FLOURY ENDOSPERM8, encoding the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 1, affects the synthesis and structure of starch in rice endosperm

Wuhua Long,Bangning Dong,Yihua Wang,Pengyi Pan,Yunlong Wang,Linglong Liu,Xiaoli Chen,Xi Liu,Shijia Liu,Yunlu Tian,Liangming Chen,Jianmin Wan 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.5

Cereal opaque-kernel mutants are ideal geneticmaterials for studying the mechanism of starch biosynthesisand amyloplast development. Here we isolated and identifiedtwo allelic floury endosperm 8 (flo8) mutants of rice, namedflo8-1 and flo8-2. In the flo8 mutant, the starch content wasdecreased and the normal physicochemical features ofstarch were altered. Map-based cloning and subsequentDNA sequencing analysis revealed a single nucleotidesubstitution and an 8-bp insertion occurred in UDP-glucosepyrophosphorylase 1 (Ugp1) gene in flo8-1 and flo8-2,respectively. Complementation of the flo8-1 mutant restorednormal seed appearance by expressing full length codingsequence of Ugp1. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that Ugp1was ubiquitously expressed. Mutation caused the decreasedUGPase activity and affected the expression of most of genesassociated with starch biosynthesis. Meanwhile, western blotand enzyme activity analyses showed the comparability ofprotein levels and enzyme activity of most tested starchbiosynthesis related genes. Our results demonstrate thatUgp1 plays an important role for starch biosynthesis in riceendosperm.

Research on a Spectral Reconstruction Method with Noise Tolerance

Yunlong Ye,Jianqi Zhang,Delian Liu,Yixin Yang 한국광학회 2021 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.5 No.5

As a new type of spectrometer, that based on filters with different transmittance features attracts a lot of attention for its advantages such as small-size, low cost, and simple optical structure. It uses post-processing algorithms to achieve target spectrum reconstruction; therefore, the performance of the spectrometer is severely affected by noise. The influence of noise on the spectral reconstruction results is studied in this paper, and suggestions for solving the spectral reconstruction problem under noisy conditions are given. We first list different spectral reconstruction methods, and through simulations demonstrate that these methods show unsatisfactory performance under noisy conditions. Then we propose to apply the gradient projection for sparse reconstruction (GRSR) algorithm to the spectral reconstruction method. Simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly reduce the influence of noise on the spectral reconstruction process. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the spectral reconstruction results is dramatically improved. Therefore, the practicality of the filter-based spectrometer will be enhanced.

Cyclic tests on RC joints retrofitted with pre-stressed steel strips and bonded steel plates

Yunlong Yu,Yong Yang,Yicong Xue,Niannian Wang,Yaping Liu 국제구조공학회 2020 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.75 No.6

An innovative retrofit method using pre-stressed steel strips and externally-bonded steel plates was presented in this paper. With the aim of exploring the seismic performance of the retrofitted RC interior joints, four 1/2-scale retrofitted joint specimens together with one control specimen were designed and subjected to constant axial compression and cyclic loading, with the main test parameters being the volume of steel strips and the existence of externally-bonded steel plates. The damage mechanism, force-displacement hysteretic response, force-displacement envelop curve, energy dissipation and displacement ductility ratio were analyzed to investigate the cyclic behavior of the retrofitted joints. The test results indicated that all the test specimens suffered a typical shear failure at the joint core, and the application of externally-bonded steel plates and that of pre-stressed steel strips could effectively increase the lateral capacity and deformability of the deficient RC interior joints, respectively. The best cyclic behavior could be found in the deficient RC interior joint retrofitted using both externally-bonded steel plates and pre-stressed steel strips due to the increased lateral capacity, displacement ductility and energy dissipation. Finally, based on the test results and the softened strut and tie model, a theoretical model for determining the shear capacity of the retrofitted specimens was proposed and validated.

Shear behavior and shear capacity prediction of precast concrete-encased steel beams

Yunlong Yu,Yong Yang,Yicong Xue,Yaping Liu 국제구조공학회 2020 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.36 No.3

A novel precast concrete-encased steel composite beam, which can be abbreviated as PCES beam, is introduced in this paper. In order to investigate the shear behavior of this PCES beam, a test of eight full-scale PCES beam specimens was carried out, in which the specimens were subjected to positive bending moment or negative bending moment, respectively. The factors which affected the shear behavior, such as the shear span-to-depth aspect ratio and the existence of concrete flange, were taken into account. During the test, the load-deflection curves of the test specimens were recorded, while the crack propagation patterns together with the failure patterns were observed as well. From the test results, it could be concluded that the tested PCES beams could all exhibit ductile shear behavior, and the innovative shear connectors between the precast concrete and cast-in-place concrete, namely the precast concrete transverse diaphragms, were verified to be effective. Then, based on the shear deformation compatibility, a theoretical model for predicting the shear capacity of the proposed PCES beams was put forward and verified to be valid with the good agreement of the shear capacities calculated using the proposed method and those from the experiments. Finally, in order to facilitate the preliminary design in practical applications, a simplified calculation method for predicting the shear capacity of the proposed PCES beams was also put forward and validated using available test results.

