砂防造林地의 主要 樹種別 被覆率 變化에 關한 硏究

李賢揆 동국대학교 농과대학 1992 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.2

本 硏究는 砂防施工 後 주요 造林樹種 別 被覆率의 증거를 조사하여 사후관리에 기여하고자, 花崗岩 砂防地인 京畿道 驪州郡에서 2차례 반복 조사하여 얻어진 結果는 다음과 같다. 上層 相對被度는 아까시나무가 施工 後 3년에서 3년 동안에 26%의 증가를 이루어 初期 砂防地 造林에 큰 역할을 한다. 소나무류는 10年이 經過하면 50%까지 相對被度가 증가된다. 오리나무는 병충해의 피해를 받아 3년 동안에 평균 32%가 감소되었다. 참나무류는 10년이 경과된 후 평균 5.6%의 相對被度를 차지한다. 下層 相對被度는 아까시나무가 砂防施工 後 11年이 經過된 地域이 3年 後에는 35%가 증가되었다. 소나무류는 砂防施工 後 11年이 經過되었을 때 48%를 차지한 下層 相對被度가 3年後에는 9%가 되어, 소나무류의 天然下種이 어려움을 보여 준다. 싸리류는 3년 전보다 평균 20.2%가 감소되었다. 砂防 施工 10年 後 下層 相對被度는 오리나무류가 3%, 참나무류는 25.5%를 차지한다. 砂防 造林地의 14年 동안의 被覆率 增加式은 y=18.020x+18.834(r=0.954)이다. This study was carried out repeatedly to investigate the change of Relative Coverage in some species at the granite-erosion controlled area(Yoju-gun, Konggi-do). The result were as follows: 1. Robinia pseudoacacia play an important role an early stage in erosion controlled area where have afforested, to go an increasing in 26% by Relative Coverage from 3 to 6 year. 2. R.C. on upper layer of Pinus spp. increased in 50% at elapsed 10 years, but Alnus spp. be injured by harmful insects decreased in average 32% from 3 years, and Quercus app. occupied about 5.6% after elapsed 10 years. 3. Relative Coverage on lower layer of Robinia pseudoacacia occupied in 35% after elapsed 14 years, and seed-shedding is too difficult for Pinus spp. to increase in 39% from 11 to 14 years. 4. R.C. on lower layer of Lespedeza spp. decreased in average 20.2% from 3 years, and Alnus spp. occupied in 3%, Quercus spp. occupied in 25.5% after elapsed 10 years. 5. A formula of change of coverage be assume y=18.020 x +18.834(r=0.954).

피나무 天然林分의 生長形態에 關한 硏究

李敏淳,金昌浩 동국대학교 농과대학 1992 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.2

Growth patterns in several natural stands of Tilia app. were investigated to study breeding strategy. The results are as follows. 1. Tilia amurensis of Mt. Chiak region showed the best growth performance in height and D.B.H. while in Mt. Odae region showed the poorest performance growth in height and D.B.H. 2. It was considered that amurensis of Mt. Ch'iak region would be suitable to production of large diameter timber. 3. T. mandshurica of Hangyero˘ng region showed best browth in height and D.B.H. at age 20. T. mandshurica of Mt. Chombong region were the poorest in height and D.B.H. 4. The volume growth of T. amurensis and T. mandshurica can be maximized at age 50.

針葉樹 톱밥을 利用한 노랑느타리와 버들송이의 人工栽培에 關한 硏究

吳正壽,金思翼,高敏圭,金成柱 동국대학교 농과대학 1992 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.2

버섯의 人工栽培는 주로 참나무類를 利用하고 있지만 점차적인 枯渴狀態로 代替樹種의 開發이 必要하다. 그러므로 本 硏究는 노랑느티나무와 버들송이의 소나무, 리기다소나무, 잣나무, 낙엽송, 미송, 참나무의 톱밥에 대한 栽培 可能性 與否와 適正樹種 選拔을 主目的으로 하고 있으며 그 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 노랑느타리의 버들송이의 菌絲蔓廷은 낙엽송이 가장 빠르게 각각 25日과 30日이었다. 2. 버섯發生量은 2菌 모두 낙엽송에서 가장 많고 그 다음은 리기다소나무로 노랑느타리는 175g과 165g이고 버들송이는 168g과 121g이었다. 3. 本 實驗의 結果에 의하면, 낙엽송과 리기다소나무는 노랑느타리와 버들송이의 人工栽培에 適合하다. This study was carried to test for the sawdust medium cultivation of red pine, pitch pine, Korean pine, larch hemlock, oak tree, and to select proper tree species for mushroom production of Pleurotus cornucopiae and Agrocybe cylindracea. The results were fellows. 1. Hyphae spread of two fungi was best past in Larch by 25 and 30 days. 2. Quantitles of mushrooms were 175g and 169g of P. cornucopine and 168g and 121g of A. cylindracea at larch and Pitch pine. 3. It concluded from this study that larch and pine were good for the artificial cultivation of P. cornucopiae and A. cylindraceae.

