Apoptotic Cell-Mimetic Polymers for Anti-Inflammatory Therapy

Mitsuhiro Ebara 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2019 전남의대학술지 Vol.55 No.1

The field of biomaterials has seen a strong rejuvenation due to the new potential to modulate immune system in our body. This special class of materials is called “immunomodulatory biomaterials”. Generally, three fundamental strategies are followed in the design of immunomodulatory biomaterials: (1) immuno-inert biomaterials, (2) immuno-activating biomaterials, and (3) immuno-tolerant biomaterials. While many applications of immuno-inert biomaterials such as biocompatible medical implants have been already proposed in the past decades, the ability to engineer biological activity into synthetic materials greatly increases the number of their potential uses and improves their performance in more traditional applications. The major focus of researchers is now set on developing immuno-tolerant biomaterials for anti-inflammatory therapies. In this review, we therefore introduce recent developments of immuno-tolerant biomaterials. Especially we introduce an apoptotic cell membrane- inspired polymer and its post-inflammatory effects on immune cells in this article.

Predictive Efficacy of Interim Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for the Treatment of Aggressive Lymphoma

양덕환,정성훈,안재숙,김여경,민정준,범희승,이제중,김형준 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2015 전남의대학술지 Vol.51 No.3

The prognostic value of whole-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT) with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) shortly after the onset of inductionchemotherapy or mid treatment could help to predict long-term clinical outcomesin patients with Hodgkin’s or Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. However, FDG is nota tumor-specific substance, and it may accumulate to the point of being detected in avariety of benign conditions or at physiologic anatomical sites, which may give rise tofalse-positive interpretation. In an attempt to standardize the reporting criteria for interimPET/CT, the First International Workshop on Interim PET in Lymphoma suggestedvisual response criteria with the Deauville five-point scale, and the standardizeduptake value (SUV) has been investigated in comparison with this visual system. Aquantitative approach using the measurement of maximal SUV (SUVmax) or the reductionrate of SUVmax (ΔSUVmax) might be more appropriate in early-responsePET/CT for reducing false-positive rates or for decreasing interobserver variability ininterpretation. In this review, the predictive efficacy of PET/CT is discussed for thetreatment of aggressive lymphoma, especially in terms of an interim PET/CT-basedprognostic model.

Activation of the Renal PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in a DOCA-Salt Model of Hypertension

마성권,최준석,주수연,김하연,김창성,배은희,이종은,김수완 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2012 전남의대학술지 Vol.48 No.3

The present study investigated the changes that occurred in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in the kidney as a result of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension. Rats were implanted with DOCA strips (200mg/kg) 1 week after unilateral nephrectomy and were then supplied with 0.9% saline to drink. Four weeks after DOCA implantation, systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by use of the tail-cuff method. The expression levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, and mTOR, as well as the protein expression levels of ED-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2, were then examined in the kidney by semiquantitative immunoblotting. DOCA-salt hypertensive rats were found to have significantly increased SBP as well as an increased kidney weight-to-body weight ratio. Moreover, the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR was increased in the kidney of DOCA-salt hypertensive rats compared with the control, as was the protein expression of ED-1, COX-2, TGF-β1, and α-SMA. The expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax were increased significantly, whereas Bcl-2 expression was decreased. In conclusion,the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR was increased in the kidney of DOCA-salt hypertensive rats.

Two Different Successful Angioplasty Methods in Patients with Stenotic Coronary Artery Ectasia

Suk-Kyu Oh,Seung-Woon Rha,Hyungdon Kook,Dong Hyeok Kim,Seo Young Ho,Sun Hwa Kim,Cheol Ung Choi,오동주 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2012 전남의대학술지 Vol.48 No.3

There is no current guideline for percutaneous coronary angioplasty in stenotic ectatic coronary arteries because of the heterogeneity of the coronary artery morphology. We report two successful angioplasty cases in coronary artery ectasia with different clinical scenarios. One case showed atherosclerotic stenosis in the ectatic portion of the right coronary artery that was aggravated after a coronary artery bypass graft. In this case,balloon angioplasty alone without stenting showed acceptable results at the 6-month follow-up coronary angiography. In the other case, we used a peripheral artery balloon and stent for stenosis in the ectatic portion of a large coronary artery. Six-month follow-up coronary angiography showed excellent patency of the previously implanted peripheral stent.

