Poster Session : PS-1552 ; COPD : Experience of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with COPD in Regional Pulmonary Center

( Yu Hui Won ),( Jin Young Chun ),( Sung Hee Park ),( Jeong Hwan Seo ),( Myoung Hwan Ko ),( Yong Chul Lee ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has been demonstrated to reduce dyspnea, increase exercise capacity, and improve quality of life in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We report our experiences to operate PR program of COPD in our PR clinic which belongs to Regional Pulmonary Center in Chon-Buk area. Methods: From March to June 2014, hospital records of patients in our PR clinic were reviewed retrospectively. For inpatients program, initial assessment were done by rehabilitation physician and individualized PR programs were prescribed considering patient`s exercise capacity. PR program included aerobic exercise for 30 minutes, resistance training using elastic bandage, breathing retraining (diaphragmatic and pursed lip breathing), device training for secretion management using acapella, fiutter, PEP device, and VEST (high frequency chest wall oscillation), and respiratory muscle training. Outpatient`s PR program was conducted as hospital based PR or home based PR for 8 weeks. Results: In our PR clinic, among total 154 patients who were consulted for PR, 84 (54.5%) was COPD with acute exacerbation (AE) (Table 1). No serious complications were developed during PR program. Eighteen patients (11.7%) refused to practice PR due to personal reasons. For outpatient clinic, eighteen (56.3%) of 32 stable COPD patients were included (Table 1). Characteristics for COPD patients who received PR program were described in Table 2. Among these COPD patients, 34.3% performed hospital based PR, 34.3% home based PR, 20% home-based PR with weekly or every two weeks hospital visit, and 11.4% was missed follow up. Conclusions: For 4 months, patients who underwent PR were gradually increased. Since PR program has been accepted essential, non-medical treatment for COPD, PR should be included to COPD treatment. Also, korean researches about clinical benefits of COPD management would be necessary to settle down PR in Korea.

Sequential Conjugation of 6-Aminohexanoic Acids and L-Arginines to Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer to Modify Hydrophobicity and Flexibility of the Polymeric Gene Carrier

Yu, Gwang-Sig,Yu, Ha-Na,Choe, Yun-Hui,Son, Sang-Jae,Ha, Tai-Hwan,Choi, Joon-Sig Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.2

We synthesized a novel cationic dendrimer consisting of a poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM, generation 4) backbone with both L-arginine (Arg) at the termini and 6-aminohexanoic acid (Ahx) between the original core polymer and the peripheral Arg units. The sequential chemical modification of PAMAM G4 with Ahx and Arg resulted in higher transfection efficiency with much less cytotoxicity. PAMAM G4-Ahx-Arg formed stable polyplexes at weight ratios of 8:1 or higher (polymer: plasmid DNA), and the mean polyplex diameter was $180{\pm}20nm$. PAMAM G4-Ahx-Arg showed much higher transfection ability than PAMAM G4 or PAMAM G4-Ahx. Furthermore, PAMAM G4-Ahx-Arg was much less cytotoxic than PEI25KD and PAMAM G4-Arg. In addition to Arg grafting of the PAMAM dendrimer, which endows a higher transfection capability, the addition of Ahx spacer increased dendrimer hydrophobicity, introduced flexibility into the conjugated amino acids, and reduced cytotoxicity. Overall, it appears that the concomitant modification of PAMAM with Ahx and Arg could lead to new PAMAM conjugates with better performances.

Content Characteristics of Mobile-linked Online Games and Linkage Model for MMOPRG-based Mobile Online Games

Hui Beom Yu,Jung Hwan Sung 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.5

Along with the growth of the mobile game market, various and significant changes are taking place in terms of the game development environment, open policy, and genre. As one such change, “mobile-linked online games,” i.e., mobile games linked with online PC games, have appeared. The term linkage indicates that games, which were once independent of each other, have become connected through the linking of game data across mobile, console, PC, and Web platforms; this goes beyond the concept of a cross-platform, in which the same games are simply built on different platforms. A mobile platform developed for linking is obviously central to mobile-linked online games. Many linked online games are being produced on the mobile platform. However, in the case of online PC games, whose contents were originally developed for the PC platform, such as MMORPG (Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games), the method and purpose of their linkage differ. This paper systematically classifies mobile-linked online games into three types: mid-core, hardcore, and casual games. In addition, this paper reveals the characteristics and purpose of the online linking method for mobile-linked MMORPGs (a MMOPRG is a typical hardcore type game). Furthermore, the mobile linkage model for MMORPGs is defined by the PVE and PVP contents.

