http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
외과적 보조의 급속상악확장술 : 치험 5예 REPORT OF 5 CASES
박충열,이용욱,송종운,김영운,박홍주,오희균,유선열,이기현,황현식 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.1
Five adults (3 cases of bilateral posterior crossbite, 2 cases of unilateral posterior crossbite) with intermaxillary discrepancy of over 5㎜ due to maxillary transverse deficiency were treated by surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME). Bilateral maxillary horizontal osteotomies, osteotomies of pterygomaxillary junction and anterior lateral nasal wall, ans anterior palatal osteotomy were performed in 4 cases, and unilateral osteotomies in 1case, followed by palatal expansion with tooth-borne orthopedic applicance. No significant complication was observed. The mean palatal expansion was 7.2㎜ (5.8∼10.0㎜) in the maxillary first molar region. During the mean follow-up period of 4 years (5 months∼8 years 7 months), no recurrence of crossbite was observed in all cases. The SARME seemed to be a simple, stable, and reliable procedure for achieving a permanent increase of over 5㎜ in skeletal maxillary transverse width of adults.
황현욱(Hyeon-Uk Hwang),정순형(soon-hyung chung),이징연(Jing-Yeon Lee) 한국환경관리학회 2011 環境管理學會誌 Vol.17 No.2
In this research, sludge was added in the brick manufacturing to reduce the clay usage and examined the plasticity, compressive strength, surface absorption and the quality of the brick with step by step addition of sludge in the raw material, and compare the results with the brick quality standard rules and regulations whether the quality is satisfaction able or not. We examined possibility of recycling waterworks sludge by combining clay, kaolin, and silica as a block. The compressive strength was observed 361.1kgf/㎠ when brick was manufactured with 75% clay and sludge 5% and 20% silica which compete the 1st grade brick standard. The compressive strength was observed 349.9kgf/㎠ when 70% clay, 10% sludge and 20% silica, and 317.3kgf/㎠ was observed when 65% clay, 15% sludge and 20% silica was added, which satisfy the brick quality standard. Absorption of the brick manufactured by the addition 20% silica of 5%, 10% 15% sludge was observed 5%, 7.65%, and 8.92% respectively, satisfying the brick quality standard of grade. Conclusively, absorption and compressive strength with the addition of proper amount of sludge which satisfies the brick quality standard was observed 10 ~ 15%.
황현욱(Hyeon Uk Hwang),김지훈(Ji Hoon Kim),김영주(Young Ju Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2009 대한환경공학회지 Vol.31 No.3
본 연구는 정수슬러지를 친환경적인 자원으로 재활용하기 위한 방안으로서 유해성이 없는 점토벽돌 및 보도블록 등으로 재활용하기 위하여 진행되었다. 정수슬러지를 점토벽돌 원료로 대체할 수 있는지에 대한 연구를 수행함에 있어 각각의 원료의 성상을 분석하고 일축압축강도, 흡수율, 중량 및 용출특성을 비교 검토하였다. 그 결과 규사를 20% 고정시킨 후 정수슬러지 5~10%, 점토 70~75% 주입하였을 때 점토벽돌 한국산업규격 품질 1종(압축강도 210.1 kgf/cm2, 흡수율 10% 이하)에 가장 적합한 결과를 보였으며, 중금속 용출 실험에서도 모든 항목의 농도가 법적 유해물질 용출기준치 이하로 나타났다. 정수슬러지를 이용하여 점토벽돌 제작시 슬러지 5~10%를 주입하여도 시중에서 판매되는 점토벽돌의 품질에 떨어지지 않는다고 사료된다. This study was conducted to search possibilities of the use of sludge from waterworks industry in the manufacturing of red clay bricks. Different compositions of the sludge were added into the raw materials of the bricks and required engineering characteristics of the manufactured bricks were examined. Compressive strength, plasticity, and surface absorption of the recycled bricks were analyzed and were compared with the bricks quality standard rules and regulation for quality assurance of the product. Compressive strength of the bricks made in a ratio 75% clay, 5% sludge and 20% silica was found 261.3 kg(f)/cm3 and that was comparable with first grade bricks standard. Compressive strength of the bricks made in a ratio 70% clay, 10% sludge, and 20% silica was found 249.9 kg(f)/cm3 while it was decreased to 217.3 kg(f)/cm3 when bricks were made in a ratio 65% clay, 15% sludge and 20% silica. However, these values of compressive strength were in agreement with the bricks quality standard. Surface absorption of the bricks made by the mixing of 20% silica with varying amount of sludge, i.e., 5%, 10%, and 20% was found 10%, 9.65% and 10.92% respectively. These values satisfied the quality standard of bricks of grade 1 and 2. Recycling of proper amount of sludge in bricks making could produce bricks of high engineering characteristics.
