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Youngheun CHO,Taeho KIM,Hyuncheol KIM 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10
In anticancer treatment, combination therapy is emerging to improve the insufficient anticancer efficacy off single therapies such as chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Because free drugs are difficult to reach the target site due to degradation by enzymes in the body, drug delivery systems are being developed for combination therapy. However, nanocarriers such as microbubbles, albumin nanoparticles, and polymeric nanoparticles are unstable in the body and show low drug loading efficiency. Here, we propose polylactide (PLA)-poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymersomes with a high drug loading rate for effective combination therapy. When irradiated with ultrasound, olymersomes with verteporfin and doxorubicin (VT-Dox-PLs), a sonosensitizer and a chemotherapeutic agent respectively, combination therapy efficacy was confirmed on MIA paca-2 cells. Also, through tumor volume change and in vivo bio distribution, VT-Dox-PLs showed the most effective anticancer efficacy. These results suggest that combination therapy of SDT and chemotherapy could show novel anticancer effect by VT-Dox-PLs.
Involvement of the Fas and Fas ligand in testicular germ cell apoptosis by zearalenone in rat
Youngheun Jee,Eun-Mi Noh,Eun-Sang Cho,Hwa-Young Son 대한수의학회 2010 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.11 No.2
Zearalenone (ZEA), a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin, is known to cause testicular toxicity in animals. In the present study, the effects of ZEA on spermatogenesis and possible mechanisms involved in germ cell injury were examined in rats. Ten-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 5 mg/kg i.p. of ZEA and euthanized 3, 6, 12, 24 or 48 h after treatment. Histopathologically, spermatogonia and spermatocytes were found to be affected selectively. They were TUNEL-positive and found to be primarily in spermatogenic stages I-VI tubules from 6 h after dosing, increasing gradually until 12 h and then gradually decreasing. Western blot analysis revealed an increase in Fas and Fas ligand (Fas-L) protein levels in the ZEAtreated rats. However, the estrogen receptor (ER)α expression was not changed during the study. Collectively, our data suggest that acute exposure of ZEA induces apoptosis in germ cells of male rats and that this toxicity of ZEA is partially mediated through modulation of Fas and Fas-L systems, though ERα may not play a significant role.
Youngheun Jee, Hyunyoung Oh, So Jin Bing, Areum Kim, Jinhee Cho 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2013 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.14 No.4
Our previous research on sulfated polysaccharide purified from Ecklonia cava, a brown alga found in Jeju island, Korea, showed that sulfated polysaccharides modulate the apoptotic threshold of intestinal cells, thereby preventing intestinal damage caused by ionizing radiation. In this study, we investigated the ability of sulfated polysaccharide to augment restoration of small intestinal stem cells from γ-ray-induced damage. In our results, sulfated polysaccharide treatment increased the numbers of Ki-67-positive cells as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-expressing cells in the small intestine compared with those of irradiated only mice. Meanwhile, exposure to irradiation increased the number of paneth cells, which are frequently associated with intestinal inflammation, whereas sulfated polysaccharide treatment reduced the number of paneth cells in the small intestinal crypt. Conclusively, our data suggest that reduction of iNOS-expressing cells and paneth cells in sulfated polysaccharide-treated mice contributes to the inhibition of radiation-induced intestinal inflammation.
Cho, Jinhee,Bing, So Jin,Kim, Areum,Lee, Nam Ho,Byeon, Sang-Hee,Kim, Gi-Ok,Jee, Youngheun SWETS AND ZEITLINGER 2017 PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY Vol.55 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Context:</B> Beetroot [<I>Beta vulgaris</I> Linné (Chenopodiaceae)], a vegetable usually consumed as a food or a medicinal plant in Europe, has been reported to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Since the lymphohematopoietic system is the most sensitive tissue to ionizing radiation, protecting it from radiation damage is one of the best ways to decrease detrimental effects from radiation exposure.</P><P><B>Objective:</B> In this study, we evaluated the radio-protective effects of beetroot in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells.</P><P><B>Materials and methods:</B> Beetroot extract was administered at a dose of 400 mg/mouse <I>per os</I> (p.o.) three times into C57BL/6 mice and, at day 10 after γ-ray irradiation, diverse molecular presentations were measured and compared against non-irradiated and irradiated mice with PBS treatments. Survival of beetroot-fed and unfed irradiated animal was also compared.</P><P><B>Results:</B> Beetroot not only stimulated cell proliferation, but also minimized DNA damage of splenocytes. Beetroot also repopulated S-phase cells and increased Ki-67 or c-Kit positive cells in bone marrow. Moreover, beetroot-treated mice showed notable boosting of differentiation of HSCs into burst-forming units-erythroid along with increased production of IL-3. Also, beetroot-treated mice displayed enhancement in the level of hematocrit and hemoglobin as well as the number of red blood cell in peripheral blood. Beetroot diet improved survival rate of lethally exposed mice with a dose reduction factor (DRF) of 1.1.</P><P><B>Discussion and conclusion:</B> These results suggest that beetroot has the potency to preserve bone marrow integrity and stimulate the differentiation of HSCs against ionizing radiation.</P>