Hepatoprotective effect of vitamin C on lithocholic acid-induced cholestatic liver injury in Gulo(-/-) mice

Yu, S.J.,Bae, S.,Kang, J.S.,Yoon, J.H.,Cho, E.J.,Lee, J.H.,Kim, Y.J.,Lee, W.J.,Kim, C.Y.,Lee, H.S. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 european journal of pharmacology Vol.762 No.-

<P>Prevention and restoration of hepatic fibrosis from chronic liver injury is essential for the treatment of patients with chronic liver diseases. Vitamin C is known to have hepatoprotective effects, but their underlying mechanisms are unclear, especially those associated with hepatic fibrosis. Here, we analyzed the impact of vitamin Con bile acid induced hepatocyte apoptosis in vitro and lithocholic acid (LCA) induced liver injury in vitamin C-insufficient Gulo(-/-) mice, which cannot synthesize vitamin C similarly to humans. When Huh BAT cells were treated with bile acid, apoptosis was induced by endoplasmic retiiculum stress related JNK activation but vitamin C attenuated bile acid induced hepatocyte apoprosis in vitro. In our in vivo experiments. LCA feeding increased plasma marker of cholestasis and resulted in more extensive liver damage and hepatic fibrosis by more prominent apoptotic cell death and recruiting more intrahepatic inflammatory CD11b(+) cells in the liver of vitamin C-insufficient Gulo(-/-) mice compared to wild type mice which have minimal hepatic fibrosis. However, when vitamin C was supplemented to vitamin C-insufficient Gulo(-/-) mice, hepatic fibrosis was significantly attenuated in the liver of vitamin C-sufficient Gulo(-/-) mice like in wild type mice and this hepatoprotective effect of vitamin C was thought to be associated with both decreased hepatic apoptosis and necrosis. These results suggested that vitamin C had hepatoprotective effect against cholestatic liver injury. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Fatigue performance of deepwater SCR under short-term VIV considering various S-N curves

Kim, D.K.,Choi, H.S.,Shin, C.S.,Liew, M.S.,Yu, S.Y.,Park, K.S. Techno-Press 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.53 No.5

In this study, a method for fatigue performance estimation of deepwater steel catenary riser (SCR) under short-term vortex-induced vibration was investigated for selected S-N curves. General tendency between S-N curve capacity and fatigue performance was analysed. SCRs are generally used to transport produced oil and gas or to export separated oil and gas, and are exposed to various environmental loads in terms of current, wave, wind and others. Current is closely related with VIV and it affects fatigue life of riser structures significantly. In this regards, the process of appropriate S-N curve selection was performed in the initial design stage based on the scale of fabrication-related initial imperfections such as welding, hot spot, crack, stress concentration factor, and others. To draw the general tendency, the effects of stress concentration factor (SCF), S-N curve type, current profile, and three different sizes of SCRs were considered, and the relationship between S-N curve capacity and short-term VIV fatigue performance of SCR was derived. In case of S-N curve selection, DNV (2012) guideline was adopted and four different current profiles of the Gulf of Mexico (normal condition and Hurricane condition) and Brazil (Amazon basin and Campos basin) were considered. The obtained results will be useful to select the S-N curve for deepwater SCRs and also to understand the relationship between S-N curve capacity and short-term VIV fatigue performance of deepwater SCRs.

S-BRT 운행행태를 고려한 저상버스의 정차시간 예측모형

신소명,이수범,김영찬,박신형,유연승,최정훈,Shin, S.M.,Lee, S.B.,Kim, Y.C.,Park, S.H.,Yu, Y.S.,Choi, J.H. 한국안전학회 2021 한국안전학회지 Vol.36 No.1

This basic study introduces the concept of S-BRT and develops dwell time estimation models that consider road geometry and S-BRT characteristics for a signal operation strategy to meet the S-BRT's operational goal of high speed and punctuality. Field surveys of low-floor buses similar in shape to S-BRTs and data collection of passengers, station elements, vehicle elements, and other factors that can affect stop times were used in a regression analysis to establish statistically significant dwell time estimation models. These dwell time estimation models are developed by categorizing according to the locations of the signal or sidewalk that have the most impact on the dwell time. In this way, the number of people boarding and alighting the bus at the crowded door and the number of people boarding and alighting the bus at the front door considering the internal congestion was analyzed to affect the dwell time. The estimation dwell time models in this study can be used in the establishment of strategies that provide priority signals to S-BRTs.

