하지 심부정맥혈전증 환자에서 폐색전증 발생에 미치는 인자

윤상섭,최승혜,김상동,조항주,박순철,김기환,안창혁,김정수,문인성,유승진,임근우,김지일 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2008 대한뇌혈관외과학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Purpose: Pulmonary embolism (PE) represents the most important and fatal complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), of which a dislodged thrombus is most commonly derived from the deep venous system of the lower extremity. The aim of this study is to define the incidence and risk factors of PE in DVT patients. Method: We retrospectively reviewed 248 patients with DVT in a lower extremity at Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital between January 2000 and August 2008 and they had received additional examinations for making the diagnosis of PE regardless of its symptoms. Result: There were 117 men and 131 women, and their mean age was 59 years old (range: 13∼91) at the time of diagnosis. There were 190 DVT-only patients and 58 patients with PE (the incidence rate of PE in the DVT patients: 23.8%). The gender ratio of the DVT only group was 1:1.3 (males: 83, female: 107) and the gender ratio of the DVT with PE group was 1:0.7 (males: 34, females: 24) (P<0.05). The risk factors of PE in the DVT patients were hypercoagulability (34%), cancer (23%), immobilization (17%), trauma/operation (10%), obesity (10%) and a past DVT history (7%). The idiopathic DVT patients had a relatively high cancer diagnosis rate (18.5%) and the majority of the newly detected cancer were from the chest or abdominal cavity. Conclusion: The incidence of DVT and PE is increasing and 23.8% of the DVT patients showed PE on their chest CT scan. The most significant risk factor for PE in the DVT patients was the male gender, yet an evaluation for cancer should be carefully done for idiopathic DVT patients because of their high rate of having cancer diagnosed.

Factors associated with rebleeding after coil embolization in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Kim Donghee,Pyen Jinsu,Whang Kum,Cho Sungmin,Jang Yeongyu,Kim Jongyeon,Koo Younmoo,Choi Jongwook 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2022 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.24 No.1

Objective: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) has a high mortality rate, and hemorrhage amounts and perioperative rebleeding importantly determines prognosis. However, despite adequate treatment, prognosis is poor in many ruptured aneurysm cases. In this study, we identified and evaluated factors related to perioperative rebleeding in patients with aSAH. Methods: The medical and surgical records of 166 patients that underwent endovascular embolization for a ruptured cerebral aneurysm at a single institution from 2014 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed to identify risk factors of rebleeding. All patients were examined for risk factors and evaluated for increased hemorrhage by brain computed tomography at 3 days after surgery. Results: This series included 54 men (32.5%) and 112 women (67.5%) of mean age 58.3±14.3 years. After procedures, 26 patients (15.7%) experienced rebleeding, and 1 of these (0.6%) experienced an intraoperative aneurysmal rupture. External ventricular drainage (EVD) (odds ratio [OR] 5.389, [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.171- 24.801]) and modified Fisher grade (OR 2.037, [95% CI 1.077-3.853]) were found to be independent risk factors of rebleeding, and perioperative rebleeding was strongly associated with patient outcomes (p<0.001). Conclusions: We concluded the rebleeding risk after aSAH is greater in patients with large hemorrhage amounts and a high pre-operative modified Fisher grade, and thus, we caution neurosurgeons should take care in such cases. Objective: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) has a high mortality rate, and hemorrhage amounts and perioperative rebleeding importantly determines prognosis. However, despite adequate treatment, prognosis is poor in many ruptured aneurysm cases. In this study, we identified and evaluated factors related to perioperative rebleeding in patients with aSAH. Methods: The medical and surgical records of 166 patients that underwent endovascular embolization for a ruptured cerebral aneurysm at a single institution from 2014 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed to identify risk factors of rebleeding. All patients were examined for risk factors and evaluated for increased hemorrhage by brain computed tomography at 3 days after surgery. Results: This series included 54 men (32.5%) and 112 women (67.5%) of mean age 58.3±14.3 years. After procedures, 26 patients (15.7%) experienced rebleeding, and 1 of these (0.6%) experienced an intraoperative aneurysmal rupture. External ventricular drainage (EVD) (odds ratio [OR] 5.389, [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.171- 24.801]) and modified Fisher grade (OR 2.037, [95% CI 1.077-3.853]) were found to be independent risk factors of rebleeding, and perioperative rebleeding was strongly associated with patient outcomes (p<0.001). Conclusions: We concluded the rebleeding risk after aSAH is greater in patients with large hemorrhage amounts and a high pre-operative modified Fisher grade, and thus, we caution neurosurgeons should take care in such cases.

