Effect of fermented blueberry on the oxidative stability and volatile molecule profiles of emulsion-type sausage during refrigerated storage

Zhou, Hengyue,Zhuang, Xinbo,Zhou, Changyu,Ding, Daming,Li, Chunbao,Bai, Yun,Zhou, Guanghong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.5

Objective: The aim of this work was to assess the effect of fermented blueberry (FB; 2%, 4%, and 6%) on the oxidative stability and volatile molecule profiles of emulsion-type sausage stored at 4℃ for 28 days. Methods: The antioxidant activity of FB was determined through radical-scavenging activity against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals. Four formulations of sausage treatments with different FB levels (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%) were prepared, then peroxide value (POVs), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values, protein carbonyls and thiol groups were measured. The aroma profiles of sausages for each treatment was also determined. Results: The half maximal inhibitory concentration indicated that FB had greater scavenging ability than ascorbic acid against DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. Sausages with FB significantly retarded increases in POVs and TBARS, as well as in the content of protein carbonyls during all storage days (p<0.05). Particularly, 4% and 6% FB-treated sausages had better oxidation inhibition effects. However, FB accelerated the reduction in thiol groups (p<0.05). Additionally, FB inhibits the excessive formation of aldehyde compounds; for example, hexanal, which may cause rancid flavors, decreased from 58.25% to 19.41%. FB also created 6 alcohols (i.e., 2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and phenylethyl alcohol), 5 ester compounds (i.e., ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, and ethyl hexanoate) and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone in the sausages that contribute to sausage flavors. The principal component analysis showed that the aroma profiles of sausages with and without FB are easily identified. Conclusion: The addition of FB could significantly reduce the lipid and protein oxidation and improve oxidative stability for storage. Also, adding FB could inhibit rancid flavors and contribute to sausage flavors.

A STUDY OF CHINESE ANCIENT COMETARY RECORDS

ZHOU HONG NAN,ZHUANG WEIFENG,WANG Yu The Korean Astronomical Society 1996 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.29 No.suppl1

From 146 B.C. to A.D. 1760, 363 sets of cometary observations have been recorded in Chinese Ancient Records of Celestial Phenomena. The positions of all recorded comets, or their paths, on the sky are compared. Taking into account the perturbations of all nine planets and using the numerical method of N-body problem, the orbits of well-recorded comets are calculated. Identification of a periodic comet is presented.

An intelligent optimization method for the HCSB blanket based on an improved multi-objective NSGA-III algorithm and an adaptive BP neural network

Zhou Wen,Sun Guomin,Miwa Shuichiro,Yang Zihui,Li Zhuang,Zhang Di,Wang Jianye 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.9

To improve the performance of blanket: maximizing the tritium breeding rate (TBR) for tritium selfsufficiency, and minimizing the Dose of backplate for radiation protection, most previous studies are based on manual corrections to adjust the blanket structure to achieve optimization design, but it is difficult to find an optimal structure and tends to be trapped by local optimizations as it involves multiphysics field design, which is also inefficient and time-consuming process. The artificial intelligence (AI) maybe is a potential method for the optimization design of the blanket. So, this paper aims to develop an intelligent optimization method based on an improved multi-objective NSGA-III algorithm and an adaptive BP neural network to solve these problems mentioned above. This method has been applied on optimizing the radial arrangement of a conceptual design of CFETR HCSB blanket. Finally, a series of optimal radial arrangements are obtained under the constraints that the temperature of each component of the blanket does not exceed the limit and the radial length remains unchanged, the efficiency of the blanket optimization design is significantly improved. This study will provide a clue and inspiration for the application of artificial intelligence technology in the optimization design of blanket.

Generalized-extended-state-observer-based Sliding-mode Control for Buck Converter Systems

Lan Zhou,Xiaojun Yi,Zhuang Jiang,Zhu Zhang,Jinhua She 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.12

This paper presents a generalized-extended-state-observer (GESO)-based sliding-mode control (SMC) method to deal with mismatched parameter uncertainty and reference-input mutation for a class of DC-DC buck converter systems (BCS). First, a GESO is designed to estimate the total disturbance together with the system state. Then, by choosing an appropriate disturbance-compensation gain, a composite SMC law is designed to attenuate the influence of the parameter uncertainty and reference input mutation on the system output. Both the stability criterion and deign procedure of the system are given. Finally, simulation results show that the designed GESO-based SMC system for the DC-DC BCS is robustly stable and achieves both satisfactory transient and steady-state performance. Comparisons demonstrate that the proposed method provides better transient and steady-state performance for both disturbance rejection and tracking control than either conventional SMC or ESO-based control approach does.

Numerical Study on the Mechanical Properties of the Novel Wide Box Girders Stiffened by Transverse Ribs

Haiyan Zhuang,Shujun Fang,Man Zhou,Mostafa Fahmi Hassanein 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.9

The dimensioning of the cross section is a critical step in designing wide box girder bridges with long cantilevers. The typical box girder cross section may not be the most economical and reasonable choice for wide box girder bridges considering the stress conditions and construction costs. Arranging transverse stiffened ribs underneath the top slab is an effective way to widen the bridge deck. In this study, the influence of the transverse stiffened ribs on the mechanical performance of the ribbed top slab is investigated by finite element (FE) modelling. The results show that the transverse mechanical properties of the box girders with ribbed slabs are significantly different from those of the traditional box girders with solid slabs. The ribbed slabs can provide additional transverse capacities over those of the traditional solid slabs. Furthermore, the transverse tensile stress in the root section of the ribbed cantilever slab is found to fluctuate periodically along its length, and a considerable stress concentration is observed in the transverse ribs. The key design parameters of the transverse ribs (depth, width and spacing) influencing the tensile stress amplitude at the cantilever root section are determined through FE parametric analysis.

