Eight Inch Wafer-Scale Flexible Polarization-Dependent Color Filters with Ag-TiO₂ Composite Nanowires

Zhao, Zhi-Jun,Lee, Minpyo,Kang, Hyeokjung,Hwang, SoonHyoung,Jeon, Sohee,Park, Namkyoo,Park, Sang-Hu,Jeong, Jun-Ho American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.10

<P>In this study, 8 in. wafer-scale flexible polarization-dependent color filters with Ag-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> composite nanowires have been fabricated using nanoimprint and E-beam evaporation. The filters change their color via a simple rotation of the polarizer. In addition, the color of the filter can be controlled by altering the thickness of the Ag and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanowires deposited on the polymer patterns. Polarization-dependent color filters were realized by selective inhibition of transmission using the plasmonic resonance at the insulator/metal/insulator nanostructure interface, which occurs at particular wavelengths for the transverse magnetic polarizations. Special colors, including purple, blue, green, yellow, and pink, could be obtained with high transmission beyond 65% by varying the thickness of the deposited Ag and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanowires on the periodic polymer pattern under transverse magnetic polarization. In addition, a continuous color change was achieved by varying the polarization angle. Last, numerical simulations were implemented in comparison with the experimental results, and the mechanism was explained. We believe that this simple and cost-effective method can be applied to processes such as anticounterfeiting and holographic imaging as well as to color displays.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Effects of polymer surface energy on morphology and properties of silver nanowire fabricated via nanoimprint and E-beam evaporation

Zhao, Zhi-Jun,Hwang, Soon Hyoung,Jeon, Sohee,Jung, Joo-Yun,Lee, Jihye,Choi, Dae-Geun,Choi, Jun-Hyuk,Park, Sang-Hu,Jeong, Jun-Ho Elsevier 2017 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.420 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, we demonstrate that use of different nanoimprint resins as a polymer pattern has a significant effect on the morphology of silver (Ag) nanowires deposited via an E-beam evaporator. RM-311 and Ormo-stamp resins are chosen as a polymer pattern to form a line with dimensions of width (100nm)×space (100nm)×height (120nm) by using nanoimprint lithography (NIL). Their contact angles are then measured to evaluate their surface energies. In order to compare the properties of the Ag nanowires deposited on the various polymer patterns with different surface energies, hydrophobic surface treatment of the polymer pattern surface is implemented using self-assembled monolayers. In addition, gold and aluminum nanowires are fabricated for comparison with the Ag nanowires, with the differences in the nanowire morphologies being determined by the different atomic properties. The monocrystalline and polycrystalline structures of the various Ag nanowire formations are observed using transmission electron microscopy. In addition, the melting temperatures and optical properties of four kinds of Ag nanowire morphologies deposited on various polymer patterns are evaluated using a hot plate and an ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis) spectrometer, respectively. The results indicate that the morphology of the Ag nanowire determines the melting temperature and the transmission. We believe that these findings will greatly aid the development of NIL, along with physical evaporation and chemical deposition techniques, and will be widely employed in optics, biology, and surface wettability applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ag nanowires with various morphologies deposited on polymer patterns with different surface energies were fabricated via nanoimprint and e-beam evaporation. </LI> <LI> The formation mechanism behind the different morphologies of the Ag nanowires deposited on the polymer patterns with different surface energies was explained and confirmed. </LI> <LI> The morphologies of Ag nanowires have an important effect on their transmission and melting temperature. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effect of substrate reflecting conditions on the curing of UV curable resin layers on aluminum and the formation of surface wavy structures

