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Sha Li,Hui-Hui Liu,Yan Zhang,Meng Zhang,Hui-Wen Zhang,Cheng-Gang Zhu,Yuan-Lin Guo,Na-Qiong Wu,Rui-Xia Xu,Qian Dong,Ke-Fei Dou,Jie Qian,Jian-Jun Li 대한비만학회 2024 Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome Vol.33 No.2
Background: Triglyceride glucose (TyG) and TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI) are reliable surrogate indices of insulin resistance and used for risk stratification and outcome prediction in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Here, we inserted estimated average glucose (eAG) into the TyG (TyAG) and TyG-BMI (TyAG-BMI) as derived parameters and explored their clinical significance in cardiovascular risk prediction. Methods: This was a population-based cohort study of 9,944 Chinese patients with ASCVD. The baseline admission fasting glucose and A1C-derived eAG values were recorded. Cardiovascular events (CVEs) that occurred during an average of 38.5 months of follow-up were recorded. We stratified the patients into four groups by quartiles of the parameters. Baseline data and outcomes were analyzed. Results: Distribution of the TyAG and TyAG-BMI indices shifted slightly toward higher values (the right side) compared with TyG and TyG-BMI, respectively. The baseline levels of cardiovascular risk factors and coronary severity increased with quartile of TyG, TyAG, TyG-BMI, and TyAG-BMI (all P<0.001). The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios for CVEs when the highest and lowest quartiles were compared from low to high were 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 1.36; TyG), 1.29 (95% CI, 0.97 to 1.73; TyAG), 1.59 (95% CI, 1.01 to 2.58; TyG-BMI), and 1.91 (95% CI, 1.16 to 3.15; TyAG-BMI). The latter two showed statistical significance. Conclusion: This study suggests that TyAG and TyAG-BMI exhibit more information than TyG and TyG-BMI in disease progression among patients with ASCVD. The TyAG-BMI index provided better predictive performance for CVEs than other parameters.
( Shali Tan ),( Chunyu Zhong ),( Yutang Ren ),( Xujuan Luo ),( Jin Xu ),( Xiangsheng Fu ),( Yan Peng ),( Xiaowei Tang ) 대한소화기학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.2
Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has emerged as a rescue treatment for recurrent or persistent achalasia after failed initial management. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of POEM in achalasia patients with failed previous intervention. We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed databases using the queries “achalasia,” “peroral endoscopic myotomy,” and related terms in March 2019. Data on technical and clinical success, adverse events, Eckardt score and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure were collected. The pooled event rates, mean differences (MDs) and risk ratios (RR) were calculated. A total of 15 studies with 2,276 achalasia patients were included. Overall, the pooled technical success, clinical success and adverse events rate of rescue POEM were 98.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 96.6% to 98.8%), 90.8% (95% CI, 88.8% to 92.4%) and 10.3% (95% CI, 6.6% to 15.8%), respectively. Seven studies compared the clinical outcomes of POEM between previous failed treatment and the treatment naïve patients. The RR for technical success, clinical success, and adverse events were 1.00 (95% CI, 0.98 to 1.01), 0.98 (95% CI, 0.92 to 1.04), and 1.17 (95% CI, 0.78 to 1.76), respectively. Overall, there was significant reduction in the pre- and post-Eckardt score (MD, 5.77; p<0.001) and LES pressure (MD, 18.3 mm Hg; p<0.001) for achalasia patients with failed previous intervention after POEM. POEM appears to be a safe, effective and feasible treatment for individuals who have undergone previous failed intervention. It has similar outcomes in previously treated and treatment-naïve achalasia patients. (Gut Liver 2021;15:153-167)
Guided Reflection in Business Education: An Example from Leadership Development
Shali WU 한국경영커뮤니케이션학회 2023 Business Communication Research and Practice Vol.6 No.2
Business education often employs a far broader spectrum of pedagogical techniques than other academic disciplines. In addition to conventional reliance on textbook summaries, selected research publications, and formal class discussion (sometime conducted using the Socratic method), business students also benefit from reviews of case studies, group projects, and extensive use of guest speakers. Broadly speaking, these last three components are intended to offer deeper, more concrete insights into the nature and challenges of the real business world (e.g., Boud, Keogh, & Walker, 1985; Ferreira, Keliher, & Blomfield, 2013; Kori, Mäeots, & Pedaste, 2014).
