metalloproPhotoprotective Effects of Soybean Extract against UV-Induced Damage in Human Fibroblast and Hairless Mouse Model

Young-Chang Cho,Jae-Bok Han,Sang-Ik Park 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2019 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.34 No.1

Soy isoflavones have been reported to possess many physiological activities such as antioxidant activity and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. This study investigated the photoprotective effects of soybean extract in human fibroblast cell line and hairless mice model. Human fibroblast was treated with soybean extract before and after ultraviolet B (UVB; 290-302 nm) irradiation. In the soybean extract treated group, the cells showed better resistance to ultraviolet (UV) than control group. The amount of type I collagen recovered from the soybean treated group was higher than the vehicle group exposed to UV-induced damage. Moreover, increased expression of metalloproteinases-1 as a result of UV irradiation was suppressed by the soybean extract. Female mice were orally administered soybean extract and irradiated with UVB light for 8 weeks. The effects of the soybean extract on the skin appearance, collagen deposition and epidermal thickness in the UV-damaged mouse skin were analyzed using histopathological methods. In soybean extract treated group, the skin had a better morphology than that of the control group. Furthermore, the amount of type I collagen was increased and overexpression of MMP-1 was reduced in the soybean extract group compared to vehicle group. Additionally, up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by UV irradiation was suppressed by dietary soybean extract treatment. It appears that soybean extract had a photoprotective effect, including anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effect, from UV-induced damage in not only human fibroblast, but also hairless mice. We confirmed that these effects were possibly due to promotion of collagen synthesis and inhibition of MMP-1 expression.

한우에서 PGF_2α 투여에 의한 발정유도 후 난소 구조물 및 호르몬의 변화와 수태율

박철호,류재선,유대중,박인철,김종택,서국현,오기석,손창호 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2012 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.27 No.3

This study was carried out to develop the useful inducing method of estrus for Korean native cows. Under the condition of estrus induction by administering PGF_2α for the cows in which corpus luteum (CL) in ovaries was detected by ultrasonography, ovarian responses and the changes of progesterone (P_4) concentration against PGF_2α compared with conception rate were observed in cows and heifers. In inducing estrus administering PGF_2α. to the cows which has corpus luteum in ovaries, ovarian reponses, the changes of progesterone concentration, and conception rate were identified and compared. The results attained from the studies were as follows. Significant decreases of CL in size over time after PGF_2α administration were detected in both cow and heifer groups (p<0.001), but not different between groups in the CL regression rate (p>0.05). In addition, the percentage changes relative to the plasma P4 concentration on day 1 after PGF_2α treatment were decreased to below 1ng/ml. The growth rate of follicle was observed as 31% on day 1 and 42% on day 2 in cows, and 34% on day 1 and 97% on day 2 in heifers, resulting that growth of heifers are faster than that of cows (p<0.05). The conception rate after PGF_2α treatment were 60.5% and 64.2% in cows and heifers, respectively. It also indicated that the conception rate after estrus observation with PGF_2α injection was as high as 66.6% while that with timed-artificial insemination (TAI) regardless of the estrus observation was 56%, which means the pregnancy rate of artificial insemination after estrus observation was higher than that of TAI (p<0.05). In the result of all above, there were significant decreases in CL size and the plasma P_4 concentration by days but rapid growth in follicles, which has no differences in cows and heifers. The conception rate was commonly high after estrus observation and more than 50% under TAI.

한우에서 신체충실지수(BCS)가 다배란 처리 시 체내 수정란 생산과 수태율에 미치는 영향

염규태,박해금,김남태,김성우,김현,도윤정,김영신,박수봉,김재환,조상래,조재현,고응규 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2013 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Body condition score (BCS) is a useful management tool for distinguishing differences in nutritional needs of cows in the herd. Although it is not always possible to quantify the nutrient content of the feed supplied to the donor cow,the nutritional status can be determined by the BCS. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo embryo production, return to estrous of donor and pregnancy rate of recipients following BCS in Hanwoo superovulation. Sixty nine Hanwoo donor cows were flushed on day 7 of estrus cycle with same FSH and artificial insemination by the same technicians. Embryos were recovered on 7 days after the third insemination by flushing the uterus with Embryo Collection Medium. The results obtained were as follows: No differences were observed in the efficiency of superovulation rates regardless of BCS (≦2.0, 2.5 to 3.0, and ≧3.5). The mean number of total embryos was each 5.20±0.86, 11.56±1.04, and 6.23±1.07. The mean number of transferable embryo from ≦2.0, 2.5 to 3.0, and ≧3.5 of BCS was 2.60±0.87, 7.94±0.89, and 4.75±1.32, respectively (p<0.05). Return to estrous regardless of donor BCS was no difference. The pregnancy rates of recipient were BCS ≦2.0 11.76%, 2.5 to 3.0 40.79%, and ≧3.5 11.11%, following transfer of fresh embryos produced in vivo, respectively. These results indicate that if the Hanwoo with BCS 2.5 to 3.3 are used for donor and recipient, the embryo production and the conception rate will be greater.