Gate-tunable phase transitions in thin flakes of 1T-TaS2.

Yu, Yijun,Yang, Fangyuan,Lu, Xiu Fang,Yan, Ya Jun,Cho, Yong-Heum,Ma, Liguo,Niu, Xiaohai,Kim, Sejoong,Son, Young-Woo,Feng, Donglai,Li, Shiyan,Cheong, Sang-Wook,Chen, Xian Hui,Zhang, Yuanbo Nature Pub. Group 2015 Nature nanotechnology Vol.10 No.3

<P>The ability to tune material properties using gating by electric fields is at the heart of modern electronic technology. It is also a driving force behind recent advances in two-dimensional systems, such as the observation of gate electric-field-induced superconductivity and metal-insulator transitions. Here, we describe an ionic field-effect transistor (termed an iFET), in which gate-controlled Li ion intercalation modulates the material properties of layered crystals of 1T-TaS2. The strong charge doping induced by the tunable ion intercalation alters the energetics of various charge-ordered states in 1T-TaS2 and produces a series of phase transitions in thin-flake samples with reduced dimensionality. We find that the charge-density wave states in 1T-TaS2 collapse in the two-dimensional limit at critical thicknesses. Meanwhile, at low temperatures, the ionic gating induces multiple phase transitions from Mott-insulator to metal in 1T-TaS2 thin flakes, with five orders of magnitude modulation in resistance, and superconductivity emerges in a textured charge-density wave state induced by ionic gating. Our method of gate-controlled intercalation opens up possibilities in searching for novel states of matter in the extreme charge-carrier-concentration limit.</P>

Large Scale Fabrication of Single-Crystal CuO Nanoplatelets Using a Template-Free Hydrothermal Approach

( Hui Yu Chen ),( Sung Min Park ),( Jong Hak Lee ),( Xian Hui Meng ),( Dong Wook Shin ),( Ji Beom Yoo ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2008 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.4 No.4

This paper reports the large scale production of CuO nanoplatelets with smooth surface using a simple hydrothermal method in a water and ethanol solution without any templates or additives. The micro-structure and morphology of the CuO nanoplatelets were examined by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The CuO nanoplatelets were monoclinic, and their length and width ranged from 100 to 300 nm and 80 to 120 nm, respectively. A possible growth mechanism for the formation of CuO nanoplatelets was proposed. The volume ratio of ethanol in the solution was found to be a critical effect on the CuO morphology during the hydrothermal stage. The band gap of the CuO nanoplatelets was estimated to be 2.13 eV from the UV-vis spectra.

Outcomes of Rate-Control Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure — A Nationwide Cohort Study —

Yu, Hee Tae,Yang, Pil-Sung,Lee, Hancheol,You, Seng Chan,Kim, Tae-Hoon,Uhm, Jae-Sun,Kim, Jong-Youn,Pak, Hui-Nam,Lee, Moon-Hyoung,652, Boyoung Joung UNKNOWN 2018 CIRCULATION JOURNAL Vol.82 No.3

<P>Conclusions: Use of beta-blockers was associated with a reduced mortality rate for AF patient with HF but not for those without HF. These findings should be examined in a large randomized trial.</P>

춘천지역 모유 중 폴리브롬화디페닐에테르(PBDEs)의 이성체별 분포특성과 노출경로

Sung-Ug We(위성욱),In-Cheon Baek(백인천),Sang-Ah Park(박상아),Seong-Hoon Kang(강성훈),Yu-Jin Cho(조유진),Bong-Hui Cho(조봉회),Cho-Hee Yoon(윤조희),Ki-Ho Kim(김기호),Byung-Yoon Min(민병윤) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.3