Recent Trends in Nuclear Cardiology Practice

원경숙,송봉일 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2013 전남의대학술지 Vol.49 No.2

Over the past three decades, radionuclide myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS)has become established as the main functional cardiac imaging technique for ischemic heart disease. It is currently appropriate for all aspects of detecting and managing ischemic heart disease, including diagnosis, risk assessment and stratification, assessment of myocardial viability, and evaluation of left ventricular function. The purpose of this article was to review recent trends in nuclear cardiology practice, excluding positron emission tomography. The past few years have brought several rapid developments that have increased photon sensitivity in nuclear cardiology scanner hardware. Additionally, software applying new methods of single photon emission tomography (SPECT) reconstruction on conventional and dedicated systems has preserved or even improved SPECT image quality with lower count statistics. On the other hand, much interest has been shown in lowering the radiation dose by the stakeholders of MPS.

Particulate air pollutants and airway inflammation

Jang, An Soo,Park, Choon Sik,Choi, Seon 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2008 전남의대학술지 Vol.44 No.1

1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium에 의한 도파민성 신경세포 사멸에 대한 epigallocatechin-3-gallate의 보호작용 /

노해근,장수정,박성준,김송희,정한성,박종성 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2007 전남의대학술지 Vol.43 No.2

Effects of Fimasartan/Amlodipine Fixed-Dose Combination on Left Ventricular Systolic Function and Infarct Size in Rat Myocardial Infarction Model

김한별,홍영준,박혁진,안영근,정명호 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2019 전남의대학술지 Vol.55 No.3

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fimasartan/amlodipine fixed-dosed combination (F/A) on left ventricle (LV) systolic function and infarct size in the rat myocardial infarction (MI) model. We induced MI in 20 rats by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and they were divided into two groups [MI group (n=10) vs. MI+F/A 10 mg/kg group (n=10)]. F/A was administered for 28 days between day-7 and day-35 in the MI+F/A group and echocardiography was performed at day-7 and at day-35 after the induction of MI. Picrosirius red staining was performed to confirm the fibrotic tissue and infarct size was measured using image analysis program for Image J. At the 35-day follow-up, the LV ejection fraction (EF) was significantly higher (38.10±3.92% vs. 29.86±4.56%, p<0.001) and delta (day-35 minus day-7) EF was significantly higher (0.14±2.66% vs. −8.53±2.66%. p<0.001) in the MI+F/A group than the MI group. Systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the MI+F/A group than the MI group (103.23±13.35 mmHg vs. 123.43±14.82 mmHg, p<0.01). The MI+F/A group had a smaller infarct size (26.84±5.31% vs. 36.79±3.10%, p<0.01) than the MI group at the 35-day follow-up. Oral administration of F/A 10 mg/kg could improve LV systolic function and reduce infarct size in a rat MI model.

Association between Childhood Trauma and Suicidal Behavior in the General Population

박철,박인후,유태영,김하늬,유승형,이주연,김재민,김성완 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2021 전남의대학술지 Vol.57 No.2

This study aimed to investigate the associations between various types of childhood trauma and suicidal behavior in the general population in South Korea. This mental health survey included a total of 1,490 general citizens living in a metropolitan South Korean city who completed a questionnaire that assessed respondents’ histories of childhood trauma before the age of 12 years, including bullying victimization, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and physical abuse, as well as suicidal behavior, including current suicidal ideation and histories of suicide planning and attempts. The following psychiatric scales were administered: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (R-SES), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and visual analogue scale of EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D). Participants who experienced any childhood trauma had significantly higher HADS and PSS scores, and significantly lower EQ-5D scores. Additionally, participants with any type of childhood trauma were significantly more likely to have current suicidal ideation and histories of planned and attempted suicide. Multivariate analyses adjusted for confounding variables indicated that bullying victimization and sexual abuse were associated significantly with all types of suicidal behavior. Physical abuse was associated significantly with histories of suicide planning and attempts. The present findings showed that any type of childhood trauma was associated with higher levels of suicidality, anxiety, depression, and perceived stress, as well as lower health-related quality of life, in the general population. In particular, associations between childhood trauma and suicidality were identified after adjustment for confounding variables.

Spontaneous Total Resolution of Severe Lumbar Disc Herniation

Arun-Kumar Kaliya-Perumal,Jacob Yoong-Leong Oh 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2020 전남의대학술지 Vol.56 No.1