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Tetsuta Kubo,Tetsuya K. Matsumoto,Yuko Miyazaki,Okihito Yano 국립중앙과학관 2024 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.17 No.1
Effective pollinators of Arisaema nambae Kitam., endemic to western Okayama and eastern Hiroshimaprefectures, western Japan, were determined, and 113 insects from 24 spathes of A. nambae in threepopulations in Okayama Prefecture were collected. Most floral visitors were fungus gnats (Mycetophi lidae and Sciaridae). Their maximum body width was less than the internal diameter (ca. 2 mm) of theexit at the bottom of the staminate spathe. Pollen grains of Arisaema attached to the bodies of fungusgnats collected from pistillate spathes provided evidence that they visited the pistillate spathe afterescaping from staminate spathes. Based on their visitation frequency, size compatibility between theirbody and the exit from the staminate spathes and the pollen loads they carry, fungus gnats appear to playan important role in the pollination of A. nambae.
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( Toshiyuki Sato ),( Tetsuya Takagawa ),( Yoichi Kakuta ),( Akihiro Nishio ),( Mikio Kawai ),( Koji Kamikozuru ),( Yoko Yokoyama ),( Yuko Kita ),( Takako Miyazaki ),( Masaki Iimuro ),( Nobuyuki Hida ) 대한장연구학회 2017 Intestinal Research Vol.15 No.3
Background/Aims: Recent genome-wide analyses have provided strong evidence concerning adverse events caused by thiopurine drugs such as azathioprine (AZA) and 6-mercaptopurine. The strong associations identified between NUDT15 p.Arg139Cys and thiopurine-induced leukopenia and severe hair loss have been studied and confirmed over the last 2 years. However, other coding variants, including NUDT15 p.Val18_Val19insGlyVal, NUDT15 p.Val18Ile, and FTO p.Ala134Thr, and a noncoding variation in RUNX1 (rs2834826) remain to be examined in detail in this respect. Therefore, we investigated the correlation between these adverse events and the 5 recently identified variants mentioned above among Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Methods: One hundred sixty thiopurine-treated patients with IBD were enrolled. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays or Sanger sequencing. Results: None of the 5 variants were associated with gastrointestinal intolerance to AZA. However, NUDT15 p.Arg139Cys was significantly associated with the interval between initiation and discontinuation of AZA among patients with gastrointestinal intolerance. This variant was strongly associated with early (<8 weeks) and late (≥8 weeks) leukopenia and severe hair loss. Moreover, it correlated with the interval between initiation of thiopurine therapy and leukopenia occurrence, and average thiopurine dose. NUDT15 p.Val18_Val19insGlyVal, NUDT15 p.Val18Ile, FTO p.Ala134Thr, and RUNX1 rs2834826 exhibited no significant relationship with the adverse events examined. Conclusions: Of the 5 variants investigated, NUDT15 p.Arg139Cys had the strongest impact on thiopurineinduced leukopenia and severe hair loss; therefore, its genotyping should be prioritized over that of other variants in efforts to predict these adverse events in Japanese patients with IBD. (Intest Res 2017;15:328-337)
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