본 연구는 비교적 청정한 지역인 춘천시에 거주하는 일반인 모유 중 PBDEs의 노출 경로를 확인하기 위해 처음으로 시도된 연구이다. 본 연구지역의 모유 중 ∑PBDEs의 수준은 북아메리카지역에 비하여 낮은 수준이었으나 일부 아시아, 유럽국가와 유사하였다. 모유 내 PBDEs의 축적은 산모의 특성과 상관관계가 나타나지 않았으나, 상업용 PBDEs 제품을 포함하여 여러 복합적 인자에 의하여 노출되고 있었으며, 식품 섭취와 같은 식이노출은 한국인에 있어 중요한 노출 경로의 하나로 판단되었다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 한국인의 PBDEs 노출 경로 파악에 중요한 정보를 제공하여, 장차 PBDEs 및 관련 브롬계 난연제의 노출에 따른 인체 위해성 평가를 수행함에 있어 중요한 참고자료가 될 것이다. 또한, 한국 내의 PBDEs에 대한 인체노출 경로를 명확하게 하기 위한 연구는 계속적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다. This study was carried out to investigate the exposure pathway of PBDEs in human breast milk collected from new mothers residing in Chuncheon, a comparatively clean area in Korea. The congeners of PBDE in 22 human breast milk samples were analyzed using a high resolution gas chromatography with a high resolution mass detector. The residue level of ΣPBDEs was higher in primipara subjects than in multipara subjects (p<0.05). The levels in this study were similar to those of people in some Asian and European countries, but were lower than those of people in north America. In the congener profiles, BDE-47 (mean contribution=36.1%) was predominant, followed by BDE-153 (27%), BDE-99 (11.7%), BDE-100 (11.1%), BDE-28 (7.9%) and BDE-183 (3.5%). The sum of BDE-47 and BDE-153 accounted for more than 50% of ΣPBDEs in most samples. BDE-47 was highly correlated with ΣPBDEs (r=0.94, p<0.001). No strong trend was observed between PBDE levels and a number of key biological factors (women’s age, weight, height and body mass index) examined in this study, however, weak correlations were observed in PBDE levels measured against dietary habits, particularly in fish consumption frequency. It seems that Korean people might be exposed to multiple sources including products of PBDEs, and particularly food resources.

장류 및 젓갈 분리 균주 추출물의 비만세포 매개 항염증효과

Yu-Jin Ko(고유진),Hui-Hun Kim(김희훈),Eun-Jung Kim(김은정),Jin-Yong Kim(김진용),Sang-Dong Kang(강상동),Yong-Hwi Son(손용휘),Sin-Yang Choi(최신양),Seong-Kwan Cha(차성관),Jong-Won Kim(김종원),Jeong-Ok Lee(이정옥),Chung-Ho Ryu(류충호) 한국생명과학회 2011 생명과학회지 Vol.21 No.3

본 연구에서 장류 및 젓갈 유래 균체를 각각 sonication, 100℃에서 30 min, 125℃에서 15 min의 조건으로 추출하여 HMC-1에 처리하였을 때, 이 추출방법에 따른 HMC-1매개 염증반응 억제효과를 조사하였다. 추출방법을 달리하여 추출한 장류 및 젓갈 유래 균체 J80, G147이 HMC-1생존율에 미치는 영향은 대조구 B (Not treated)와 비교하였을 때 86~96%로 유의적 차이를 보이지 않아 장류 및 젓갈 유래 균체에 의한 세포 독성은 나타나지 않았다. 