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蕩平政策의 本質考(中) : Especially on the issue of Sarim policy 特히 土林政治의 爭點에 對하여
李載浩 부산대사학회 1982 역사와 세계 Vol.- No.6
The poltical center of the Yi Dynasty day in the so-called 'Sarimpa,' and its characteristics could be defined a system discussed chiefly by the 'Daegan.' But the system, according to political rises and falls, or changes, came to the dissolution of national opinion and enfeelled national power in spite of its original purpose. Such political issues were 'Sawha' and 'Dangron.' The former was resitances and conflicts, and the latter socalled 'Dangron' by the political parties (Nam, Buk, No and So). 'Sawha' and 'Dangron' were by-products of the 'Sorimpa' policy. In 'Sawha. ' the group of the nobles and high government officials attacked the rising 'Sarimpa.' In 'Dangron' the 'Sarimpa' was divided into two parties: Dong and Seu, and then, into four : Nam, Buk, No and So to come into power by the means of 'Whanguk.' The Whan-guk meant the changes of regemes pitting and struggling against each other. Thus, 'Danron.' which rose in the early years of Sunjong and continued for two hundred (200) years, reached its height in the reign of Kyong jong and Young jo. To over come such political crises Young jo took a measure, 'Tangpyongchaek' which meant a righteous impartial government. The appeasement 'Tangpyongchaek,' however, failed in Keeping fairness for the two political parties in power, 'Noron' and 'Soron' and resulted in the only power of 'Noron. ' We have considered the rise and development of 'Dangron. ' So here we discuss only on the subject of 'Tangpyongchaek' enforced at the height of 'Dangron.
李世熙 부산대사학회 1982 역사와 세계 Vol.- No.6
En l'an II, les socie´te´s populaires se donne`rent des re`glements pre´cisant leurs buts, fixant les conditions d'admission de leurs membres. les re`glements commence`rent par pre´ciser les buts des socie´te´s. Elles entendirent instaurer une communication fre´quente entre les citoyens patriotiques et se consacrer a` l'instruction publique de ses membres. D'autre part, elles mirent l'accent sur la surveillance des fonctionnaires, mais aussi des traitres. Apre`s avoir pre´cise´ les buts, les re`glements fixe`rent les conditions d'admission. Il suffit ge´ne´ralement d'avoir fait preuve de civisme et de patriotisme dans les grandes circonstances de la Revolution. les candidats e´taient ge´ne´ralement pre´sente´s par des membres de la socie´te´ qui se de´claraient leurs garants. la liste en e´tait e´tablie par un comite´ de pre´sentation. Ils e´taient censure´s en se´ance publique, dans certaines socie´te´s trois fois de suite. Le paiement d'une cotisation sanctionna d'ordinaire l'adhe´sion. Son caracte`re modique n'avait e´carte´ pas les sans-culottes, meme les plus humbles. La cotisation avait e´te´ ge´ne´ralement plus e´leve´e dans les socie´te´s d'ancienne fondation que dans les socie´te´s sectionnaires. La se´ance avait debute´ par la lecture du proce`s-verbal et de la correspondance. Puis on avait proclame´ les noms des candidats a` l'admission et la commission compe´tente avait pre´sente´ ses observations. les divers rapports e´taient venus ensuite.