Ex vivo Expansion of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using Microcarrier Beads in a Stirred Bioreactor

Lang Zhou,Jiantao Kong,Ying-ping Zhuang,Ju Chu,Si-Liang Zhang,Mei-Jin Guo 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.1

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs)have recently gained attention as a useful resource in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, the number of bmMSCs obtained from available donors is very low. Here we developed a culture strategy for in vitro expansion of bmMSCs in a 1.5 L stirred bioreactor with microcarrier beads. First, the microcarriers (Cytodex 3) were equilibrated in culture medium containing 3% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for at least 30 min prior to cell addition. After inoculation, the FBS concentration of the medium was maintained at 3% (v/v) in the first 24 h and thereafter maintained at 1% (v/v) and a developed feeding regimen was applied over 5 days. The maximum cell density of 2.6 × 106 cells/mL was achieved at day 5,corresponding to a 10.4 ± 0.8 fold increases in total cell number. Among the harvested cells, 98.95% expressed CD29and 84.48% expressed CD90, suggesting that the majority of expanded bmMSCs still retained their differentiation potential. Therefore, the developed microcarrier-based stirred bioreactor culture system is an effective method to generate significant numbers of bmMSCs for potential applications and research studies.

Methanogenesis Affected by the Co-Occurrence of Iron(iii) Oxides and Humic Substances

Li Zhuang,Shungui Zhou 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Exercises of Power in Marketing Channel Dyads - Power Advantage versus Power Disadvantage

Guijun Zhuang,Neil C,Herndon Jr,Nan Zhou 한국마케팅과학회 2005 한국마케팅과학회 학술대회 발표 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Taking the channel dyad as the unit of analysis, this study investigated the impact of channel members’ power on their uses of power in two distinct conditions: in power advantage and in power disadvantage. The study found that channel members" power has a positive impact on their uses of noncoercive power regardless of their relative position in channel dyads; their uses of coercive power are sensitive negatively to their own power in the condition that they are in power advantage, and sensitive negatively to the target members’ power in the condition that they are in power disadvantage. It also finds that the predictions of deterrence theory are partially supported in both the case of power advantage and power disadvantage, while no evidence supports the predictions of conflict spiral theory in either case. One contribution of this study is that the research method and research findings provide a possible explanation for the inconsistent or contradictory empirical findings on the relationship between power and exercises of power.

Passengers’ Behavioral Intentions Towards Congestion: Observational Study of the Entry Restrictions at Traffic Bottleneck

Yifan Zhuang,Xiao dong Zhou,Yong Ni,Lizhong Yang 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.6

Stairs and escalators are usually considered as the commonest bottleneck positions in metro platform. Congestion has taken place constantly due to passengers' selection behaviors between stairs and escalator, which often cause delays and affect the efficiency of transfer stations. Therefore, this study explores this relationship through the effect of clusters in front of escalator on choice behaviors, by conducting a field observation with varying length of entry restrictions during peak hours. The empirical time data of each passenger entering the stairway or escalator were extracted from the videotapes semi-manually. It was found that proper terrain restraints (certain lengths of fence) could optimize the flow rate pattern of stairway and escalator systems and raise the utilization of stairway, because it reduced conflicts and promoted an orderly movement of the pedestrians in front of escalator according to the analysis of the density of pedestrian flow calculated in waiting area. Besides, the percentage of choosing stairs increased with the density, which was in good agreement with the binary logistic model when the fence was 2 m or 2.5 m long. This study implicates that improvement in service quality of pedestrian facilities need to integrate with entry restrictions on congested bottleneck for effective behavior change. The findings of this study would be helpful for concerned authorities in considering the appropriate attributes of pedestrian facilities for improvement, and other related policy measures to make significant promotion of safe, quick and efficient transport infrastructures.

Developing a synergistic approach to engineering education: China’s national policies on university–industry educational collaboration

Tengteng Zhuang,Haitao Zhou 서울대학교 교육연구소 2023 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.24 No.1

This article examines the intents and effects of China’s national policies to promote a synergistic approach to university–industry collaborative education. These policies set out to reduce the academia-industry disconnection for engineering education. Based on document analysis and interviews with various types of stakeholders, the study reveals that China has strived for a synergistic approach to education by strengthening the main-actor role of enterprises, framing a policy support system, incorporating external stakeholders in universities’ governance structures, and building a coordinated framework for a synergistic approach to education. These policies have enhanced enterprises’ motivation to participate in university education, deepened enterprises’ engagement with engineering education at course level, and created an educational innovation ecosystem. Some challenges remain such as the mismatch between course update and technological development, the mismatch between costs and return for faculty members, and difficulty in assessment of outcomes. Overwhelmingly, China has tried exploring a model conducive to the improvement of higher education quality, and the overlapping triple helix model, compared with the statist or laissez-faire patterns, has a more robust effect in galvanizing stakeholders towards their collective goal in the Chinese context.