한강수계분지내 하천수의 지구화학적 특성

서혜영,김규한 이화여자대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 이화환경연구 Vol.1 No.-

한강 수계 분지 내의 하천수 (지표수)와 서울 지역 지핫의 화학적 특성 규명과 용존 이온종의 기원을 연구하기 위해 1996년 3월-4월 동안 하천수 시료 60개에 대하여, pH, TDS 등과 용존이온의 화학분석을 실시하였다. 남한강과 북한강 하천수의 화학성분은 주로 수계분지 지역에 분포하는 암석에 의해 영향을 받고 있으며, 한강본류의 하천수는 인위적인 오염에 의한 영향이 크게 나타나고 있다. 즉, 남한강은 상류지역에 분포하는 탄산염암, 탄광 및 금속광산 폐수등에서 용출된 Ca(), Mg(), HCO(), SO() 등이 현저하며 북한강은 화강암질암의 풍화 산물인 K(), Na(), Ca()등의 이온종이 특징적이다. 한편 양수리에서 상기 2개 하천이 합류하여 서울 도심을 지나는 한강 본류는 SO(), NO(), PO(), Cl()등 생활하수 오염의 영향이 현저하게 나타나고 있다. 한강 본류로 유입되는 서울 지역의 왕숙천, 탄천, 중랑천, 안양천의 4개의 지천은 NO(), Cl(), PO(), SO(), Mn등 인위적인 오염현상이 크게 나타나고 있다. 한강 하천수의 화학 성분의 군집, 요인 및 회귀 분석 결과, 전체 자료 분산은 오염 인자에 의한 분산이 약 79%, 지질과의 물-암석 반응에 의한 분산이 약 7%이다. 남한강과 북한강의 합류 지점에서의 Cl에 대한 혼합 비율은 약 60:40이다. 1981년 분석 자료와 1996년 자료의 비교에서 암석 풍화에 의한 1차적 용존 성분인 Ca(), Mg(), HCO()등은 변화가 적으나 Na(), NO(), PO(), SO()등 인위적 오염원의 성분은 크게 증가하는 경향이 있다. To investigate geochemical characteristics and the sources of the dissolved ion species in the river water in the Han river drainage basin, samples were collected at 60 sites from the Han river drainage basin. The data for pH, conductivity, TDS(total dissolved solid), temperature, and concentrations of dissolved ions were obtained as follows:(1) The geochemical characteristics of the surface water in the South and North Han river drainage basins are mainly controlled by bed rock geology in the drainager basin and in the main stream of the Han river considerably affected by anthropogenic pollution. The South Han river water samples have high concentration of Ca() (ave. 15.42ppm), Mg()(ave. 2.74 ppm), HCO()(ave 51.9ppm), which evidently indicates that the bed rock geology in a limestone area mainly controls the surface water chemistry. The concentration of SO() is remarkably high(SHr10-2:129.9ppm) because of acid mine drainage from the metal and coal mines in the upper reaches of the South Han river. (2)The South Han river and the North Han river join the Han river in the Yangsuri, Kyounggido and flow through Seoul metropolitan city. The mixing ratio is about 60:40 at the meeting point(sample number HR10). (3)The result of factor analysis suggests that the pollution factor accounts for about 79% and the bed rock type factor accounts for about 7% of the data variation. This means that the geochemical characteristics of the Han river water mainly controlled by anthropogenic pollution in the South Han river and main stream of the Han river drainage basin. (4)The chmical data for four tributaries such as the Wangsukcheon, the Tancheon, the Zungrangcheon, and the Anyangcheon show that the concentration of pollution elements such as NO(), Cl(), PO(), SO() and Mn are high due to municipal waste disposal.

