박재석 ( Jae Suk Park ),오환섭 ( Whan Sup Oh ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2012 한국안전학회지 Vol.27 No.5
While there is no standards on slip risk for contaminants on surface, glycerol is described in standard contaminant for measuring coefficient of friction (COF) and slip resistance such as ISO 13287, But that is just used to measure the slip resistance of surface materials and shoes not to evaluate the contaminant materials, Therefore the objective of this study was to find out the relationship between standard contaminant and the contaminants used usually at the workplaces. For this, some measurement criteria were acquired from the analysis based on biomechanics and kinetics of human gait during slips. The slip resistance according to viscosity of the contaminants was measured applying the criteria and slip probability was determined by the gait analysis. Some factors which should be considered when measuring the slip resistance were identified. The velocity, acceleration, contact time and contact pressure should be 1 m/sec, 10 m/sec2, 350kPa and less than 0.5sec respectively. The variation of viscosity according to temperature for working oils was different from that of standard contaminant. The static coefficient of friction (SCOF) of working oils was almost 0.5 times as large as the SCOF of standard contaminant. So it was assumed to be difficult to compare the contaminants at the workplaces with the glycerol as a standard contaminant for estimating the slip risk.