畵宣紙의 特性 開發에 關한 硏究 : 畵宣紙의 潑墨狀態를 中心으로 Particulary onChinese Ink's Blots of Hwaseonji

李命器,吳正壽 동국대학교 농과대학 1992 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.2

According to the blots of Chinese ink for Hwaseonji, on the ground that its products investigated, its material choice and improvement of paper making required. The results were as follows: 1. Jukji was most excellent is blots of the Chinese but the preservation must be considered. 2. For the Dochimp and Omomaeji the bast fiber of paper mulberry be more made up shortened fiber the mixture ratio of waste paper should be decreased. 3. In case of beating of the bast fiber the pretreatment be made up the concentration of stocks must be lowed 4. To raise preservation with maintaining even blots first bast fiber were made shortened fiber and short fiber, such as straw pulp and bamboo pulp were mixed and even formation should be made up standard basis must be maintained.

雲吉山演習林內의 高等菌類分布에 關한 硏究

金思翼,金成柱,吳正壽 동국대학교 농과대학 1992 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.2

This paper deals with the results investigated of Higher Fungi Mt. Ungil Experiment Forests. As the results of the investigation, the writers have been found 127 species of Higher Fungi which belongs to 2 subdiviso 5 ordo 37 Familia (see Table 1).

Lignocellulosic Material의 Acetylation硏究 : Cellulose Acelate 제조를 중심으로 Production of Cellulose Acelate

金成柱,崔正憲,吳正壽 동국대학교 농과대학 1992 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.2

Cellulose Acetate Cellulose 誘導體중 하나로 섬유 film, plastic 등 여러 분야에 광범위하게 사용되고 있지만, 원료는 고도로 정제한 펄프인 용해용 펄프(dissolving pulp)에 의존하고 있다. 본 연구는 lignocellulosic material인 열기계 펄프(Thermomechamical pulp: TMP)를 직접 Acetylation하여 Cellulose Acetate 제조가능성을 구명하고 이 연구에 의해 조제한 Celloulose Acetate의 특성을 조사하였다. TMP는 MDF 제조용의 commercial grade를 사용하였으며 촉매의 농도를 변수로 하여 heterogeneous process와 homogeneous process를 적용한 결과, 촉매농도 5% 수준에서 수율이 가장 높게 나타났으며 Acetylation은 적외선분광분석기를 사용하여 확인하였다. 치환도(Degree of Substitution)는 적정법에 의해 2.5∼2.7로 나타났으며 중합도(Degree of polymerization)는 점도법으로 측정한 결과 약 2,200이다. 이 Cellulose Acetate는 Photo graphic film 제조에 적용할 수 있다. 그러나, 방해물질 내지는 불순물인 lignin, hemicellulose 및 기타 추출물의 제거와 Cellulose Acetate의 정제는 앞으로 더 연구가 필요하다. Cellulose Acetate is one of the most widely used cellulose derivates and is used various fields : fabric, film, plastic, and etc, but is made from very purified cellulose, dissolving pulp. The purpose of this study is preparation of Cellulose Acetate from lignocellulosic material by direct Acetylfation and investigation of the characteristics of the Cellulose Acetate Lignocellulosic Material is commercial grade Thermomechanical Pulp that is used for the Medium Density Fiberboard. Two process is applied to Acetylation, varieties of the concentration of catalysts. Optimum concentration of catalysts is 5% and low concentration areas, the reaction is not established infrared Spectroscopy is used the analysis of Acetylation Degree of Substitution is 2.5∼2.7 by Titration method and Degree of Polymerization is about 2,200 by Viscosity method. The Cellulose Acetate is photographic film grade. But the more need to purification of the Cellulose Acetate and removal of acetylated lignin, hemicellulose, extractives which are inhibitor or impurified materials.