Microwave Sintering of Graphene-Nanoplatelet-Reinforced Al₂O₃-based Composites

Ai, Yunlong,Liu, Ying,Zhang, Qiuyu,Gong, Yuxing,He, Wen,Zhang, Jianjun The Korean Ceramic Society 2018 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.55 No.6

In this study, we performed a microwave sintering (MWS) of $Al_2O_3$ ceramic and $Al_2O_3$-based composites with nominal contents of graphene nanoplatelets (GPLs) of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 vol%. The GPL dispersion in N-methyl pyrroleketone was optimized to deagglomerate the GPLs without damaging their structure. Dense composites were then obtained by MWS at $1500^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. The effects of different GPL contents on the phase compositions, microstructures, and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The microstructures of the composites became finer with the incorporation of the GPLs. The well-dispersed GPL fillers led to higher sintered densities in the composites. The optimal mechanical properties were achieved with 0.4 vol% GPLs. For this sample, the hardness, fracture toughness, and bending strength were $2000kgf/mm^2$, $6.19MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$, and 365.10 MPa, respectively. The addition of GPL could improve the microstructure of the $Al_2O_3$ ceramic and has potential to improve the fracture toughness of the ceramics.

Admission Control for Aggregate Flow in Cloud Computing

Yanbing Liu,Yunlong He,Jun Huang 보안공학연구지원센터(IJGDC) 2014 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.7 No.2

Toward the multiscale nature of stress corrosion cracking

Xiaolong Liu,황웅기,박재웅,반동현,Yunlong Chang,이승환,김성엽,한상수,이보영 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.1

This article reviews the multiscale nature of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) observed by high-resolutioncharacterizations in austenite stainless steels and Ni-base superalloys in light water reactors (includingboiling water reactors, pressurized water reactors, and supercritical water reactors) with related opinions. A new statistical summary and comparison of observed degradation phenomena at different lengthscales is included. The intrinsic causes of this multiscale nature of SCC are discussed based on existingevidence and related opinions, ranging from materials theory to practical processing technologies. Questions of interest are then discussed to improve bottom-up understanding of the intrinsic causes. Last, a multiscale modeling and simulation methodology is proposed as a promising interdisciplinarysolution to understand the intrinsic causes of the multiscale nature of SCC in light water reactors, basedon a review of related supporting application evidence

Heat transfer enhancement in gas tungsten arc welding using azimuthal magnetic fields generated by external current

Kim, Yiseul,Lee, Jaewook,Liu, Xiaolong,Lee, Boyoung,Chang, Yunlong 테크노프레스 2016 Multiscale and multiphysics mechanics Vol.1 No.1

This paper proposes the idea to enhance the heat transfer in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) by using the azimuthal magnetic field. The azimuthal magnetic field generated by the external currents makes the Lorentz force stronger, and consequently improves the heat transfer by the faster flow movement. The enhanced heat transfer might improve the welding performance by increasing the temperature at the workpiece. To validate the proposed idea, a two-dimensional axi-symmetric model of GTAW is built, and the multiphysics simulation of GTAW is carried out. As the analysis result, the distributions of electric current, electromagnetic fields, arc flow velocity, and temperature are investigated. Then, the proposed idea for heat transfer enhancement is validated by comparing the Lorentz force, flow velocity, and temperature distribution with and without azimuthal magnetic fields.

A rapid and quantitative fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic strip test for detection of antibodies to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Yanqiu Wei,Baozhi Yang,Yunlong Li,Yongcheng Duan,Deyu Tian,Baoxiang He,Chuangfu Chen,Wenjun Liu,Limin Yang 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.4

A fluorescent microsphere-based immunochromatographic strip test (FICT) was developed for the rapid, sensitive, and quantitative detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) antibodies at the pen-side. The assay was based on the formation of a sandwich immune-complex (anti-pig IgG-PRRSV antibodies-NSP7/N), which was validated by a comparison with IDEXX-ELISA using 3325 clinical specimens. The diagnostic specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of FICT were 97.28, 93.41, and 94.95%, respectively. FICT showed a good correlation with the virus neutralization assay. Overall, a promising pen-side diagnostic tool was developed for the rapid and quantitative detection of PRRSV antibodies within 15 min.

Heat transfer enhancement in gas tungsten arc welding using azimuthal magnetic fields generated by external current

Kim, Yiseul,Lee, Jaewook,Liu, Xiaolong,Lee, Boyoung,Chang, Yunlong Techno-Press 2017 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.6 No.2

This paper proposes the idea to enhance the heat transfer in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) by using the azimuthal magnetic field. The azimuthal magnetic field generated by the external currents makes the Lorentz force stronger, and consequently improves the heat transfer by the faster flow movement. The enhanced heat transfer might improve the welding performance by increasing the temperature at the workpiece. To validate the proposed idea, a two-dimensional axi-symmetric model of GTAW is built, and the multiphysics simulation of GTAW is carried out. As the analysis result, the distributions of electric current, electromagnetic fields, arc flow velocity, and temperature are investigated. Then, the proposed idea for heat transfer enhancement is validated by comparing the Lorentz force, flow velocity, and temperature distribution with and without azimuthal magnetic fields.