한우 c-fos 유전자의 염기서열 및 발현분석

유성란,정행진,정기철,이준헌,조규완,최재관,나기준,상병찬 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.6

Cellular FOS(c-fos) protein is a transcription factor that forms heterodimers mostly with c-jun family and stimulates the transcription of genes containing AP-1 regulatory elements. This c-fos expression can control growth and differentiation of various precursor cells including myoblasts. The controls by c-fos gene have been identified for affecting skeletal muscle fiber traits which are the key determinants of meat quality in pigs. As a first step for identifying the relationship between c-fos gene and meat quality traits in cattle, we fully sequenced 1,443 bp of Hanwoo c-fos mRNA and analyzed expression patterns from various organs and muscle tissues. The sequence identities of Hanwoo c-fos with that of human, pig and mouse showed 89.8%, 93.3% and rib muscle from 7 organs and 9 different parts of muscles investigated. These results presented here can be used as a valuable marker for meat quality related traits in cattle with further verification.

Levels of 4-1BB transcripts and soluble 4-1BB protein are elevated in the adipose tissue of human obese subjects and are associated with inflammatory and metabolic parameters

Tu, T H,Kim, C-S,Kang, J-H,Nam-Goong, I S,Nam, C W,Kim, E S,Kim, Y I,Choi, J I,Kawada, T,Goto, T,Park, T,Yoon Park, J H,Choi, M-S,Yu, R Macmillan Publishers Limited 2014 International journal of obesity Vol.38 No.8

Background:4-1BB, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, has a role in various inflammatory pathologies through its interaction with 4-1BB ligand. We previously demonstrated that it participates in initiating and promoting obesity-induced adipose inflammation in a rodent model.Objective:In this study, we examined whether 4-1BB is related to obesity-induced adipose inflammation and metabolic parameters in humans.Methods:A total of 50 subjects, 25 obese (body mass index (BMI)⩾25 kg m<SUP>−2</SUP>) and 25 lean (BMI<23 kg m<SUP>−2</SUP>) participated in the study. The levels of 4-1BB transcripts and soluble 4-1BB protein (s4-1BB) in subcutaneous adipose tissue were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Inflammatory and metabolic parameters were measured by enzymatic analysis and immunoassay.Results:Obese subjects had higher levels of both 4-1BB transcripts and s4-1BB protein in subcutaneous adipose tissue than lean controls, and the levels were correlated with BMI and the expression of inflammatory markers, as well as with serum metabolic parameters. Moreover, s4-1BB was released from human adipocytes, and elicited chemotactic responses from human monocytes/T cells as well as enhancing their inflammatory activity, indicating that it may promote human adipose inflammation.Discussion:Our data demonstrate that elevated levels of 4-1BB transcripts and s4-1BB in adipose tissue are closely associated with obesity-induced inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. They suggest that both 4-1BB transcripts and s4-1BB could serve as novel biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for obesity-induced inflammation and metabolic syndrome in humans.

Quest for Missing Proteins: Update 2015 on Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project

Horvatovich, Pé,ter,Lundberg, Emma K.,Chen, Yu-Ju,Sung, Ting-Yi,He, Fuchu,Nice, Edouard C.,Goode, Robert J.,Yu, Simon,Ranganathan, Shoba,Baker, Mark S.,Domont, Gilberto B.,Velasquez, Erika,Li, D American Chemical Society 2015 Journal of Proteome Research Vol.14 No.9

<P>This paper summarizes the recent activities of the Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) consortium, which develops new technologies to identify yet-to-be annotated proteins (termed “missing proteins”) in biological samples that lack sufficient experimental evidence at the protein level for confident protein identification. The C-HPP also aims to identify new protein forms that may be caused by genetic variability, post-translational modifications, and alternative splicing. Proteogenomic data integration forms the basis of the C-HPP’s activities; therefore, we have summarized some of the key approaches and their roles in the project. We present new analytical technologies that improve the chemical space and lower detection limits coupled to bioinformatics tools and some publicly available resources that can be used to improve data analysis or support the development of analytical assays. Most of this paper’s content has been compiled from posters, slides, and discussions presented in the series of C-HPP workshops held during 2014. All data (posters, presentations) used are available at the C-HPP Wiki (<uri xlink:href='http://c-hpp.webhosting.rug.nl/' xlink:type='simple'>http://c-hpp.webhosting.rug.nl/</uri>) and in the Supporting Information.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jprobs/2015/jprobs.2015.14.issue-9/pr5013009/production/images/medium/pr-2014-013009_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/pr5013009'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Influence of Ti Doping on the Critical Behavior and Magnetocaloric Effect in Disordered Ferromagnets La0.7Ba0.3Mn1−x Ti x O3