木材科學의 文化的 理解

吳正壽 동국대학교 농과대학 1992 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.2

林質材料는 人類의 發生과 더불어 이용되어온 소재이다. 人智가 발달함에 따라 人間의 삶의 質을 향상하는 방향으로 木材文化도 발전해 왔다. 이것은 林質材料가 다른 재료에서는 느낄 수 없는 건강미를 갖고 있기 때문이다. 또한 人間이 느끼는 感情에 작용하는 정서가 부합되는 특성이 있다. 최근 과학기기의 발달로 文化를 木質環境系에 대하여 科學的으로 설명하는 것이 가능하게 되었다. 木材科學을 文化的으로 理解하는 것은 상품의 질을 높이는 중요한 요소이다. Wood used from origin of mankind. Wood culture in developed the more life by advanced acknowledgement of mankind. Because wood has the healthy, beauty but no othering has, and accordance with emotion of mankind. Recently advice of rechnical instrument can be able to wood environment by scientifical sense. Cultural acknowledgement of wood science is necessary for grade-up of commodity.

山林副産物의 需給動向에 關한 硏究

全俊憲,李相植 동국대학교 농과대학 1992 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.2

Forest by-products are given much weight in-forestry as a source of income rise of agricultural and mountain villagers by allowing to get over economic weaknesses due to a long-term investment for forests and use intensively forest land. Recently, however very rapid mass-production of forest by-products become a unstable factor on account of inefficient marketing structure as well as cause a reduced income of agricultural and mountain villagers with a fall in price. This study, therefore, was conduced to provide a fundamental information for a income raise of agricultural and mountain villagers and a policy planning by-analyzing the supply and demand trend of forest by-products. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The earning rate of forest by-products producing farms is decreasing annually, but if is profitable on their income than other species, which those of Castanea crenata, Pinus koraiensis, Juglans sinensis are 9.2%, 9.1%, and 8.9% respectively. The producing proportion of forest by-products in National Economy is very slight as 0.62%, but it is very important in point of becoming a valuable income source of agricultural and mountain villagers who have relatively lower income level. 2. The cultivating area of Juglans sinensis and Zizyplus jujuba was come out for 81.5%, 88.1% respectively in 10 tree-age and less. It was analyzed to increase rapidly because of the high profitability. 3. The reduction of agricultural and mountain villagers have caused a rise of a labour cost, and therefore it becomes a major factor of dropped earning rate by transtering into a producing cost of forest by-products. 4. In order to improve marketing structure it was suggested that plans for raise of a receiving price have to be prepared through the spread of simple storaging technologies and the enlargement of forwarding control funds in order to keep away out of flood forwarding and the governmental investment to cold storaging facilities unable to privately invest. 5. In order to increase our competitive power in trade to other countries by cutting down of producing cost of forest by-products, it is necessary to widen a support and the term of redemption of agriculture stabilized funds and forest development funds for yield, treatment processing, storage, and import etc. In order to ensure a comparative predominance of competitive power in export goods quality. It is necessary to promote production of quality goods and processing yield by technical guidance, the government ought to induce diversification and high-grade of goods. 6. The measures for the improvement of producing forest by-products are schemed suppliment and price control, domestic consumption, enhancement, enlargement of forest by-products manufacturing, and it is desirable to give economity by managing effectively to produce forest by-products in producing farms, and to improve marketing structure and provide guidance and training to forest by-products producing farms in the office.

畵宣紙에 對한 特性調査 分析

李命器,全哲,吳正壽 동국대학교 농과대학 1992 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.2

This study was carried out to make sure and improve on the properties of Hwaseonju trading in Cheon-Ju now by means of a physical and chemical test. The results may be summarized as follows. 1. The average basis weight of the Hwaseonji was 32.32g/㎡, the range of its thickness was 0.057-0.014mm. Therefore, to obtain the uniform of Hwaseonji it will must be reduce the range of density. 2. The whiteness degree of sample was 73.1-81.4 GE, and we obtain satisfaction to visual whiteness, but we know that in flatness only, Jangji, Sunji, Baegmuji, Goryeoji, differ the surface and reverse sensitively. 3. The Hwaseonji that durability is strong was Jangji, Sunji, Baegmuji and all was neutralized paper(avg. pH6.08). 4. To result of experiment the high quality Hwaseonji was Jangji, Sunji, Baegmuji considering of the other physical properties, while the contain of paper mulberry fiber keep with 50% more, also fiber length need to do shortly.