In Vitro Development of Porcine Parthenogenetic Embryos under the Oil-free Culture System

Sang Kyu Park,Young-Ju Choi,노상호 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2010 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Optimization of the preimplantation mammalian embryo culture condition was widely focused on refining medium composition under the name of chemically defined media. However, recent research revealed that the alteration of physical environment can be a crucial factor to a successful embryo development. In this study, under the same embryo density, a novel culture device named oil-free micro tube culture (MTC) system was evaluated using porcine parthenogenetic embryos. The activated oocytes were placed into the 0.2 ml thin-wall flat cap PCR tube and cultured to the blastocyst stage. As a preliminary step, embryo density and culture medium volume were optimized under a standard drop culture system. The optimal embryo density range for in vitro culture was 0.5 embryos per μl in 20μl drop (20.5%) and 1.0 embryos per μl in 10 μl drop (20.6%). Based on these results, we compared drop culture system and 'MTC' system in terms of the developmental rate to the blastocyst stage. In 20 μl medium volume, the 'MTC' system showed similar blastocyst formation rate when compared with drop culture system (20.2% versus 20.5%,respectively) while the 'MTC' system showed lower blastocyst formation rate than drop culture system in 10 μl one (12.7% versus 20.0%, respectively). Therefore the 20 μl MTC system may be an alternative incubation system for short-distance embryo transport without carrying the CO2 incubator and this provides novel embryo culture device to clinical veterinary embryologists.

Tooth Wear of Two Male Giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) in Winter Season

용환율 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2010 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Two male reticulated giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata), 21-year-old, died of nutritional deficiency that primarily caused by serious tooth wear at Seoul Zoo in winter. A 970 kg-weighed giraffe showed tooth wear of premolars, molars and incisors at necropsy. A foreign body in the rumen, congestion and ulcer of abomasum and duodenum were also observed. Mild appearance of serous fat atrophy in pericardial sac suggests that lack of nutritional intake caused by tooth wear can become harmful enough to threat life. At the necropsy of a 1,290 kg-weighed giraffe,a large quantity of sandy soil were found in the rumen which would stuck the pathway of well-fermented ruminal contents at esophageal groove. Nutritional deficiency could be suspected to urge this giraffe to graze grass on the ground along with sandy soil. Secondarily, the soil damaged teeth and become a culprit making irregular tooth wear and mild serous fat atrophy. Nutritionally good care of geriatric animals is needed especially for browsing animals like giraffes and critically in winter season.

In vitro maturation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte: A promising approach for cell therapy

박윤귀,손여진,문성환,박순정 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2022 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.37 No.2

Currently, there is no treatment to reverse or cure heart failure caused by ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction despite the remarkable advances in modern medicine. In addition, there is a lack of evidence regarding the existence of stem cells involved in the proliferation and regeneration of cardiomyocytes in adult hearts. As an alternative solution to overcome this problem, protocols for differentiating human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) into cardiomyocyte have been established, which further led to the development of cell therapy in major leading countries in this field. Recently, clinical studies have confirmed the safety of hPSC-derived cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). Although several institutions have shown progress in their research on cell therapy using hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, the functions of cardiomyocytes used for transplantation remain to be those of immature cardiomyocytes, which poses a risk of graft-induced arrhythmias in the early stage of transplantation. Over the last decade, research aimed at achieving maturation of immature cardiomyocytes, showing same characteristics as those of mature cardiomyocytes, has been actively conducted using various approaches at leading research institutes worldwide. However, challenges remain in technological development for effective generation of mature cardiomyocytes with the same properties as those present in the adult hearts. Therefore, in this review, we provide an overview of the technological development status for maturation methods of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and present a direction for future development of maturation techniques.

