Comparison of 90‐day case‐fatality after ischemic stroke between two different stroke outcome registries using propensity score matching analysis

Yu, K&#x2010,H.,Hong, K&#x2010,S.,Lee, B&#x2010,C.,Oh, M&#x2010,S.,Cho, Y&#x2010,J.,Koo, J&#x2010,S.,Park, J&#x2010,M.,Bae, H&#x2010,J.,Han, M&#x2010,K.,Ju, Y&#x2010,S.,Kang, D&#x2010,W.,Appelros, P. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Acta neurologica Scandinavica Vol.123 No.5

<P>Yu K‐H, Hong K‐S, Lee B‐C, Oh M‐S, Cho Y‐J, Koo J‐S, Park J‐M, Bae H‐J, Han M‐K, Ju Y‐S, Kang D‐W, Appelros P, Norrving B, Terent A. Comparison of 90‐day case‐fatality after ischemic stroke between two different stroke outcome registries using propensity score matching analysis. 
Acta Neurol Scand: 2011: 123: 325–331. 
© 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.</P><P><B>Background – </B> It has not been clarified whether the disparity in ischemic stroke outcome between populations is caused by ethnic and geographic differences or by variations in case mix. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis can overcome some analytical problems but is rarely used in stroke outcome research. This study was to compare the ischemic stroke case‐fatality between two PSM cohorts of Sweden and Korea.</P><P><B>Methods – </B> Prognostic variables related to baseline characteristics and stroke care were included in our PSM model. Then, we selected 7675 Swedish and 1220 Korean patients with ischemic stroke from each stroke registers and performed one‐to‐one matching based on propensity scores of each patient.</P><P><B>Results – </B> After PSM, all measured variables were well balanced in 1163 matched subjects, and the 90‐day case‐fatality was identical 6.2% (HR 0.997, 95%CI 0.905–1.099) in Sweden and Korea.</P><P><B>Conclusions – </B> No difference is found in the 90‐day case‐fatality in propensity score‐matched Swedish and Korean patients with ischemic stroke.</P>

Quest for Missing Proteins: Update 2015 on Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project

Horvatovich, Pe&#x301,ter,Lundberg, Emma K.,Chen, Yu-Ju,Sung, Ting-Yi,He, Fuchu,Nice, Edouard C.,Goode, Robert J.,Yu, Simon,Ranganathan, Shoba,Baker, Mark S.,Domont, Gilberto B.,Velasquez, Erika,Li, D American Chemical Society 2015 Journal of Proteome Research Vol.14 No.9

<P>This paper summarizes the recent activities of the Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) consortium, which develops new technologies to identify yet-to-be annotated proteins (termed “missing proteins”) in biological samples that lack sufficient experimental evidence at the protein level for confident protein identification. The C-HPP also aims to identify new protein forms that may be caused by genetic variability, post-translational modifications, and alternative splicing. Proteogenomic data integration forms the basis of the C-HPP’s activities; therefore, we have summarized some of the key approaches and their roles in the project. We present new analytical technologies that improve the chemical space and lower detection limits coupled to bioinformatics tools and some publicly available resources that can be used to improve data analysis or support the development of analytical assays. Most of this paper’s content has been compiled from posters, slides, and discussions presented in the series of C-HPP workshops held during 2014. All data (posters, presentations) used are available at the C-HPP Wiki (<uri xlink:href='http://c-hpp.webhosting.rug.nl/' xlink:type='simple'>http://c-hpp.webhosting.rug.nl/</uri>) and in the Supporting Information.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jprobs/2015/jprobs.2015.14.issue-9/pr5013009/production/images/medium/pr-2014-013009_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/pr5013009'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Magneto-transport properties of magnetic tunnelling transistors at low and room temperatures

Quang, H D,Huu, C X,Oh, S K,Dang, V S,Sinh, N H,Yu, S C IOP Pub 2006 Nanotechnology Vol.17 No.14

<P>Si(100)/CoFe/AlO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB><I>/</I>CoFe/FeMn/Cu/Ta magnetic tunnelling transistors (MTTs) with differing base thicknesses (<I>W</I>) were investigated. The magneto-transport properties of the MTTs were measured at 77?K and room temperature (RT). We obtained magneto-current ratios of 48.3% and 55.9% for emitter–base bias voltages of 1.45 and 2.0?V, respectively, at 77?K. The transfer ratios are 2.83 ? 10<SUP>−5</SUP> and 1.52 ? 10<SUP>−4</SUP>, respectively, corresponding to bias voltages of 1.45 and 2.0?V. Moreover, the highest tunnel magneto-resistance (TMR) ratios turned out to be 12% and 20% for a base thickness of 30?Šat RT and 77?K, respectively. These properties raise not only some fundamental questions regarding the phenomenon of spin-independent tunnelling at low and room temperatures, but also show some promising aspect for magneto-electronic applications. In addition, we attempted to elucidate the reason behind the outstanding TMR effect at low and room temperatures. Finally, the origin of the decrease in the mean free path asymmetry (<img SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0957-4484/17/14/004/nano218705ieqn1.gif' ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='\lambda^{ \uparrow }/\lambda^{\downarrow } '/>) was clarified by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy profile analysis of the elements existing in the interface between Si and the CoFe base (Co, Fe, Al, Si, O). </P>

