충북대학교 동물의학연구소

충북대학교 동물의학연구소 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2015 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.16 No.1

Immunohistochemical study on cytokeratin expression on developing tongue in Korean native goats (Capra hircus)

조규현,김문기,Chong-Sup Kim,김곤섭,원청길 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2014 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.15 No.3

Cytokeratin (CK) comprises the intermediate filament cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. Patterns of CK expression can be regarded as a specific marker for epithelial differ- entiation status. The aim of this study was to identify CK expression on tongues of Korean native goats ranging from 60-day-old fetuses to newborns during prenatal develop- ment using immunohistochemistry. The tongues of fetuses were removed from 2- to 4-year-old female Korean native goats by caesarean section performed under general anes- thesia. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess CK expression patterns on developing goat tongues using serial paraffin-embedded sections. Light zones signifying CK immunoreactivity in dorsal lingual epithelia were weakly positive in 60-day-old fetuses. In 90-day-old fetuses, deep areas in dorsal lingual epithelia were strongly positive for CK expression and superficial areas were moderately posi- tive. In 120-day-old fetuses, light zones of lingual epithelia in the vallate papilla were strongly positive for CK expression, whereas ducts of von Ebner’s glands were moderately posi- tive. In neonates, taste buds were positive for CK expression, whereas non-taste epithelial cells and von Ebner’s glands were negative. These findings indicate that goat tongues have different patterns of CK expression during develop- ment and provide a morphological basis for studies on the biological mechanism of epithelial differentiation.

Effects of mineral-rich salt intake on the serum and blood pressure of Dahl salt-sensitive rats

김영섭,김행란,김진효,박근영,김소영 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2013 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.14 No.4

This study was conducted in order to determine the functionality of mineral-rich salt with lower NaCl and higher mineral contents on blood pressure and lipid metabolism in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. A 1% salt solution was administered to five-week-old male Dahl rats– one normal and three salt groups (Purified salt, sun-dried salt, and bamboo salt) for 15 weeks. On the basis of the salt production process, the sun-dried group was classified into two subgroups: SS1 (2-year) and SS2 (>5-year) depending on the storage period of the mineral-rich salt. The relationships between salt intake and changes in blood pressure, serum lipids, and serum mineral concentrations were then examined. The results showed that intake of SS2, which is stored for five years, and BS (bamboo salt) resulted in continuous delay of the increase in blood pressure and inhibited angiotensin–converting enzyme (ACE) activity. In addition, a significant decrease in the triglyceride level in serum lipids of approximately 30% was observed in the SS2 group compared to the PS (purified salt) group. However, all salt intake groups showed an increase in total cholesterol levels compared to the normal group. The results demonstrate that intake of mineral-rich salt is beneficial for the human body and results in reduced blood pressure and triglyceride levels in serum lipids, however, conduct of more research will be needed in order to explore other functions.

Effect of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea on the fatality, recovery of fertile period and breeding record in C57BL/6J mice

변용섭,남기환,김혜림,김형친,최경철 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2013 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.14 No.2

N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) is a potent mutagen in a mouse model by inducing point mutation in a random manner and, in particular, causing heritable base substitutions in spermatogonia. In this study, systematic development of phenotype-driven mutant mice with large scale was carried out by using ENU. Nine-week-old male mice of C57BL/6J received intraperitoneal injection at three times with 100 mg/kg of ENU at weekly intervals for three weeks. After injections with ENU, the changes of body weight, fatality, recovery of fertile period, and breeding record were measured in these mice. Body weight lost as a result of ENU treatments was reversed after the last ENU injection. Live fertile male mice recovered from infertility from 104 to 165 days after ENU treatments were mated with C57BL/6J female mice for generation of G1 offspring. An average birth rate was 5.9 mice from 1 pair of paternal and maternal mice. All of 231 G1 offspring mice were analyzed by modified-SHIRPA with standard procedure at nine weeks of age. Among G1 mice, 166 mice were identified as mutagenic phenotypes in 20 test items. The changes in mutagenic phenotypes after ENU treatments, for instance, pattern in the region with a different color, touch escape, changes in head morphology, pupil, and teeth, and negative geotaxis etc., were found in these mice. Taken together, these results indicate that ENU may be a trans-generational mutagen in C57BL/6J mice.

