잠재적 동화약물로서의 염화불소

윤현구 대한골대사학회 1996 대한골대사학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Proximal Femoral Geometry as Fracture Risk Factor in Female Patients with Osteoporotic Hip Fracture

한준,한명훈 대한골대사학회 2016 대한골대사학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Background: Proximal femoral geometry may be a risk factor of osteoporotic hip fractures. However, there existed great differences among studies depending on race, sex and age of subjects. The purpose of the present study is to analyze proximal femoral geometry and bone mineral density (BMD) in the osteoporotic hip fracture patients. Furthermore, we investigated proximal femoral geometric parameters affecting fractures, and whether the geometric parameters could be an independent risk factor of fractures regardless of BMD. Methods: This study was conducted on 197 women aged 65 years or more who were hospitalized with osteoporotic hip fracture (femur neck fractures ; 84, intertrochanteric fractures; 113). Control group included 551 women who visited to check osteoporosis. Femur BMD and proximal femoral geometry for all subjects were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and compared between the control and fracture groups. Besides, proximal femoral geometric parameters associated with fractures were statistically analyzed. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the age and weight, cross-sectional area (CSA)/length/width of the femoral neck and BMD of the proximal femur between fracture group and control group. BMD of the proximal femur in the control group was higher than in the fracture group. For the femoral neck fractures group, the odds ratio (OR) for fractures decrease in the CSA and neck length (NL) of the femur increased by 1.97 times and 1.73 times respectively, regardless of BMD. The OR for fractures increase in the femoral neck width increased by 1.53 times. In the intertrochanteric fracture group, the OR for fractures increase in the femoral neck width increased by 1.45 times regardless of BMD. Conclusions: We found that an increase of the femoral neck width could be a proximal femoral geometric parameter which plays important roles as a risk factor for fracture independently of BMD.

Fracture Liaison Service in Korea: 2022 Position Statement of the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Yong-Chan Ha 대한골대사학회 2023 대한골대사학회지 Vol.30 No.1

Osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures cause socioeconomic concerns, and medical system and policies appear insufficient to prepare for these issues in Korea, where the older adult population is rapidly increasing. Many countries around the world are already responding to osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures by adopting fracture liaison service (FLS), and such an attempt has only begun in Korea. In this article, we introduce the operation methods for institutions implementing FLS and characteristics of services, and activities of the FLS Committee for FLS implementation in the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research. In addition, we hope that the current position statement will contribute to the implementation of FLS in Korea and impel policy changes to enable a multidisciplinary and integrated FLS operated under the medical system.

Seasonal Variations and Common Places of Hip Fractures in Elderly Patients: Nine Year Consecutive Survey

이경학 대한골대사학회 2023 대한골대사학회지 Vol.30 No.1

Background: Fall prevention is important for reducing hip fractures. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between variables related to hip fractures according to sex and season. Methods: This study included patients admitted for fragility hip fractures between 2012 and 2021. Patients were interviewed by a junior resident before discharge. Data on sex, age, diagnosis, osteoporosis treatment, direction, voiding problems, ambulatory function, seasons, weather, time of day, place, location, floor condition, activity during fall, and perceived reason for fall were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 1,118 patients were included (279 males and 839 females). In both sexes, indoor falls were prevalent throughout all seasons, but males showed a higher proportion of outdoor falls, especially in winter during cloudy or snowy weather. Rooms and walking were the most common locations and activities during falls. The poor ambulatory function was associated with a higher prevalence of indoor falls. Osteoporosis treatment rates were low and did not differ according to Koval stage. Winter was associated with higher osteoporosis non-treatment group. Urgency/incontinence in female patients caused a higher proportion of falls during the evening time. Conclusions: Strategies for indoor fall prevention and vigilant osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment are important for all seasons, especially for frail elderly patients. Outdoor fall prevention emphasized for male patients, and education around nighttime falls should be provided for female patients with voiding dysfunction.