Age and Meteorological Factors in the Occurrence of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in a Metropolitan City

김형준,김재훈,김덕령,강희인,문병관,김주성 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2014 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.16 No.3

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation betweenmeteorological factors and occurrence of spontaneous intracerebralhemorrhage (ICH) according to age. Materials and Methods : We retrospectively analyzed the records of 735ICH patients in a metropolitan hospital-based population. Observed andexpected numbers of ICH patients were obtained at 5°C intervals of ambienttemperature and a ratio of observed to expected frequency wasthen calculated. Changes in ambient temperature from the day beforeICH onset day were observed. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was usedto test differences in meteorological variables between the onset andnon-onset days. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparison of meteorologicalvariables across gender and age. Results : ICH was observed more frequently (observed/expected ratio ≥ 1)at lower mean, minimum, and maximum ambient temperature (p = 0.0002,0.0003, and 0.0002, respectively). Significantly lower mean, minimum, andmaximum ambient temperature, dew point temperature, wind speed, andatmospheric pressure (p = 0.0003, 0.0005, 0.0001, 0.0013, 0.0431, and 0.0453,respectively) was observed for days on which spontaneous ICH occurred. In the subgroup analysis, the ICH onset day showed significantly lowermean, minimum, and maximum ambient temperature, dew point temperature,relative humidity, and higher atmospheric pressure in the older (≥65 years) female group (p = 0.0093, 0.0077, 0.0165, 0.0028, 0.0055, and0.0205, respectively). Conclusion : Occurrence of spontaneous ICH is closely associated withmeteorological factors and older females are more susceptible to lowerambient temperature.

Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes of Wingspan Stent Placement for Treatment of Symptomatic Intracranial Stenosis: Single Center Experience with 19 Cases

Jun Hyoung Lee,Ji Kwang Yun,김대원,강성돈 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2012 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.14 No.3

Objective:The limitations of medical management of symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (ICS) have prompted development of new strategies, including endovascular treatment. However, stenting of symptomatic ICS remains investigational. Here, we have reported and analyzed a series of 19 endovascular procedures involving placement of a Wingspan stent. Methods:We conducted a retrospective review of a series of ICS in which patients were treated with percutaneous transarterial balloon angioplasty and stent placement (PTAS). Patients included in the study were diagnosed as symptomatic ICS between May 2010 and September 2011. Results:Nineteen patients (median age, 65 years; 12 males, seven women) were treated with the Wingspan stent system for symptomatic ICS ranging from 50% to 99%. The technical success rate was 100%. The location of ICS included the internal carotid (n = 5; 1 petrous, 3 cavernous, and 1 clinoid segments), vertebral (n = 1; V4 segment), basilar (n = 1), and middle cerebral (n = 12; 9 M1, 3 M2) arteries. There was no occurrence of procedure-related mortality. Periprocedural morbidity occurred in two cases (10.5%), including carotid-cavernous fistula (n = 1) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 1). No ipsilateral stroke was recorded beyond 30 days during a mean follow-up period of 13.2 months (range 9–19 months). Restenosis (> 50%) was observed in one patient (6.3%), who was asymptomatic, on follow-up imaging. Conclusion:Wingspan stent for symptomatic ICS can be performed with a high rate of technical success and acceptable periprocedural morbidity rates. Our initial experience indicates that this procedure represents a viable treatment option for this patient population.

