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Long-Term Stroke Recurrence after Transient Ischemic Attack: Implications of Etiology
Angel Ois Santiago,Elisa Cuadrado-Godia,Eva Giralt-Steinhauer,Jordi Jimenez-Conde,Carolina Soriano-Tarraga,Ana Rodríguez-Campello,Carla Avellaneda,Diego Cascales,Isabel Fernandez-Perez,Jaume Roquer Go 대한뇌졸중학회 2019 Journal of stroke Vol.21 No.2
Background and Purpose To analyze long-term stroke recurrence (SR) characteristics after transient ischemic attack (TIA) according to initial etiological classification. Methods A prospective cohort of 706 TIA patients was followed up in a single tertiary stroke center. Endpoint was SR. Etiologic subgroup was determined according to the evidence-based causative classification system. Location of TIA and SR was recorded as right, left, or posterior territory. Disability stroke recurrence (DSR) was defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score >1 or a onepoint increase in those with previous mRS >1 at 3-month follow-up. Results During a follow-up of 3,493 patient-years (mean follow-up of 58.9±35.9 months), total SR was 125 (17.7%), corresponding to 3.6 recurrences per 100 patient-years. The etiology subgroups with a higher risk of SR were the unclassified (more than one cause) and large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) categories. Of the SR cases, 88 (70.4%) had the same etiology as the index TIA; again, LAA etiology was the most frequent (83.9%). Notably, cardioaortic embolism was the most frequent cause (62.5%) of SR in the subgroup of 24 patients with undetermined TIA. Overall, SR occurred in the same territory in 74 of 125 patients (59.2%), with significant differences between etiological TIA subgroups (P=0.015). Eighty-two of 125 (65.6%) with SR had DSR, without differences between etiologies (P=0.453). Conclusions SR occurred mainly with the same etiology and location as initial TIA, although undetermined TIA was associated with a high proportion of cardioaortic embolism SR. More than half of the recurrences caused some disability, regardless of etiology.
Editorial: Nanobio versus Bionano - what's in a name?
Baneyx, Franç,ois,Park, Je-Kyun Wiley (John WileySons) 2013 Biotechnology journal Vol.8 No.2
<P>Nanobio versus Bionano--what's in a name? This special Issue of Biotechnology Journal includes two sections, one featuring articles on nanobio, the other articles on bionano. The editors of the issue, Fran?ois Baneyx and Je-Kyun Park, discuss the similarities and differences between the two in their editorial.</P>
Geschwind, Jean-Franç,ois,Kudo, Masatoshi,Marrero, Jorge A.,Venook, Alan P.,Chen, Xiao-Ping,Bronowicki, Jean-Pierre,Dagher, Lucy,Furuse, Junji,de Guevara, Laura Ladró,n,Papandreou, Christo RADIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF NORTH AMERICA 2016 Radiology Vol.279 No.2
<P>Purpose: To evaluate transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) use prior to and concomitantly with sorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) across different global regions. Materials and Methods: GIDEON is an observational registry study of more than 3000 HCC patients. Patients with histologically, cytologically, or radiographically diagnosed HCC, and for whom a decision had been made to treat with sorafenib, were eligible. Patients were enrolled into the registry from 39 countries beginning in January 2009, with the last patient follow-up in April 2012. Detailed data on treatment history, treatment patterns, adverse events, and outcomes were collected. All treatment decisions were at the discretion of the treating physicians. Documented approval from local ethics committees was obtained, and all patients provided signed informed consent. Descriptive statistics, including minimum, median, and maximum, were calculated for metric data, and frequency tables for categorical data. Kaplan-Meier estimates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for survival end points. Results: A total of 3202 patients were eligible for safety analysis, of whom 2631 (82.2%) were male. Median age was 62 years (range, 15-98 years). A total of 1511 (47.2%) patients underwent TACE prior to sorafenib; 325 (10.1%) underwent TACE concomitantly. TACE prior to sorafenib was more common in Japan and Asia- Pacific compared with all other regions (362 [71.3%] and 560 [60.3%] vs 12-209 [13.3%-37.1%]). Adverse events were reported in 2732 (85.3%) patients overall, with no notable differences in the incidence of adverse events, regardless of TACE treatment history. Overall survival was 12.7 months in prior-TACE patients, 9.2 months in non-prior-TACE patients, 21.6 months in concomitant-TACE patients, and 9.7 months in non-concomitant-TACE patients. Conclusion: Global variation exists in TACE use in sorafenib-treated HCC patients. The combination of TACE with sorafenib appears to be a well-tolerated and viable therapeutic approach. (C) RSNA, 2016</P>