Growth Inhibition of Colon Cancer through Inactivation of STAT3 Pathway by IL-10 and IL-1ra Released from Murine Macrophage

원도희,권순미,조미란,남상윤,이범준,윤영원,오기완,한상배,홍진태 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2011 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.12 No.4

The objective of this study was to know the effect of macrophage on human colon cancer cell growth. The results showed that co-culture of colon cancer cells with macrophage inhibited the growth of colon cancer cells (HCT116 and SW620) depending on the number of macrophage, RAW 264.7 cells as well as activated THP-1 cells accompanied with down regulation of pSTAT3 in cancer cells. We also found that expression and release of cancer cell growth inhibitory cytokines; IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), and IL-10 were increased in macrophages. Blocking of STAT3 pathway with specific inhibitor and siRNA of STAT3 abolished cancer cell growth of colon cancer, and expression of IL-1ra and IL-10. Moreover, neutralization of IL-1ra and IL-10 with antibodies, reversed macrophages-induced cancer cell growth inhibition. These data showed that IL-1ra and IL-10 released from macrophage inhibits colon cancer cell growth through inhibition of STAT3 pathway.

Antibacterial effects of carvacrol against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7

Youyoung Cho,이후장 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2014 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.15 No.3

The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicro- bial effects of carvacrol (CV) against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) strains in milk. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of CV against S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 were deter- mined. In addition, bactericidal kinetics and antimicrobial activity of CV against the aforementioned pathogens in milk over a period of 2 weeks were investigated. CV exhibited an- tibacterial activity against both foodborne pathogens tested. The MIC and MBC of CV against S. aureus were 15.0 and 20 mg/mL, respectively, whereas those against E. coli O157:H7 were 16.0 and 32 mg/mL, respectively. In time-kill assays, CV at MBC reduced the number of S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 in milk to undetectable levels within 24 hr. The antibacterial effects of CV persisted for 14 days without any loss of activity. Results of this study suggest that CV has a potential antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens such as S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 in milk.

Expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule in early phase of hepatocarcinogenesis of mice treated with diethylnitrosamine

강진석 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.3

The expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was investigated in early phase of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Sixty ICR mice were divided into two groups and treated with saline (group 1) or DEN (group 2, 10 mg/kg of body weight, i.p. injection) at 14 days of age, and were sacrificed at 6 h and 1, 2, 3, 7, and 28 days after treatment of saline or DEN. At necropsy, half of the liver from saline- or DEN-treated mice was processed for histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of EpCAM and apoptosis. And the remaining liver tissue was snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen for RNA extraction and analysis of EpCAM mRNA expression. Immunohistochemical examination showed that EpCAM expression was detected only in a small number of hepatocytes from saline-treated mice and its expression was detected in bile duct cells and round cells around portal area, as well as hepatocytes in the livers of DEN-treated mice. And multiple apoptotic cells were found in the livers of mice treated with DEN. EpCAM mRNA expression was significantly higher in DEN-treated mice at 1, 7, and 28 days compared to saline-treated ones at 6 h (P<0.01). Taken together, EpCAM expression and apoptosis were increased in liver by DEN treatment.

Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on compound 48/80-induced pruritus in mice

김재완,강병택,강지훈,양만표 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2014 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.15 No.3

Pruritus is one of the most important symptoms of allergic inflammatory skin disease. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to have preventive effects against allergic inflammation. The objective of this study was to determine whether or not oral administration of CLA suppresses pru- ritus induced by compound 48/80 (composed of N-methyl- p-methoxy phenethylamine with formaldehyde) in mice, and if so, whether or not this effect is associated with serum histamine and prostaglandin (PG) E 2 levels. Liquid CLA mixture (36.25% 9c-11t CLA, 36.95% 10t-12c CLA, 1.12% 9c-11c, and 1.94% t9-t11 CLA) was emulsified in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) sodium salt and orally administered to mice at doses of 200 mg/kg once per day for 3 days. Similarly, disodium chromoglycate (DSCG), an antipruritic substance, was administered orally at the same concentrations as the negative control. Compound 48/80, a pruritus-inducing reagent, was subcutaneously injected 30 minutes after final administration of CLA. Scratching be- havior of mice was counted just after compound 48/80 injec- tion. Serum histamine and PGE 2 concentrations were evalu- ated individually. Mice administered with CLA showed reduced frequency of scratching behavior compared to those without CLA. Antipruritic activities in CLA-treated and DSCG-treated groups were 48.5% and 26.8%, respec- tively. CLA and DSCG also diminished serum concentra- tions of histamine and PGE 2 compared to compound 48/80 alone, respectively. This result suggests that dietary CLA has an antipruritic effect by down-regulating serum hista- mine and PGE 2 levels for relief of compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior in mice, which will be useful in allergic pruritus as a preventive medicine.

Scanning electron microscopic observation on the development of conical papillae in Korean native goats (Capra hircus)

Gyuhyen Cho,Mun-Ki Kim,김곤섭,Chong-Sup Kim,원청길 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.4

The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological development pattern of conical papilla (CP) on prenatal and postnatal periods in Korean native goats by scanning electron microscopy. Tongues were removed from fetuses on days 90, 120, and neonates and from juveniles on days 30, 50, 60, 75, 90, 120, 150 and 180 after birth. The lengths of CP were 194~240 μm in the neonates, 335~485 μm in the weaning period of 60-day-old goats, and 526~662 μm in the maturing period of 180-day-old goats. The primordia of CP in 90-day-old fetuses, shaped like mountain berry, were sprouted. The CP of 120-day-old fetuses was a cylinder shape with apex whose center was a little bit concave and the margin was sticking up like a low fence. The CP of neonates was empty inside and the secondary papillae were irregularly arranged fence-like structures on it. In 60-day-old goats, CP was an obliquely sectioned cylinder shape compacted in inner surface. 120-day-old goats had various shapes of CP, which surface was smooth. 150- and 180-day-old goats had a low elevation of CP. The microridges, microplicae and micropits were well developed on the epithelial surface of lingual papillae from 60- to 120-day-old goats. These findings indicate that CP of goat has a variety of sizes and shapes during development.

Scanning electron microscopic structure of lentiform papillae on tongues of developing Korean native goats (Capra hircus)

조규현,원청길,김문기,김곤섭,김정섭 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2013 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.14 No.3

The purpose of this study was to explore the morphological characteristics of developing lentiform papilla (LP)in Korean native goats by scanning electron microscopy (SAM). Tongues were removed from fetuses on days 90, 120,neonates, and juveniles on days 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180. In prenatal development, the primordia of LP in 90-day-old fetuses were round and spotted on the inner most part of the torus linguae of the tongue. Primordia of LP in 120-day-old fetuses also had a lens-like shape. In neonates, LP displayed similar features as the adult one. In postnatal juveniles on days 30 and 60, LP continually increased in size without much difference in structure compared to that of neonates. By postnatal day 90, detached pieces of keratinized superficial epithelia were observed. Microridges and microplicae were well developed on the epithelial surface of LP in 60-to 120-day-old goats. The lengths of LP were 476~514 μm in neonates, 687~962 μm in the weaning period of 60-dayold goats, and 1,068~1,567 μm in the maturing period of 180-day-old goats. These findings indicate that goat LP has different sizes and shapes from those of other species during development.