Shali, Mahboobeh,Ghaffari, Fatemeh,Joolaee, Soodabeh,Ebadi, Abbas Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.9
Background: Patient safety is one of the key components of nursing care for cancer cases. Valid and reliable context-based instruments are necessary for accurate evaluation of patient safety in oncology units. The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Patient Safety Violation Scale in medical oncology units in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this methodological study, a pool of 58 items was generated through reviewing the existing literature. The validity of the 58-item scale was assessed through calculating impact score, content validity ratio, and content validity index for its items as well as conducting exploratory factor analysis. The reliability of the scale was evaluated by assessing its internal consistency and testretest stability. Study sample consisted of 300 oncology nurses who were recruited from thirteen teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Results: Sixteen items were excluded from the scale due to having low impact scores, content validity ratios, or content validity indices. In exploratory factor analysis, the remaining 42 items were loaded on five factors including patient fall, verification of patientidentity, harm during care delivery, delay in care delivery, and medication errors. These five factors explained 62% of the total variance. The Cronbach's alpha of the scale and the test-retest interclass correlation coefficient were equal to 0.933 and 0.92, respectively. Conclusions: The 42-item Patient Safety Violation Scale is a simple and short scale which has acceptable validity and reliability. Consequently, it can be used for assessing patient safety in clinical settings such as medical oncology units and for research projects.
Do trade flows interact in space? Spatial origin-destination modeling of gravity
Luo Shali,최승완 경희대학교 글로벌 통상·금융연구원 2022 International Trade, Politics and Development Vol.6 No.2
This study proposes spatial origin-destination threshold Tobit to address spatial interdependence among bilateral trade flows while accounting for zero trade volumes.This model is designed to capture multiple forms of spatial autocorrelation embedded in “directional” trade flows. The authors apply this improved model to export flows among 32 Asian countries in 1990.The empirical results indicate the presence of all three types of spatial dependence: exporter-based, importer-based and exporter-to-importer-based. After further considering multifaceted spatial correlation in bilateral trade flows, the authors find that the effect of conventional trade variables changes in a noticeable way.This finding implies that the standard gravity model may produce biased estimates if it does not take spatial dependence into account.This paper attempts to offer an improved model of the standard gravity model by taking spatial dependence into account.
Economic development, population and civil war: a Bayesian changepoint model
Luo Shali,최승환 경희대학교 글로벌 통상·금융연구원 2021 International Trade, Politics and Development Vol.5 No.1
This study proposes a Bayesian approach to analyze structural breaks and examines whether structural changes have occurred, at the onset of civil war, with respect to economic development and population during the period from 1945 to 1999.In the Bayesian logit regression changepoint model, parameters of covariates are allowed to shift individually, regime transitions can move back and forth, and the model is applicable to cross-sectional, time-series data.Contrary to popular belief that the causal process of civil war changed with the end of the Cold War, the empirical analysis shows that the regression relationships between civil war and economic development, as well as between civil war and population, remain quite stable during the study period.This is the first to develop a Bayesian logit regression changepoint model and to apply it to studies of economic development and civil war.
The politics of the executive, legislative veto players and foreign debt
최승완,Shali Luo 경희대학교 글로벌 통상·금융연구원 2019 International Trade, Politics and Development Vol.3 No.2
The purpose of this paper is to examine a curvilinear effect of legislative constraints on foreign debt.A cross-sectional, time-series data analysis of 68 developing countries during the period from 1981 to 1999 was performed.Foreign borrowing is most likely to increase at both low and high levels of legislative constraints, while it is most likely to decrease at moderate levels.The paper is a first-cut empirical analysis of a curvilinear relationship between legislative constraints and foreign debt.