Zhao, Zhi-Jun,Yang, Jeong-Ho,Li, Xin,Park, Sang-Hu Elsevier 2016 Materials letters Vol.164 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We have investigated the formation of surface wavy structures (wrinkles) depending on the diverse surface conditions of a substrate, and now report the effect of various levels of reflection of incident ultraviolet (UV)-light. UV-curable resin layers with a thickness of 0.15mm were coated on three different surface conditions; transparent glass, fine and rough surface aluminum plate, to compare the formation of wrinkles on each surface. Short irradiations of UV-light for 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30s were exposed, resulting in the weak to full polymerization of the skin of a resin layer, respectively. The wavy structures were formed during thermal curing under room temperature after the short exposure of UV-light. The difference in reflection conditions resulting from the various surface roughnesses of the substrates led to changes in the amounts of polymerization, and the distribution of polymerization intensity through the layer thickness. Due to these different mechanisms, wrinkling shapes were quite distinguished. Through this work, we observed that controllable producing an approximately 33% maximum difference in the line width of wrinkles by using different substrate surface conditions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The effect of a substrate reflection condition was investigated for diverse generation of surface wrinkles. </LI> <LI> It was studied that the fundamental mechanism on formation of wrinkles by weak-polymerization and thermal curing process. </LI> <LI> Irregular line-shapes of wrinkles with a range of 62–92μm in line width were fabricated by using the effect of substrate reflection conditions. </LI> <LI> Contact angle was varied depending on wrinkle shapes from 63° to 76°. </LI> </UL> </P>

Adhesive-Layer-Free and Double-Faced Nanotransfer Lithography for a Flexible Large-Area MetaSurface Hologram

Zhao, Zhi-Jun,Hwang, Soon Hyoung,Kang, Hyeok-Joong,Jeon, Sohee,Bok, Moonjeong,Ahn, Sunggyun,Im, DaJeong,Hahn, Joonku,Kim, Hwi,Jeong, Jun-Ho American Chemical Society 2020 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.12 No.1

<P>Herein, we develop an adhesive-free double-faced nanotransfer lithography (ADNT) technique based on the surface deformation of flexible substrates under the conditions of temperature and pressure control and thus address the challenge of realizing the mass production of large-area nanodevices in the fields of optics, metasurfaces, and holograms. During ADNT, which is conducted on a flexible polymer substrate above its glass transition temperature in the absence of adhesive materials and chemical bonding agents, nanostructures from the polymer stamp are attached to the deformed polymer substrate. Various silicon masters are employed to prove our method applicable to arbitrary nanopatterns, and diverse Ag and Au nanostructures are deposited on polymer molds to demonstrate the wide scope of useable metals. Finally, ADNT is used to (i) produce a flexible large-area hologram on the defect-free poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) film and (ii) fabricate a metasurface hologram and a color filter on the front and back surfaces of the PMMA film, respectively, to realize dual functionality. Thus, it is concluded that the use of ADNT can decrease the fabrication time and cost of high-density nanodevices and facilitate their commercialization.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

RALY RNA Binding Protein-like Reduced Expression is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Cui, Zhi-Wen,Xia, Ye,Ye, Yi-Wang,Jiang, Zhi-Mao,Wang, Ya-Dong,Wu, Jian-Ting,Sun, Liang,Zhao, Jun,Fa, Ping-Ping,Sun, Xiao-Juan,Gui, Yao-Ting,Cai, Zhi-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

The molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) are still unclear. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationships between expression of RALYL and clinical characteristics. In 41 paired samples of ccRCCs and adjacent normal tissues, we used real-time qPCR to evaluate the expression of RALYL mRNA. RALYL protein levels were determined in 146 samples of ccRCC and 37 adjacent normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis was used to explore the relationships between expression of RALYL and the clinical characteristics (gender, age, tumor size, T stage, N stage, M stage, survival times and survival outcome) in ccRCC. In addition, these patients were follow-up period 64 months (range: 4~116months) to investigate the influence on prognosis. We found significantly differences between ccRCC tissues and normal tissues (p<0.001, paired-sample t test) in mRNA levels of RALYL. Immunohistochemistry analyses in 146 ccRCC samples and 37 adjacent normal tissues showed significantly lower RALYL protein levels in ccRCC samples (${\chi}^2$-test, p<0.001), inversely correlating with tumour size (p=0.024), T stage (0.005), N stage (p<0.001) as well as M stage (p=0.019), but not age (p=0.357) and gender (p=0.348). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that people with lower level of RALYL expression had a poorer survival rate than those with a higher level of RALYL expression, significantly different by the log-rank test (p=0.011). Cox regression analysis indicated that RALYL expression (p=0.039), N stage (p=0.008) and distant metastasis (p<0.001) were independent prognosis factors for the overall survival of ccRCC patients. We demonstrated that the expression of RALYL was significantly low in ccRCC and correlated with a poor prognosis in a large number of clinical samples. Our findings showed that RALYL may be a potential therapeutic target as well as a poor prognostic factor.