Unusual presentation of infectious intracranial aneurysm with sequential hemorrhagic and ischemic components

Tae Woong Bae,고정호,Jae Sung Ahn,Jung Ho Ko 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2020 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.22 No.2

Infectious intracranial aneurysm (IIA), a rare type of cerebral aneurysm, is often observed in patients with infective endocarditis. Hemorrhage or infarction often occurs; however, the presentation of both hemorrhagic and ischemic components is rare. A 41-year-old man with progressive motor weakness, dysarthria, and severe headache was admitted to our hospital. Brain computed tomography scan revealed a scanty subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging confirmed acute cerebral infarction around the external capsule and insular lobe. A digital subtraction cerebral angiogram revealed an obstruction in the middle cerebral artery (MCA). The patient’s neurological symptoms improved remarkably on the fifth day, and a follow-up angiogram revealed recanalized MCA with pseudoaneurysm, which was not observed on the previous angiogram. A blood culture result confirmed bacteremia, and the patient was then diagnosed with infective endocarditis. The pseudoaneurysm was treated with anastomosis of the superficial temporal artery and MCA with trapping of the parent artery. He was discharged with no neurological deficits. Herein, we present a patient with IIA, who sequentially developed SAH and cerebral infarction, and underwent extracranial-intracranial bypass with trapping of the parent artery. Although the treatment strategy for IIA is controversial, the treatment plan should be cautiously discussed with the patient. In addition, the assessment of an underlying infectious disease is required.

파열된 원위부 전대뇌동맥동맥류에 동반된 뇌실질내 출혈이 치료 결과에 미치는 영향

최병삼,박인성,강동호,이철희,황수현,한종우 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2010 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.12 No.3

Objective : In this study, we analyzed the results of treating ruptured distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms surgically and reported the DACA aneurysms' characteristics and the influence of concomitant intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) on the outcome. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 24 patients with DACA aneurysms from among 430 patients who had received a diagnosis of, and undergone operations for, intracranial aneurysms in our hospital, from January 2003 to December 2008. We analyzed their age, gender, initial Glasgow coma scale (GCS) on admission, Hunt and Hess grading scale, and past medical history of hypertension or diabetes. We used computed tomography angiography (CTA) scans to investigate the location, size, multiplicity, ICH, and volume of each aneurysm and scored its surgical outcome according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Results : The 24 patients (8 men and 16 women) with DACA aneurysms were aged 5-73 years (mean, 52 years), and 6 had multiple aneurysms. Eleven patients had concomitant ICH, and these patients' mean hematoma volume was 15.2 cc. There were 4 patients with GCS scores from 14 to 15 and 7 patients with GCS scores below 13. Nine patients had GOS scores from 4 to 5, 1 patient had a GOS score of 3, and 1 patient, a GOS score of 1. Fisher's exact test revealed that initial GCS (P=0.03) and Hunt and Hess grade affected surgical outcomes. Concomitant ICH was not a statistically significant factor (P=0.7) Conclusions : We found DACA aneurysms were more common in women, multiple cerebral aneurysms were frequent, and these aneurysms were not large. Clinical outcomes were associated with initial GCS and Hunt and Hess grades. ICH was more frequent in DACA aneurysms, and ICH showed no correlation with either the clinical course or the final surgical outcome. (Kor J Cerebrovascular Surgery 12(3):165-168, 2010)

Endovascular occlusion of giant serpentine aneurysm: A case report and literature review

Civlan Serkan,Yakar Fatih,Coskun Mehmet Erdal,Sato Kenichi 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2022 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.24 No.1

Giant serpentine aneurysms (GSAs) are a rare subgroup of intracranial aneurysms. Separate inflow and outflow flow due to intraluminal thrombosis is the most distinguishing feature of GSAs. In treating these lesions, surgical clipping and ligation were the main treatments in the past, but bypass for revascularisation and endovascular therapies (EVTs) for deconstructive purposes are more prominent today. A 51-years-old male patient presented with headache and mild right hemiparesis. He had a GSA arising from the left fetal type posterior cerebral artery (fPCA) that was out of follow-up for six years. Radiological images revealed midline shifting and mesencephalon compression. We performed endovascular parent artery coil occlusion. The symptoms of the patient improved at the first-month follow-up. Even if there is a mass effect in GSAs, deconstructive EVT is a safe and feasible method for managing these lesions.