Deep Sequencing of the <i>Medicago truncatula</i> Root Transcriptome Reveals a Massive and Early Interaction between Nodulation Factor and Ethylene Signals

Larrainzar, Esti&#x301,baliz,Riely, Brendan K.,Kim, Sang Cheol,Carrasquilla-Garcia, Noelia,Yu, Hee-Ju,Hwang, Hyun-Ju,Oh, Mijin,Kim, Goon Bo,Surendrarao, Anandkumar K.,Chasman, Deborah,Siahpirani, Alir American Society of Plant Biologists 2015 Plant Physiology Vol.169 No.1

<P><I>Transcriptional reprogramming is regulated by Nod factor-induced ethylene signaling.</I></P><P>The legume-rhizobium symbiosis is initiated through the activation of the Nodulation (Nod) factor-signaling cascade, leading to a rapid reprogramming of host cell developmental pathways. In this work, we combine transcriptome sequencing with molecular genetics and network analysis to quantify and categorize the transcriptional changes occurring in roots of <I>Medicago truncatula</I> from minutes to days after inoculation with <I>Sinorhizobium medicae</I>. To identify the nature of the inductive and regulatory cues, we employed mutants with absent or decreased Nod factor sensitivities (i.e. <I>Nodulation factor perception</I> and <I>Lysine motif domain-containing receptor-like kinase3</I>, respectively) and an ethylene (ET)-insensitive, Nod factor-hypersensitive mutant (<I>sickle</I>). This unique data set encompasses nine time points, allowing observation of the symbiotic regulation of diverse biological processes with high temporal resolution. Among the many outputs of the study is the early Nod factor-induced, ET-regulated expression of ET signaling and biosynthesis genes. Coupled with the observation of massive transcriptional derepression in the ET-insensitive background, these results suggest that Nod factor signaling activates ET production to attenuate its own signal. Promoter:β-glucuronidase fusions report ET biosynthesis both in root hairs responding to rhizobium as well as in meristematic tissue during nodule organogenesis and growth, indicating that ET signaling functions at multiple developmental stages during symbiosis. In addition, we identified thousands of novel candidate genes undergoing Nod factor-dependent, ET-regulated expression. We leveraged the power of this large data set to model Nod factor- and ET-regulated signaling networks using MERLIN, a regulatory network inference algorithm. These analyses predict key nodes regulating the biological process impacted by Nod factor perception. We have made these results available to the research community through a searchable online resource.</P>

Inhibition of the multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) transporter by pyrimethamine increases the plasma concentration of metformin but does not increase antihyperglycaemic activity in humans

Oh, J.,Chung, H.,Park, S.&#x2010,I.,Yi, S. J.,Jang, K.,Kim, A. H.,Yoon, J.,Cho, J.&#x2010,Y.,Yoon, S. H.,Jang, I.&#x2010,J.,Yu, K.&#x2010,S.,Chung, J.&#x2010,Y. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2016 DIABETES OBESITY AND METABOLISM Vol.18 No.1

<P>We hypothesized that the pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of metformin would change with inhibition of the multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) transporter, which mediates renal elimination of metformin. Twenty healthy male subjects received two doses (750/500 mg) of metformin, with and without 50 mg of pyrimethamine (a potent MATE inhibitor), with 1 week of washout in between each dose. The PD characteristics of metformin were assessed using oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) before and after the metformin dose. Metformin concentrations in plasma and urine were determined using liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry. When metformin was co‐administered with pyrimethamine, its area under the concentration–time curve from 0 to 12 h was 2.58‐fold greater (p < 0.05), whereas the antihyperglycaemic effects of metformin were decreased. The mean differences (90% confidence interval) in mean and maximum serum glucose concentrations and in 2‐h‐post‐OGTT serum glucose concentration were −0.6 (−1, −0.2), −0.9 (−1.6, −0.3) and −0.5 (−1.1, 0.1) mmol/l, respectively. These findings indicate that the response to metformin is not only related to the plasma exposure of metformin but is also related to other factors, such as inhibition of uptake transporters and the gastrointestinal‐based pharmacology of metformin.</P>