Current Status and Strategy of microRNA Research for Cartilage Development and Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis

Hiroshi Asahara 대한골대사학회 2016 대한골대사학회지 Vol.23 No.3

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are small (~21 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs, are important players in endochondral ossification, articular cartilage homeostasis, and arthritis pathogenesis. Comprehensive and genetic analyses of cartilage-specific or cartilage-related miRNAs have provided new information on cartilage development, homeostasis, and related diseases. State-of-the-art combinatorial approaches, including transcriptionactivator like effector nuclease (TALEN)/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technique for targeting miRNAs and high-throughput sequencing of RNA isolated by cross-linking immunoprecipitation for identifying target messenger RNAs, should be used to determine complex miRNA networks and miRNA-dependent cartilage regulation. Use of advanced drug delivery systems involving cartilage-specific miRNAs will accelerate the application of these new findings in arthritis therapy.

Serum Sclerostin in Hepatitis C Virus Infected Patients

E. González-Reimers,Javier López-Prieto,Ricardo Pelazas-González,M.Remedios Alemán-Valls,María José de la Vega-Prieto,Carlos Jorge-Ripper,M. Carmen Durán-Castellón,F Santolaria-Fernández 대한골대사학회 2014 대한골대사학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Background: Sclerostin inhibits osteoblast functions, differentiations, and survival rates. As an endogenous inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, the sclerostin should be re-lated to decreased bone masses, although several studies indicate opposite results. Inaddition, it may be related to insulin resistances and carbohydrate metabolisms, a rela-tion shared with other markers of bone metabolisms, such as osteocalcin. Hepatitis C vi-rus (HCV) infected patients may present osteoporosis, and frequently show liver steato-sis, which is a consequence of insulin resistance. The behaviour of sclerostin in these pa-tients is yet unknown. The aim of this work is to analyse the relationships between se-rum sclerostin and osteocalcin levels and bone mineral density (BMD), liver functions,the intensity of liver steatosis and biochemical markers of bone homeostasis and insulinresistance in HCV-infected patients. Methods: Forty HCV patients with 20 years of ageand gender-matching controls were included in this study and underwent bone densi-tometry. Serum sclerostin, osteocalcin, collagen telopeptide, adiponectin, leptin, insulin,resistin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 were determined. Liver fatwas histomorphometrically assessed. Results: Sclerostin levels were slightly higher inpatients than in controls, and were directly related to BMD at different parts of the skele-ton, also to the serum telopeptide, and to the liver steatosis and TNF-α. On the contrary,osteocalcin showed a significant direct relationship with serum adiponectin, and an in-verse one with IL-6. Conclusions: Serum sclerostin levels were within the normal rangein HCV patients, and correlated directly with BMD and serum telopeptide. In addition,the relationships of sclerostin and osteocalcin with variables associated with insulin re-sistance suggested the role of bones for intermediary metabolisms.

Prolonged Practice of Swimming Is Negatively Related to Bone Mineral Density Gains in Adolescents

Marcelo R. Ribeiro-dos-Santos,Kyle R. Lynch,Ricardo R. Agostinete,Santiago Maillane-Vanegas,Bruna Turi-Lynch,Igor H. Ito,Rafael Luiz-de-Marco,Mario A. Rodrigues-Junior,Rômulo A. Fernandes 대한골대사학회 2016 대한골대사학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Background: The practice of swimming in “hypogravity” conditions has potential to decrease bone formation because it decreases the time engaged in weight-bearing activities usually observed in the daily activities of adolescents. Therefore, adolescents competing in national levels would be more exposed to these deleterious effects, because they are engaged in long routines of training during most part of the year. To analyze the effect of swimming on bone mineral density (BMD) gain among adolescents engaged in national level competitions during a 9-month period. Methods: Fifty-five adolescents; the control group contained 29 adolescents and the swimming group was composed of 26 athletes. During the cohort study, BMD, body fat (BF) and fat free mass (FFM) were assessed using a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanner. Body weight was measured with an electronic scale, and height was assessed using a stadiometer. Results: During the follow-up, swimmers presented higher gains in FFM (Control 2.35 kg vs. Swimming 5.14 kg; large effect size [eta-squared (ES-r)=0.168]) and BMD-Spine (Swimming 0.087 g/cm2 vs. Control 0.049 g/cm2 ; large effect size [ES-r=0.167]) compared to control group. Male swimmers gained more FFM (Male 10.63% vs. Female 3.39%) and BMD- Spine (Male 8.47% vs. Female 4.32%) than females. Longer participation in swimming negatively affected gains in upper limbs among males (r=-0.438 [-0.693 to -0.085]), and in spine among females (r=-0.651 [-0.908 to -0.036]). Conclusions: Over a 9-month follow-up, BMD and FFM gains were more evident in male swimmers, while longer engagement in swimming negatively affected BMD gains, independently of sex.

