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      • ''See me, feel me'': Effects of 3D-printed surface patterns on beverage evaluation

        van Rompay, T.J.L.,Finger, F.,Saakes, D.,Fenko, A. Longman Scientific Technical ; Elsevier Science Pu 2017 Food quality and preference Vol.62 No.-

        <P>Research shows that packaging appearance can have a strong impact on taste experience and product evaluation. However, so far research has mainly focused on how visual appearances may steer sensory impressions including smell and taste. Taking into account new (technological) developments which allow for consideration of a wide range of previously unexplored packaging factors, the research presented here investigates the impact of 3D-printed surface patterns on taste evaluations as a function of product type (a bitter tasting coffee versus a sweet tasting chocolate.drink) and verbal product claims (either stressing taste strength or taste softness). To this end, 3D-printed cups with angular and rounded surface patterns were manufactured and handed to shoppers participating in a taste session for a fictitious coffee or chocolate brand. Results show that an angular surface pattern increased perceived bitterness and taste intensity ratings, whereas a rounded surface pattern induced a sweeter taste evaluation and a less intense taste experience. Congruent pairings of drinks and tactile patterns resulted in more favorable outcomes. Finally, congruence was also found to be important with respect to taste descriptions, with verbal claims in line with surface pattern associations further enhancing product experience. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

      • The sweetest punch: Effects of 3D-printed surface textures and graphic design on ice-cream evaluation

        Van Rompay, Thomas J.L.,Kramer, Lisa-Marie,Saakes, Daniel Elsevier 2018 Food quality and preference Vol.68 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Research shows that design factors of packaging and food containers can have a strong impact on taste experience and product evaluation. However, so far research has mainly focused on how visual appearances steer sensory impressions including smell and taste. Taking into account new (technological) developments in packaging design, this research investigates the impact of 3D-printed surfaces on taste evaluation of two ice cream variants. In addition, the interplay between surface textures and matching or non-matching shapes presented on a poster in the consumption environment (i.e., an ice-cream salon) was studied. To this end, 3D-printed cups with either a sharp or smooth surface were manufactured and used in a taste session conducted at an ice-cream salon, where either a poster with sharp or smooth shapes was hanging down the wall. Results testify to the potential of influencing taste evaluations by means of surface textures, with a smooth surface enhancing sweetness evaluation, and a sharp surface enhancing intensity evaluations. Furthermore, findings might imply that mismatches between surface textures and poster design may enhance product and taste liking.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> 3D-printed surface textures can accentuate basic taste sensations such as sweetness and sourness. </LI> <LI> A sharp surface texture can enhance overall taste intensity. </LI> <LI> Subtle mismatches between surface texture and poster design may enhance ice cream liking. </LI> <LI> The embodied cognition framework can provide explanations for meanings connoted by design elements. </LI> </UL> </P>

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