Detection of Matrix Metalloprotease-9 and Analysis of Protein Patterns in Bovine Vaginal Mucus during Estrus and Pregnancy

김상환,백준석,이호준,민관식,이득환,윤종택 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2012 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.27 No.2

To investigate the biochemical nature of changes in vaginal physiology during estrus and pregnancy, we examined the cytology and viscosity, and monitored the protein expression profile in vaginal mucus during estrus and pregnancy. The viscosity progressively decreased from estrus to pregnancy. Cell type analysis revealed that white blood cells progressively increased from estrus to pregnancy, while red blood cells progressively decreased during pregnancy. The cornification index (CI) was higher in estrus than in pregnancy. Protein mass spectrumetry identified the presence of ribosome-binding protein 1, GRIP 1 (Glutamate receptor-interacting protein 1)-associated protein 1, DUF729 (Domain of unknown function729) domain-containing protein 1, prolactin precursor, dihydrofolatereductase, and MMP (Matrix metalloprotease)-9 in vaginal mucus. MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins in the vaginal mucus were active throughout estrus and gestation, as measured by a gelatinase assay, but most abundant in the vaginal mucus on day 0 of estrus. Results from ELISA of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were in accordance with the gelatinase assay. In light of the crucial role of metalloproteinases in extracellular matrix remodeling, the level of MMP-9 in vaginal mucus might be useful as an indicator of estrus and pregnancy to increase the efficiency of reproduction.

소에서 Interferon이 동결-융해 정자의 운동성과 인공 수정 임신율에 미치는 효과

김소섭,박용수 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2013 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.28 No.1

The increase in the meat quality and milk production of cows, which breed Korean Native Cow (KNC) and Holstein cow, is not improving reproductive efficiency. In this study, we examined the effect of interferon (IFN supplementation on motility of frozen-thawed semen and pregnancy rate after artificial insemination of KNC and Holstein cow. In experiment 1, we investigated the effect of IFN-tau concentration (10,000 IU and 20,000 IU) on the percentage of total motility (TM) and progressive motility (PM) of frozen-thawed spermatozoa. In experiment 2, KNC were infused 20,000 IU IFN-tau at insemination or after insemination. In experiment 3, KNC or Holstein cow were inseminated with frozen-thawed semen and infused 20,000 IU IFN-gamma or -tau after insemination. In experiment 1, the average of TM (23.9% to 30.9%) and PM (18.5% to 21.9%) were similar between control and treatments. In experiment 2, the pregnancy rates of IFN infusing times were not different from 45.8% to 53.6%. In experiment 3, the pregnancy rates of Holstein cow infused different kinds of IFN were similar (control, IFN-gamma, IFN-tau; 42.9%, 40.5%,48.0%). In the case of KNC, however, the pregnancy rate of control was 55.6%, which was significantly lower than that of IFN-gamma (68.9%; p<0.05). Thus, IFN is effective on the improvement of reproductive efficiency, but further study is needed.

Production Performances of Japanese Quail Parent Stock under Open Housing System

Muhammad Belal Hossain,Provas Chandra Sen,Md. Abdullah al Noman,Ariful Islam,Sumon Ghosh,Shariful Islam,Shovon Chakma,Ashit Kumar Paul 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2015 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.2

The study was carried out to assess the production performances of Japanese quail parent stock raised under open housing system and the study was conducted in a local farm with 2000 Japanese parent stock quail birds (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Observed body weight gain was recorded in each weekend up to 7 weeks of their age; birds gained weight 15.73, 31.45, 47.20, 90.80, 125.27, 153.14 and 175.20 grams, respectively. There have been observed sharp decline of fertility and hatchability of birds with increase of their age. Optimum fertility was recorded at third week and optimum hatchability at fifth week of their age. Average flock uniformity was found 83.68%. The hen day egg production of the flock was recorded 81, 83, 85, 86, 89, 89, 89, 89 and 88% in each weekend, respectively. It may therefore be concluded that Japanese quail parent stock performs well under open housing system in Bangladesh and future study can be taken to better understand their production performances.

Determination of the Granulosa Cell-Specific Endothelin Receptor A Deletion on Ovarian Function

조종기 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2014 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Endothelin 2 (EDN2) induces follicular rupture by constricting periovulatory follicles. In this study, it wasinvestigated the mechanisms of EDN2 action on follicular rupture with respect of receptor using the conditionallygranulosa cell specific EDN2 receptor type A (ETa) KO mice (gcETaKO; ETaflox/-․Amhr2Cre). It was generated thegcETaKO mice by breeding with ETaflox/- mice after mono-alleic ETa knockout by ZP3Cre and Amhr2Cre mice. Fertility,ovulation and maturation rates of ovulated oocytes after super ovulation were investigated in the gcETaKO micecompared with wild-type mice (ETaflox/flox and ETaflox/-) as a control group. In the gcETaKO mice, normal fertility afterbreeding with male mice was shown compared with wild-type mice. And, there was no significant differences inovulation rates after super ovulation, however its maturation rates was lower than that of wild type mice. Thesefindings show that EDN2 in follicular rupture for ovulation is related with an other ETa not in granulosa cells. Furtherstudies are needed to investigate how EDN2 is acted in ovarian follicular rupture for ovulation.