Ho, T. A.,Phan, M. H.,Phuc, N. X.,Lam, V. D.,Phan, T. L.,Yu, S. C. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Journal of electronic materials Vol.45 No.5

<P>The Ti-substitution influence on the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of La0.7Ba0.3Mn1-x Ti (x) O-3 (x = 0.05 and 0.1) was investigated. Based on Banerjee's criteria and Franco's universal curves, we proved the existence of a second-order magnetic phase transition in the samples. Using the modified Arrott plot method, we determined the critical parameters T (C) a parts per thousand 245 K, beta = 0.374 +/- A 0.013, gamma = 1.228 +/- A 0.045, and delta = 4.26 +/- A 0.03 for x = 0.05, and T (C) a parts per thousand 169 K, beta = 0.339 +/- A 0.001, gamma = 1.307 +/- A 0.003, and delta = 4.78 +/- A 0.02 for x = 0.1. With these critical values, the predictable scaling behavior of the M(H) data above and below T (C) proves that the calculated exponents are unambiguous and intrinsic. The values beta = 0.374 for x = 0.05 and beta = 0.339 for x = 0.1 suggest that the magnetic phase transition of the samples falls into the three-dimensional (3D) Heisenberg and 3D Ising universality classes, respectively, corresponding to short-range ferromagnetic (FM) order due to FM clusters in a wide temperature range even above T (C), as confirmed by electron spin resonance studies. In reference to the magnetocaloric effect around T (C), the magnetic entropy change reaches maximum values (|Delta S-max|) of about 4 and 3 J kg(-1) K-1 for x = 0.05 and 0.1, respectively, for a magnetic field change 50 kOe. Magnetic field dependencies of |Delta S-max| obey a power function |Delta S-max(H)| ae H (n) , where exponent values n = 0.59 and 0.61 for x = 0.05 and 0.1, respectively, were determined from the relation n = 1 + (beta-1)/(beta + gamma). The difference between the experimental n values and the theoretical value n = 2/3 of the mean field model is due to the presence of short-range FM order in the samples.</P>

Conventional and inverse magnetocaloric effects, and critical behaviors in Ni₄₃Mn₄₆Sn₈In₃ alloy

Thanh, T.D.,Nan, W.Z.,Nam, G.,Van, H.T.,You, T.S.,Phan, T.L.,Yu, S.C. Elsevier 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.10

A systematic study of the conventional and inverse magnetocaloric effects, and critical behaviors in an alloy ingot of Ni<SUB>43</SUB>Mn<SUB>46</SUB>Sn<SUB>8</SUB>In<SUB>3</SUB> has been performed. Our results reveal the sample exhibiting structural and magnetic phase transitions at temperatures T<SUB>C</SUB><SUP>M</SUP> = 166 K (T<SUB>C</SUB> of the martensitic phase), T<SUB>M-A</SUB> = 260 K (the martensitic-to-austenitic phase transformation) and T<SUB>C</SUB><SUP>A</SUP> = 296 K (T<SUB>C</SUB> of the austenitic phase). The large values of refrigerant capacity (RC) around T<SUB>M-A</SUB> and T<SUB>C</SUB><SUP>A</SUP> are found to be RC<SUB>M-A</SUB> = 172.6 and RC<SUB>A</SUB> = 155.9 J kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively, under an applied field change of 30 kOe. Our critical analyses near the T<SUB>C</SUB><SUP>M</SUP> and T<SUB>C</SUB><SUP>A</SUP> reveal that a coexistence of the long- and short-range ferromagnetic order in the martensitic phase, while the long-range ferromagnetic order exists in the austenitic phase. Interestingly, at around T<SUB>C</SUB><SUP>A</SUP>, the maximum magnetic entropy change (|ΔS<SUB>max</SUB>|) versus magnetic field H obeys a power law, |ΔS<SUB>max</SUB>| = a.H<SUP>n</SUP>, where the exponent n is found to be about 0.66.