Metastasis associated genomic aberrations in stage II rectal cancer

Hong Zhao,Zhi-Zhou Shi,Rui Jiang,Dong-Bing Zhao,Hai-Tao Zhou,Jian-Wei Liang,Xin-Yu Bi,Jian-Jun Zhao,Zhi-Yu Li,Jian-Guo Zhou,Zhen Huang,Ye-Fan Zhang,Jian Wang,Xin Xu,Yan Cai,Ming-Rong Wang,Yu Zhang 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.11

Genomic aberrations of rectal carcinoma, especially DNA copy number changes associated with metastasis were largely unclear. We aim to identify the metastasis associated biomarkers in stage II rectal cancer. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumor tissues of stage II rectal carcinoma were analyzed by array-based comparative genomic hybridization, and genomic aberrations were identified by Genomic Workbench and SAM software. Copy number changes and mRNA expressions were validated by Real-time PCR in an independent rectal cancer samples. The results showed that the most frequent gains in stage II rectal cancer were at 1q21.2-q23.1, 3p21.31, 11q12.2-q23.3, 12q24.11-q24.31, 12q13.11-q14.1 and losses in 18q11.2-q23, 17q21.33-q22, 13q31.1-q31.3, 21q21.1-q21.3, 8p23.3-p23.1 and 4q22.1-q23. Twenty-two amplifications and five homozygous deletions were also identified. We further found that S100A1 (1q21.3-q23.1), MCM7 (7q22.1) and JUND (19p13.11) were amplified and overexpressed in stage II rectal cancer. Interestingly, the genomic aberrations affected 14 signaling pathways including VEGF signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism. Most importantly, loss of 13q31.1-q34 and gain of 1q44 were associated with distant metastasis. Our results indicated that these metastasis associated genomic changes may be useful to reveal the pathogenesis of rectal cancer metastasis and identify candidate biomarkers.

Macrophages Promote Coal Tar Pitch Extract-induced Tumorigenesis of BEAS-2B Cells and Tumor Metastasis in Nude Mice Mediated by AP-1

Zhang, Peng,Jin, Yue-Fei,Zhang, Qiao,Wu, Yi-Ming,Wu, Wei-Dong,Yao, Wu,Wu, Yong-Jun,Li, Zhi-Tao,Zhao, Yong,Liu, Yu,Feng, Fei-Fei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.12

Background: We sought to evaluate the role of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) on the promotion of coal tar pitch extract (CTPE)-induced tumorigenesis of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and tumor metastasis in nude mice, and related mechanisms. Materials and Methods: BEAS-2B cells were first treated with 2.4 mg/mL CTPE for 72 hours. After removal of CTPE, the cells were continuously cultured and passaged using trypsin-EDTA. THP-1 cells were used as macrophage-like cells. BEAS-2B cells under different conditions (n=6/group) were injected into the back necks of nude mice, and alterations of tumor xenograft growth, indicative of tumorigenicity, and tumor metastasis were determined. Pathological changes (tumor nests and microvascular lesions) of HE-stained tumor tissues were also evaluated. The expression of AP-1(c-Jun) in xenografts and metastatic tumors was determined using immunohistochemistry. Results: Tumor size and weight in nude mice transplanted with the mixture of CTPE-induced passage 30 BEAS-2B and THP-1 cells (2:1) were increased compared to those from the CTPE-treated BEAS-2B cells at passage 30 alone at different observation time points. Tumor metastasis to lymph nodes and liver was only detected after transplantation of a mixture the two kinds of cells. The numbers of tumor nests and microvascular lesions, and the expression levels of AP-1 (c-Jun) in tumors from the mixture of two kinds of cells were increased apparently in contrast to those in tumor from the CTPE-treated BEAS-2B cells of passage 30 alone. In addition, there was positive correlation between AP-1 (c-Jun) expression level and the number of microvascular lesions, or between AP-1 (c-Jun) expression level and tumor metastasis in these two groups. Conclusions: TAMs not only facilitate tumorigenesis transformation of CTPE-induced BEAS-2B cells, but also promote tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis in nude mice in vivo, which may be mediated by AP-1.