High-resolution three-photon biomedical imaging using doped ZnS nanocrystals

Yu, Jung Ho,Kwon, Seung-Hae,Petrá,&#x161,ek, Zden&#x11b,k,Park, Ok Kyu,Jun, Samuel Woojoo,Shin, Kwangsoo,Choi, Moonkee,Park, Yong Il,Park, Kyeongsoon,Na, Hyon Bin,Lee, Nohyun,Lee, Dong Won,Kim, Nature Publishing Group 2013 NATURE MATERIALS Vol.12 No.4

Three-photon excitation is a process that occurs when three photons are simultaneously absorbed within a luminophore for photo-excitation through virtual states. Although the imaging application of this process was proposed decades ago, three-photon biomedical imaging has not been realized yet owing to its intrinsic low quantum efficiency. We herein report on high-resolution in vitro and in vivo imaging by combining three-photon excitation of ZnS nanocrystals and visible emission from Mn<SUP>2+</SUP> dopants. The large three-photon cross-section of the nanocrystals enabled targeted cellular imaging under high spatial resolution, approaching the theoretical limit of three-photon excitation. Owing to the enhanced Stokes shift achieved through nanocrystal doping, the three-photon process was successfully applied to high-resolution in vivo tumour-targeted imaging. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of ZnS nanocrystals offers great potential for clinical applications of three-photon imaging.

Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Formation of Unstable Sulfinyl Radicals for the Synthesis of Sulfinates and Thiosulfonates

Shyam, Pranab K.,Kim, Yu Kwon,Lee, Chan,Jang, Hye&#x2010,Young WILEY-VCH 2016 Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis Vol.358 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Copper‐catalyzed aerobic coupling of thiols and alcohols affords sulfinates and thiosulfonates. These products are assumed to form <I>via</I> sulfinyl radicals which are not commonly found in oxidative coupling reactions of thiols. A reaction mechanism involving sulfinyl radicals is proposed, and mass and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experimental results are provided.</P>

Effects of microwave-assisted annealing on the morphology and electrical performance of semiconducting polymer thin films

Shang, X.,Yu, H.,Choi, W.,Lee, E.K.,Oh, J.H. Elsevier Science 2016 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.30 No.-

Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on p-channel polymer semiconductors such as poly(3-hexyl)thiophene (P3HT) and 30-diketopyrrolopyrrole-selenophene vinylene selenophene (30-DPP-SVS) were fabricated using a microwave (MW) irradiation process for thermal annealing. The influence of MW annealing was investigated based on microstructural characterizations such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). MW annealing not only shortened the annealing time, but also produced enhanced device performance including higher on/off ratio, lower threshold voltage, and higher field-effect mobility in comparison with the traditional annealing method. These microstructural analyses revealed that annealing by MW irradiation enhances the crystallinity and molecular orientation in the polymer thin films in a short time, thereby improving the electrical performance effectively. Our results suggest that MW-assisted annealing is a simple and viable method for enhancing OFET performance.

Structural Properties of Zinc Oxide Thin Films by Fabrication Conditions in Pulsed Laser Deposition

F. K. Shan,Y. S. Yu,B. C. Shin,B. I. Kim,G. X. Liu,S. C. Kim 한국물리학회 2003 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.42 No.IV

ZnO thin lms are deposited on Si(100) substrates at dierent conditions using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. The crystal structure is determined by X-ray diraction (XRD), and the surface morphology is observed by the atomic force microscope (AFM). XRD data indicate that ZnO thin lms are well crystallized with (002) preferential orientation between 200 C and 550 C, however, it appears to be poor crystallization at low temperature (100 C and room temperature). The thin lm fabricated at the temperature of 400 C and at the oxygen pressure of 200 mTorr shows the best surface morphology according to the results of AFM. The photoluminescence (PL) results shows the very strong near band emission, which indicates that PLD is a versatile method for the fabrication of oxide materials by easily controllable experimental conditions.l

Dispersion and damping of the interband π plasmon in graphene grown on Cu(111) foils

Politano, A.,Radovi&#x107,, I.,Borka, D.,Mi&#x161,kovi&#x107,, Z.L.,Yu, H.K.,Farí,as, D.,Chiarello, G. Elsevier 2017 Carbon Vol.114 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>By means of angle-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy, we have measured the interband π plasmon in high-quality graphene grown on peeled-off epitaxial Cu(111) foils. Experimental loss spectra have been reproduced by means of a hydrodynamic model. The dispersion relation of the plasmon frequency shows a nearly-flat dispersion up to a critical wave-vector of 0.3 Å<SUP>−1</SUP>. We propose that the observed behavior could be originated by confinement effects in ripples in the strained graphene sheet. Strain also limits the dispersion at higher momenta, as a consequence of the increased effective mass of charge carriers. The analysis of momentum dependence of the line-width and of the inverse quality factor indicates that damping processes are dominated by decay in electron-hole pairs via indirect interband transitions.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>