승화법에 의한 CdS 단결정 성장

정태수,김현숙,유평렬,신영진,신현길,김택성,정철훈,이훈,신영신,강신국,정경수,홍광준,Jeong, T. S.,Kim, H. S.,Yu, P. Y.,Shin, Y. J.,Shin, H. K.,Kim, T. S.,Jeong, C. H.,Lee, H.,SHin, Y. S.,Kang, S. K.,Jeong, K. S.,Hong, K. J. 한국결정성장학회 1993 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.3 No.2

수직 2단 전기로를 제작하고 결정성장관에 꼬리관을 연결하여 seed 결정없이 승화 방법으로 CdS 결정을 성장하였다. 이때 시료부분과 성장부분의 온도차 ${\Delta}T$가 이론적인 값 $14.7^{\circ}C$와 비교해서 실험적으로 얻은 값이 $15^{\circ}C$ 로 아주 일치하는 값을 나타내었다. 이때 꼬리관의 온도를 $110^{\circ}C$로 시간당 0.38mm 정도로 빨리 결정성장관을 끌어 올려 결정을 성장하였다. 분말법의 X-선 회절무늬와 Laue 배면 반사법의 Laue 무늬로부터 성장된 결정이 육방정이고 결정성장관의 길이 방향으로 c축을 갖는 단결정임을 확인하였다. 또한 CdS 단결정은 상온에서 전자 이동도와 운반자 밀도는 각각 $316cm^2/V{\cdot}sec$와 $2.90{\times}10^{16}cm^{-3}$정도이였다. We has made 2-zone vertical electric furnace and has been grown CdS single crystal by sublimation method in crystal growth tube with tail tube without seed crystal for growth. While it has been growing, temperature difference ${\Delta}T$ of source and growth part has nearly agreed with theoritical value $14.7^{\circ}C$and experimental value $15^{\circ}C$ Then, crystal of best quality has been grown, when temperature of tail tube has been $110^{\circ}C$, in spite of quickly pulling up crystal growth tube a degree O.38mm per hour. The grown crystal have had hexagonal structure and single crystal with c-axis to length of crystal growth tube from X- ray diffraction pattern of powder method and Laue pattern of back reflection Laue method. Also, the mobility and carrier density from Hall effect measurement have been $316cm^2/V{\cdot}sec$ and $2.90{\times}10^{16}cm^{-3}$ at the room temperature, respectively.

Aggravation of post-ischemic liver injury by overexpression of A20, an NF-κB suppressor

Yu, J.,Lee, H.S.,Lee, S.M.,Yu, H.C.,Moon, W.S.,Chung, M.J.,Park, J.W.,Park, B.H. Elsevier Science Publishers 2011 Journal of hepatology Vol.55 No.2

Backgroud & Aims: A20 is an intracellular ubiquitin-editing enzyme that plays an important role in the negative feedback regulation of NF-κB activation in response to a diverse range of stimuli. Liver ischemia/reperfusion injury is associated with rapid activation of NF-κB signaling, but the role of NF-κB in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury remains controversial. The NF-κB signaling pathway mediates both protective and deleterious effects in the liver. Here, we examined whether A20 inhibited or aggravated hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods: We used IκBα super-repressor as a positive control and overexpressed A20 and IκBα super-repressor in the liver of C57BL/6 mice. Mice underwent 45min of partial hepatic ischemia and were then reperfused. Results: Protein level of A20 was increased after reperfusion. Mice subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury showed increased NF-κB activation, as evidenced by phosphorylation of IκBα and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Prior transfection with Ad-A20 or Ad-IκBα super-repressor attenuated NF-κB activation and aggravated liver injury. Serum aminotransferases and proinflammatory cytokines, hepatocellular necrosis, and hepatic neutrophil infiltration were markedly increased compared to those of uninfected or control virus infected mice. In addition, A20 abolished the beneficial effect of ischemic preconditioning. Conclusions: Our results suggest that inhibition of NF-κB activation by A20 aggravated partial hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Understanding how the NF-κB pathway plays a role in directing a clinical outcome may lead to better prospects of more rational approaches to reduce post-ischemic liver injury.