Comparison in Adherence to Osteoporosis Guidelines according to Bone Health Status in Korean Adult

임희숙,김순경,이해혁,변동원,박윤형,김태희 대한골대사학회 2016 대한골대사학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Background: Osteoporosis one of the most serious disease to decrease the quality of life and cause economic loss. Thus, prevention of osteoporosis has become an important health concern. The study examined in adherence to osteoporosis guidelines and compared the levels of adherence to osteoporosis guidelines between bone health status in Korean adult. Methods: This study used data from a nationally represented sample of Koreans (n=3,419) from 2008 to 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We were divided into three groups by T-score: normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis. Assessment of adherence level was based on 5 components of osteoporosis guidelines, considering intake of sodium, calcium and protein, smoking and regular exercise. Results: The sex, body mass index, income and educational level did not significantly differ between three groups. Deficient intake of calcium was significantly associated with a threefold greater odds in osteoporosis group (OR 3.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.52-5.22). Excessive protein intake was significantly increased the risk only in osteoporosis group compared to the normal group (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.15-2.62). Smoking increased the risk in osteoporosis group compared to the normal group (OR 2.88; 95% CI 1.75-4.76), osteoporosis group compared to the osteopenia group (OR 2.69; 95% CI 1.61- 4.55). Conclusions: Nutritional factor (intake of calcium and protein) and lifestyle-related factor (smoking and exercise) must be accompanied the management for bone health. An adherence of guidelines is considered very important for the prevention of osteoporosis.

The Influence of the Type of Continuous Exercise Stress Applied during Growth Periods on Bone Metabolism and Osteogenesis

Sangun Lee,Takao Suzuki,Hiromi Izawa,Atsuko Satoh 대한골대사학회 2016 대한골대사학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Background: In this study, we examined the influence of exercise loading characteristics on bone metabolic responses and bone morphology in the growth phase and adulthood. Methods: Running exercise (RUN) and jumping exercise (JUM) were used for the exercise loading in 28-day-old male Wistar rats. Bone metabolism was measured by blood osteocalcin (OC) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) levels. For bone morphology, the maximum bone length, bone weight, and bone strength of the femur and tibia were measured. Results: A pre- and post-exercise loading comparison in the growth phase showed significantly increased OC levels in the RUN and JUM groups and significantly decreased TRACP levels in the JUM group. On the other hand, a pre- and post-exercise loading comparison in adulthood showed significantly decreased TRACP levels in the RUN and JUM groups. Femur lengths were significantly shorter in the RUN and JUM groups than in the control (CON) group, while bone weight was significantly greater in the JUM group than in the CON group. Conclusions: Exercise loading activates OC levels in the growth phase and suppresses TRACP levels in adulthood. On the other hand, these results suggest that excessive exercise loading may suppress bone length.

Osteoporosis Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Ryo Okazaki,Reiko Watanabe,Daisuke Inoue 대한골대사학회 2016 대한골대사학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Recent epidemiological studies have revealed that osteoporosis is closely associated with common chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disorders, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a chronic inflammatory airway disease but now well known to be associated with various systemic comorbidities including osteoporosis. Osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures are extremely common in COPD patients, which have significant impacts on their quality of life (QOL), activities of daily life (ADL), respiratory function, and possibly their prognosis. COPD-associated osteoporosis is however extremely under-recognized, hence undertreated. Recent studies have suggested that both decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and impaired bone quality compromise bone strength causing fractures in COPD. In COPD patients, various general clinical risk factors for osteoporosis are present including smoking, older age, low body weight, and physical inactivity. In addition, disease-related risk factors such as decreased pulmonary function, inflammation, glucocorticoid use and vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency have been linked to the development of osteoporosis in COPD. Increased awareness of osteoporosis in COPD, especially that of high prevalence of vertebral fractures is called upon among general physicians as well as pulmonologists. Routine screening for osteoporosis and risk assessment of fractures will enable physicians to diagnose COPD patients with comorbid osteoporosis at an early stage. Timely prevention of developing osteoporosis together with appropriate treatment of established osteoporosis may improve QOL and ADL of the COPD patients, preserve their lung function and eventually result in better prognosis in these patients.