Acute frame coil migration during filling coil retrieval in a cerebral aneurysm embolization case: A possible result of a venturi effect?

Doron Omer,Meirowitz Eran,Abergel Eitan 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2022 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.24 No.1

Coil migration is a known complication of endovascular coiling of cerebral aneurysms. We report an acute coil migration occurring during coiling of an unruptured anterior choroidal aneurysm, while a separate coil was retrieved into the microcatheter concomitantly without direct contact between the coils. The “pulling” of a previously deployed stable coil is presented as an adverse effect that should be noted. This case exemplifies that not only direct entanglement or erroneous malposition can generate acute migration, but possibly, also alteration of physical forces during coil retrieval. A potential mechanism, similar to a venturi effect, caused by a quick suction within the microcatheter at its distal end, is suggested, and the clinical relevance of the case is discussed.

Giant vertebral artery aneurysms presenting acutely with WFNS grade five subarachnoid haemorrhage, report of 4 cases treated with endovascular or surgical proximal parent artery occlusion achieving good functional outcome

Ng Puay Yong 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2022 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.24 No.1

Ruptured giant aneurysms in the posterior circulation with poor grade subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) are associated with poor outcome. In this report four patients with ruptured giant vertebral artery aneurysms who presented acutely with World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade five SAH are reviewed. All 4 cases required intubation and ventilation on arrival. Brainstem reflexes were intact in all of them. Early endovascular parent artery coil occlusion was done in two cases. Two other cases were treated with early surgical proximal parent artery clip occlusion. Two cases required ventriculoperitoneal shunting. All cases achieved good recovery with full functional independent outcome at two years follow up. MR angiogram at two years documented resolution of aneurysms. In conclusion good outcome may be possible in some cases of ruptured giant vertebral artery aneurysms with WFNS grade five SAH.

Clinically Significant Cardiac Arrhythmia in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Yeon-Seong Jeong,김형동 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2012 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.14 No.2

Objective:Many previous studies have shown that electrocardiographic (ECG) changes occur patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study was designed to identify the frequency, influencing factors, and outcome of clinically significant cardiac arrhythmias after SAH. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 122 patients including ECG finding, age, sex, the Hunt-Hess grade, the Fisher‘s grade, the history of hypertension, peak blood pressure and heart rate, location of aneurysm, Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score, the days of admission to the intensive care unit, the presence of symptomatic vasospasm. Results:Of 122 SAH patients, 50% (n=61) had a verified clinically significant arrhythmia. There were no statistically significant independent factors associated with clinically significant arrhythmia in multivariate analysis. Although adjustments for the effects of age, Hunt-Hess grade, and the presence of symptomatic vasospasm on death were made, clinically significant arrhythmias were still independently predictive of death (no arrhythmia versus arrhythmia, 11.5% versus 27.9%, adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.524, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.229-10.100, p=0.019) and poor outcome (GOS≦2, 13.1% versus 29.5%, adjusted OR 3.202, 95% CI 1.174-8.732, p=0.023). Conclusion:Clinically significant arrhythmias after SAH are associated with a high mortality rate, and serious cardiac and neurological comorbidity. Patients with an abnormal ECG on admission should undergo close cardiac monitoring, and the presence of rhythm disturbances should prompt aggressive measures to treat myocardial infarction (MI), maintain a normal cardiac rhythm, and minimize the presence of autonomic stress.