장류 및 젓갈 유래 균체의 모든 전처리구에서 histamine 유리 억제효과를 나타내었으며 특히, 100℃에서 30min 동안 가열하였을 때 histamine 억제율이 J80에서 28.86%, G147에서 41.14%으로 가장 높게 나타냈다. IL-8분비량은 J80, G147의 모든 전처리구에서 IL-8 분비억제효과가 나타났으며, J80의 경우 100℃, 30 min에서 처리한구에서 분비량이 0.78 ng/㎖로 대조구 B (Not treated)에 비하여 약 28.45%의 분비억제효과로 가장 높게 나타내었다. G147의 경우 125℃, 15 min에서 처리한 구에서 분비량이 0.73 ng/㎖로 약 36.52%의 분비억제효과로 가장 높게 나타내었다. IL-6 분비량을 측정한 결과 J80, G147의 모든 실험구에서 IL-6 분비억제효과가 나타났으며, J80에서는 100℃, 30 min한 D구의 분비량이 0.40 ng/㎖으로 대조구 B (Not treated)에 비하여 약 38.46%의 분비억제효과로 가장 높았으며, G147 역시 100℃, 30 min 동안 처리한 D구의 분비량이 0.27 ng/㎖으로 대조구 B (Not treated)에 비하여 56.45%의 분비억제효과로 가장 높게 나타냈다. TNF-α 분비량 역시 IL-6와 마찬가지로 J80, G147에서 대조구 B보다 낮은 분비량으로 TNF-α 분비 억제효과가 나타났으며 J80의 경우 100℃, 30 min 처리한 D의 TNF-α 분비량이 0.052 ng/㎖으로 66.67%의 분비억제효과로 가장 높았으며, G147의 경우 sonication을 처리한 C구의 TNF-α 분비량이 0.086 ng/㎖으로 41.1%의 분비억제효과로 다른 구에 비해 높은 억제효과를 나타내었다. 위의 결과를 통해서 장류 및 젓갈 유래 균체의 3가지 전처리 방법 중 100℃, 30 min 처리 시 염증 반응 억제 효과가 가장 높을 것으로 예상된다. 결과를 미루어보아 장류를 섭취하는 대표적인 방법인 가열하여 찌개로 조리과정 중장류 및 젓갈 속의 균체가 열에 가열되면서 염증억제효과 높일 수 있는 가장 좋은 조리 방법으로 사료되며, 이는 대중들이 가장 가깝게 염증반응 억제효과를 볼 수 있는 식품일 것이다. 또한 염장처리과정만을 거친 젓갈을 섭취하는 것보다 열처리과정을 거친 젓갈을 섭취할 경우 염증억제효과를 더 높일 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. The mast cell is one of the major effector cells in inflammatory reactions and can be found in most tissues throughout the body. Activated mast cells can produce histamine, as well as a wide variety of other inflammatory mediators such as eicosanoids, proteoglycans, proteases, and several pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukins (IL-6), IL-8, IL-4, IL-13. In the present study, we isolated two bacterial strains (J80 and G147) from fermented soybean and Jeotgal,and investigated the inhibitory effects of their extracts which were prepared by several pretreatment methods (sonication for 20 min, heating at 100℃ for 30 min, autoclaving at 121℃ for 15 min) on the mast cell-mediated inflammatory response. The pretreated bacterial extracts had no cytotoxicity against Human Mast Cell (HMC-1). Among various pretreatments, the extracts treated at 100℃ showed highest inhibition of histamine release (J80, 28.46%; G147, 41.14%). The J80 and G147 extracts treated at 100℃ resulted in the inhibition of IL-6 secretion by 38.46% and 56.45%, respectively. The J80 extract treated at 100℃ resulted in the inhibition of TNF-α secretion by 66.67%, but G147 extract showed the highest inhibition effect by 41.1% when treated with sonication. These results suggest that bacterial extracts treated at 100℃ have a higher level of anti-inflammatory effects than other treatments such as sonication or autoclaving.