Michalec, Franç,ois-Gaë,l,Holzner, Markus,Barras, Alexandre,Lacoste, Anne-Sophie,Brunet, Loï,c,Lee, Jae-Seong,Slomianny, Christian,Boukherroub, Rabah,Souissi, Sami Elsevier 2017 Environmental pollution Vol.228 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Calanoid copepods play an important role in the functioning of marine and brackish ecosystems. Information is scarce on the behavioral toxicity of engineered nanoparticles to these abundant planktonic organisms. We assessed the effects of short-term exposure to nonfunctionalized gold nanoparticles on the swimming behavior of the widespread estuarine copepod <I>Eurytemora affinis</I>. By means of three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry, we reconstructed the trajectories of males, ovigerous and non-ovigerous females. We quantified changes in their swimming activity and in the kinematics and geometrical properties of their motion, three important descriptors of the motility patterns of zooplankters. In females, exposure to gold nanoparticles in suspension (11.4 <I>μ</I>g L<SUP>−1</SUP>) for 30 min caused depressed activity and lower velocity and acceleration, whereas the same exposure caused minimal effects in males. This response differs clearly from the hyperactive behavior that is commonly observed in zooplankters exposed to pollutants, and from the generally lower sensitivity of female copepods to toxicants. Accumulation of gold nanoparticles on the external appendages was not observed, precluding mechanical effects. Only very few nanoparticles appeared sporadically in the inner part of the gut in some samples, either as aggregates or as isolated nanoparticles, which does not suggest systemic toxicity resulting from pronounced ingestion. Hence, the precise mechanisms underlying the behavioral toxicity observed here remain to be elucidated. These results demonstrate that gold nanoparticles can induce marked behavioral alterations at very low concentration and short exposure duration. They illustrate the applicability of swimming behavior as a suitable and sensitive endpoint for investigating the toxicity of nanomaterials present in estuarine and marine environments. Changes in swimming behavior may impair the ability of planktonic copepods to interact with their environment and with other organisms, with possible impacts on population dynamics and community structure.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We studied the motion of copepods exposed to non-functionalized gold nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Exposure depressed swimming activity and velocity in females but not in males. </LI> <LI> This response differs from the hyperactivity commonly observed with pollutants. </LI> <LI> We observed accumulation neither in the digestive track nor on the appendages. </LI> <LI> Nanomaterials can induce marked behavioral toxicity at very low concentrations. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Ngnitcho, Paul-Franç,ois Kounkeu,Tango, Charles Nkufi,Khan, Imran,Daliri, Eric Banan- Mwine,Chellian, Ramachandran,Oh, Deog Hwan Elsevier 2018 FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY -ZURICH- Vol.91 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This research was performed to evaluate the inactivation kinetics of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW), fumaric acid (FA) and their combination simultaneous with ultrasound (US) at a mild temperature against <I>L.monocytogenes</I> and <I>E.coli</I> O157:H7 on sprouts. The effects of combined treatments on sensory quality of sprouts were also examined. A t<SUB>4D</SUB> equal to 10 min was needed for the combined SAEW with FA (SAEW + FA) at 40 °C to reach 4 log reduction of <I>L.monocytogenes;</I> while the same combination simultaneous with ultrasound (SAEW + FA + US) provided the t<SUB>4D</SUB> value of 12; 7 and 3 min for <I>L.monocytogenes</I> at 23°, 30° and 40 °C respectively. For <I>E.coli</I> O157:H7, only (SAEW + FA + US) gave the t<SUB>4D</SUB> of 14; 9 and 3 min at 23°, 30°, and 40 °C respectively. The Weibull model provided a good fit with R<SUP>2</SUP> ≥ 0.9 for both bacteria and the root mean square errors (RMSEs) were in the range of 0.01–0.48 for <I>L.monocytogenes</I> and 0.02–0.54 for <I>E.coli</I> O157:H7. The samples submitted to both combined treatments remained in good quality at the end of storage with slight deterioration due to ultrasound usage. This study suggests that the Weibull model could successfully be used to determine exact contact time for inactivating foodborne pathogens on food.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> SAEW+FA and SAEW+FA+US treatments were more effective compared to single treatments. </LI> <LI> Increasing temperature in combined treatment decreases the time required to inactivate 4 log (t<SUB>4D</SUB>). </LI> <LI> Quality of SAEW+FA and SAEW+FA+US treated samples remained acceptable at the end of storage. </LI> </UL> </P>
Leulier, Franç,ois,MacNeil, Lesley T.,Lee, Won-jae,Rawls, John F.,Cani, Patrice D.,Schwarzer, Martin,Zhao, Liping,Simpson, Stephen J. Elsevier 2017 Cell metabolism Vol.25 No.3
<P>Nutrition is paramount in shaping all aspects of animal biology. In addition, the influence of the intestinal microbiota on physiology is now widely recognized. Given that diet also shapes the intestinal microbiota, this raises the question of how the nutritional environment and microbial assemblages together influence animal physiology. This research field constitutes a new frontier in the field of organismal biology that needs to be addressed. Here we review recent studies using animal models and humans and propose an integrative framework within which to define the study of the diet-physiology-microbiota systems and ultimately link it to human health. Nutritional Geometry sits centrally in the proposed framework and offers means to define diet compositions that are optimal for individuals and populations.</P>