The history source of heated kang in jing ji district’s traditional houses

Zhi Jun Duan,Jian Dai,Zhao Na Dong 국제온돌학회 2016 International Journal of Ondol Vol.9 No.1

From the northern and southern dynasties, undergo tang、song、jin and yuan dynasty, to the Ming and qing dynasties, heated kang is widely used in residential house lay and heating facilities in Beijing and Hebei areas folk house. In this paper, by collating relevant historical facts to follow Beijing and Hebei area is the historical origins of the necessary historical explanation.

MULTI-EPOCH MULTI-FREQUENCY VLBI STUDY OF THE PARSEC-SCALE JET IN THE BLAZAR 3C 66A

Zhao, Guang-Yao,Chen, Yong-Jun,Shen, Zhi-Qiang,Sudou, Hiroshi,Iguchi, Satoru American Institute of Physics 2015 The Astronomical journal Vol.149 No.2

<P>We present observational results of the &ggr;-ray blazar 3C 66A at 2.3, 8.4, and 22 GHz at four epochs during 2004–2005 with the VLBA. The resulting images show an overall core-jet structure extending roughly to the south, with two intermediate breaks occurring in the region near the core. By model-fitting to the visibility data, the northmost component, which is also the brightest, is identified as the core according to its relatively flat spectrum and its compactness. Combining our results with previous results to investigate the proper motions of the jet components, we found the kinematics of 3C 66A to be quite complicated, with components of inward and outward, subluminal and superluminal motions all detected in the radio structure. The superluminal motions indicate strong Doppler boosting exists in the jet. The apparent inward motions of the innermost components last for at least 10 years and could not be caused by newborn components. A possible reason could be non-stationarity of the core due to opacity change.</P>

Associations of hypoxia inducible factor-1a gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to digestive tract cancers: a case–control study and meta-analysis

Zhi-Hai Ni,Xian-Jun Liang,Jing-Gang Mo,Yi Zhang,Jian-Hua Liang,Yu-Sha Yang,Yong Zhou,Zhao-Hua Li,Jian-Liang Zhang,Yin-Lu Ding,Peng Zhang,Jin-Qing Wang 한국유전학회 2015 Genes & Genomics Vol.37 No.11

We aim to investigate the correlations of hypoxia inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a) C1772T (rs11549465) and G1790A (rs11549467) gene polymorphisms with digestive tract cancers. A sum of 267 digestive tract cancers patients were hospitalized in Taizhou Central Hospital of Zhejiang Province as case group between December 2012 and December 2014. Additionally, 275 healthy people who had a physical examination in our hospital at the same time were selected as control group. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was utilized for detecting allele and genotype frequency of different locus in case and control group. Meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Metaanalysis 2.0 (Biostat Inc., Englewood, New Jersey, USA). Our result showed statistical significance only exists in family history of cancer between case and control group (P\0.05). Both C1772T (rs11549465) and G1790A (rs11549467) polymorphisms showed positive correlations with an increasing risk of digestive tract cancers. The frequencies of TT genotype of C1772T (rs11549465) and GA, AA genotypes of G1790A (rs11549467) polymorphisms in case group were evidently higher compared with the controls (all P\0.05). Besides, the comparison of allele and dominant models of HIF-1a C1772T (rs11549465) and G1790A (rs11549467) between two groups showed a significant difference (all P\0.05). Meta-analysis results further confirmed that the onset risk of digestive tract cancers may be improved under allele and dominant models of HIF-1a C1772T (rs11549465) and G1790A (rs11549467) (all P\0.05). Single nucleotide polymorphisms of HIF-1a C1772T (rs11549465) and G1790A (rs11549467) may play a role in development of digestive tract cancers.