참다래 와인의 최적 malolactic fermentation 조건과 품질 특성

Sang-Dong Kang(강상동),Yu-Jin Ko(고유진),Eun-Jung Kim(김은정),Yong-Hwi Son(손용휘),Jin-Yong Kim(김진용),Hui-Gyeong Seol(설희경),Ig-Jo Kim(김익조),Hyoun-Kook Cho(조현국),Chung-Ho Ryu(류충호) 한국생명과학회 2011 생명과학회지 Vol.21 No.4

본 연구에서는 참다래를 이용하여 국내산 과실 특유의 강한 산미를 감소시켜 고품질 참다래 와인을 제조하기 위하여 MLF 에 의한 산도 및 malic acid 감소 효과를 연구하였다. MLF가 진행됨에 따라 모든 실험구에서 당도가 점차 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며 25℃에서 발효한 참다래 와인의 당도가 5.90 °Brix로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 총산함량은 발효 전 0.96%에서 발효 20일 후 0.75~0.79%로 모든 실험구에서 발효가 진행됨에 따라 총산 함량이 감소하였으나 발효 온도에 따른 유의적 차이는 없었다. 참다래 와인의 malic acid 함량은 MLF가 진행됨에 따라 감소하였으며 25℃에서 발효시킬 경우 0.05 ㎎/㎖로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 참다래 와인의 초기 pH에 따른 malic acid 함량 변화를 확인한 결과 pH 2.5 실험구에서는 큰 변화를 보이지 않았으며, pH 4.5에서는 발효 완료 시 0.55 ㎎/㎖로 검출되어 약 85% 감소하였다. 또한 초기 pH 3.5로 조절한 실험구는 발효기간이 경과함에 따라 malic acid함량이 급격히 감소하여 발효 완료시 매우 낮게 나타났다. MLF에 의한 malic acid와 lactic acid 함량을 조사한 결과 O. oeni를 첨가하여 MLF를 실시한 실험구의 malic acid는 급격히 감소하여 14일 후에 0.08 ㎎/㎖로 나타났으며 lactic acid의 함량은 점점 증가하여 발효 16일에 3.15 ㎎/㎖로 나타났다. 초기 pH를 3.5로 조절하고 25℃에서 15일간 발효시킨 참다래 와인의 품질특성을 조사한 결과 총산 함량은 0.78%로 대조구의 0.96%보다 다소 낮게 나타났으며 pH는 3.70로 MLF를 실시하지 않은 대조구의 3.45 보다 높게 나타났다. 또한 알코올 함량은 12.75%, 총당 38.72 ㎎/㎖, 총폴리페놀 60.18 ㎎/㎖로 대부분 큰 차이는 보이지 않았다. Oxalic acid는 0.69 ㎎/㎖로 대조구와 유사하게 나타났으며 강한 신맛을 내는 malic acid는 대조구에 비해 크게 감소하여 0.06 ㎎/㎖로 나타났다. 반면 lactic acid는 대조구보다 4.5배 많은 3.12 ㎎/㎖로 나타났고 citric acid는 대조구와 유사한 0.26 ㎎/㎖로 나타났다. 관능평가 결과 MLF를 실시한 와인이 대조구 와인에 비해 떫은맛을 제외한 모든 부분에서 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 신맛과 전체적 기호도에서 3.8±0.5와 3.9±04로 대조구의 3.5±0.6과 3.5±0.5보다 높게 나타났다. 결과적으로 고품질의 참다래 와인을 제조하기 위한 MLF의 최적 조건은 초기pH 3.5로 조절한 후 MLF 균주인 O. oeni (1×10? CFU/㎖)를 첨가하여 25℃에서 발효시키는 것이 가장 적합할 것으로 생각된다. Maloactic fermentation (MLF) occurs after completion of alcoholic fermentation and is mediated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), mainly Oenococcus oeni. Kiwi wine more than commercial grape wine has the problem of high acidity. Therefore, we investigated the optimal MLF conditions for regulating strong acidity and improving the quality properties of wine fermented with Kiwi fruit cultivated in Korea. For alcohol fermentation, industrial wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCCM 12650 strains and LAB, known as MLF strains, were used to alleviate wine acidity. First, the various experimental conditions of Kiwi fruit, initial pH (2.5, 3.5, 4.5), fermenting temperature (20, 25, 30℃), and sugar contents (24 °Brix), were adjusted, and after the fermentation period, we measured the acidity, pH, and the change in organic acid content by the AOAC method and HPLC analysis. The alcohol content of fermented Kiwi wine was 12.75%. Further, total acidity and pH of Kiwi wine were 0.78% and 3.5, respectively. Total sugar and total polyphenol contents of Kiwi wine were 38.72 ㎎/㎖ and 60.18 ㎎/㎖, respectively. With regard to organic acid content, the control contained 0.63 ㎎/㎖ of oxalic acid, 2.99 ㎎/㎖ of malic acid, and 0.71 ㎎/㎖ of lactic acid, whereas MLF wine contained 0.69 ㎎/㎖ of oxalic acid, 0.06 ㎎/㎖ of malic acid, and 3.12 ㎎/㎖ of lactic acid. Kiwi wine had lower malic acid values and total acidity than control after MLF processing. In MLF, the optimum initial pH value and fermentation temperature were 3.5 and 25℃, respectively. Therefore, these studies suggest that establishment of optimal MLF conditions could improve the properties of Kiwi wine manufactured in Korea.

Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Emergency Care Utilization in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: a Nationwide Population-based Study

Sung Ho Kyung,Paik Jin Hui,Lee Yu Jin,Kang Soo 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.16

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted various aspects of daily living and has influenced the life of every individual in a unique way. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality; thus, timely treatment is crucial to prevent poor prognosis. Therefore, an immediate emergency department (ED) visit is required; however, no domestic studies have reported the effect of COVID-19 on ED visits by patients with AMI. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the changes in the pattern of ED visits by patients with AMI by comparing visits during the COVID-19 outbreak period to those during two control periods. Methods: This nationwide, retrospective study used registry data of the National Emergency Department Information System. The ‘outbreak period’ was defined as the period between February 21, 2020 and April 1, 2020, while the ‘control period’ was defined as the same time period in the preceding two years (2018 and 2019). The primary outcome of our study was the number of patients admitted to the ED owing to AMI during the outbreak and control periods. Secondary outcomes were time from symptom onset to ED visit, length of ED stay, and 30-day mortality following admission. Results: During the outbreak period, 401,378 patients visited the ED; this number was lower than that during the control periods (2018: 577,548; 2019: 598,514). The number of patients with AMI visiting the ED was lower during the outbreak period (2,221) than during 2018 (2,437) and 2019 (2,591). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a reduction in ED visits by patients with AMI. We assume that this could likely be caused by misinterpretation of AMI symptoms as symptoms of respiratory infection, fear of contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and restrictions in accessing emergency medical care owing to overburdened healthcare facilities. This study sheds light on the fact that healthcare and emergency medical staff members must work towards eliminating hurdles due to this pandemic for patients to receive timely emergency care, which in turn will help curb the growing burden of mortality.