Effect of a short-term in vitro exposure time on the production of in vitro produced piglets
Hwang, In-Sul,Kwon, Dae-Jin,Kwak, Tae-Uk,Lee, Joo-Young,Hyung, Nam-Woong,Yang, Hyeon,Oh, Keon Bong,Ock, Sun-A,Park, Eung-Woo,Im, Gi-Sun,Hwang, Seongsoo The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2016 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.31 No.2
Although piglets have been delivered by embryo transfer (ET) with in vitro produced (IVP) embryos and blastocysts, a success rate has still remained lower level. Unlike mouse, human, and bovine, it is difficult to a production of piglets by in vitro fertilization (IVF) because of an inappropriate in vitro culture (IVC) system in pig. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate whether minimized exposure time in IVC can improve the pregnancy and delivery rates of piglets. Immediately after IVM, the oocytes were denuded and co-incubated with freshly ejaculated boar semen for 3.5 to 4 hours at $38.5^{\circ}C$ under 5% $CO_2$ in air. To avoid long-term exposure to in vitro state, we emitted IVC step after IVF. After that the presumptive zygotes were transferred into both oviducts of the surrogate on the same day or 1 day after the onset of estrus. Pregnancy was diagnosed on day 28 after ET and then was checked regularly every month by ultrasound examination. The 3 out of 4 surrogates were determined as pregnant (75%) and a total of 5 piglets (2 females and 3 males) were delivered at $118.3{\pm}2.5$ days of pregnancy period. In conclusion, a short-term exposure time may be an important factor in the production of IVP-derived piglets. It can be apply to the in vitro production system of transgenic pig by IVF, cloning, and pronuclear microinjection methods.
Optimal Dynamic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks under Rayleigh Fading
Hyeon Je Cho,Gang Uk Hwang 한국산업응용수학회 2011 한국산업응용수학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.6 No.2
We consider a time slotted cognitive radio (CR) network under Rayleigh fading where multiple secondary users (SUs) contend for spectrum usage over available primary users channels. In the contention, all SUs use common access probabilities to decide whether they access one of available channels. We focus on the throughput performance of an arbitrary SU. To improve the throughput performance of SUs, it is desirable that the access probabilities are adapted to the information on channel status and fading condition. In the analysis, we derive the optimal access probabilities that maximize the throughput performance of an arbitrary SU. From our analysis, we provide an insight on how to obtain optimal access probabilities in the CR network.
Analysis of Optimal Random Access Policies for Cognitive Radio Networks under Rayleigh fading
Hyeon Je Cho,Gang Uk Hwang 한국산업응용수학회 2011 한국산업응용수학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.6 No.1
We consider a time slotted cognitive radio network under Rayleigh fading where multiple secondary users (SUs) contend for spectrum usage over available primary users’ channels. We analyze a channel access policy where each SU stochastically determines whether to access a wireless channel or not based on a givne access probability. We focus on the queueing performance of an arbitrary SU. To improve the queueing performance of SUs, the access probability in our channel access policy is adapted to the information on channels, e.g., the number of available channels and the probability of a deep fade for channels. It is then important to obtain the optimal access probabilities from the queueing performance perspective. In this paper we consider three scenarios. In the first scenario, all SUs have full information on wireless channel status and fading channel conditions. In the second scenario, all SUs have full information on wireless channel status but do not know their fading channel conditions, and in the last scenario all SUs do not have any information on wireless channel status and conditions. For each scenario we analyze the queueing performance of an arbitrary SU and show how to obtain the optimal access probabilities with the help of the effective bandwidth theory. From our analysis we provide an insight on how to design an optimal channel access policy in each scenario. We also show how the optimal channel access policies in three scenarios are related with each other. Numerical results are provided to validate our analysis. In addition, we investigate the performance behaviors of the optimal channel access policies.