Risk of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage From Low-Energy Falls in the Oldest-Old Patients

Sung Kyu Kim,Ki Young Jeong,이종석,Han Sung Choi,홍훈표,고영관 대한노인병학회 2016 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.20 No.4

Background: The population of individuals classified as oldest-old (aged ≥85 years) has increased rapidly in recent years. The rates of morbidity from chronic diseases and physical dependence tend to be higher in the oldest-old compared with individuals classified as young-to-middle-old (aged 65-84 years). Therefore, the classification and evaluation of traumatic injuries in the oldest-old group are necessary. Herein we focused on the risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage from low-energy falls in older patients. Methods: Patient medical records from the Emergency Department after low-energy falls that occurred between November 2014 and April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into an older group (aged ≥65 years) and an adult group (aged 18-64 years); the older group was subdivided into the oldest-old group (aged ≥85 years) and a young-to-middle-old group (aged 65-84 years). The rate of intracranial hemorrhage and related factors were also investigated. Results: The older group had a greater risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage than the adult group (20% vs. 12.6%, p=0.019). Furthermore, more cases of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage were found in the oldest-old group than in the young-to-middle-old group (37.5% vs. 18.0%, p=0.024). Similarly, the risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in the oldest-old was higher than in the young-to-middle-old group (p=0.032). Conclusion: The risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage from low-energy falls in the oldest-old patients was higher than in the young-to-middleold patients. Therefore, physicians need to pay particular attention to oldest-old patients, even to those with mental integrity and without neurological deficits.

응력 제한조건하의 신뢰성 기반 형상 최적설계

오영규(Young-kyu Oh),박재용(Jae-kyu Oh),임민규(Min-gyu Im),박재용(Jae-yong Park),한석영(Seog-young Han) 한국생산제조학회 2010 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.19 No.4

The objective of this study is to integrate reliability analysis into shape optimization problem using the evolutionary structural optimization (ESO) in the application example. Reliability-based shape optimization is formulated as volume minimization problem with probabilistic stress constraint under minimization max. von Mises stress and allow stress. Young's modulus, external load and thickness are considered as uncertain variables. In order to compute reliability index, four methods, i.e., reliability index approach (RIA), performance measure approach (PMA), single-loop single￢vector (SLSV) and adaptive-loop (ADL), are used. Reliability-based shape optimization design process is conducted to obtain optimal shape satisfying max. von Mises stress and reliability index constraints with the above four methods, and then each result is compared with respect to numerical stability and computing time.

用寒遠寒과 用熱遠熱에 대한 考察 : 六元正紀大論에서

채영진,신창환,임현택,여성원,한성규,이재원,정헌영,금경수 한국전통의학연구소 2003 한국전통의학지 Vol.13 No.1

Five elements motion and six kinds of natural factors influence not only human disease but also difference of medicine effect. Because the climate of summer is very hot, that is easy to increase the properties of hot medicines, a doctor must be careful to use it in summer. Also the climate of winter is very cold, that is easy to increase the properties of cold medicines, a doctor must be careful to use it in winter. But in the certain conditions to use diaphoretics or purgatives, in spite of that regulation a doctor can use them.

고령자 남녀와 20대 남녀에 있어서 다양한 등속수축중 최대 모멘트의 비교

金智源(Ji-Won Kim),金相佑(Sang-Woo Kim),文基旭(Ki-Wook Moon),嚴光文(Gwang-Moon Eom),李泳揆(Young-Gyu Lee),南貞淑(Jung-Sook Nam),朴寬龍(Kwan-Yong Park),金耀翰(Yo-Han Kim),洪廷和(Jeong-Hwa Hong),朴炳奎(Bung-Kyu Park) 대한전기학회 2008 전기학회논문지 Vol.57 No.10

In this paper, we investigated the maximum ankle joint plantarflexion moment (MPM) of young and elderly subjects during various modes of isokinetic contractions with special interest in the elderly females who were reported to have higher fall rate than the elderly males. Subjects include the young subjects (14 males: 22.7±2.5yrs, 13 females: 20.5±1.3yrs) and the elderly subjects (17 males: 65.8±10.5yrs, 26 females: 71.4±5.2yrs). The MPM was normalized by each subject's body weight. The MPM of elderly females was the weakest among the groups, particularly, at the eccentric contractions. The male-to-female ratio of MPM was greater in the elderly than in the young and the young-to-elderly ratio of MPM was greater in female than in male, both during the eccentric contractions. The result suggests that the decreased muscle force per body weight, especially at the eccentric contraction, may be one reason for the more frequent fall of the elderly female than the elderly male.

교정환자의 장치 순응도와 관련된 요인들의 조사연구

한은주,유영규 대한치과교정학회 1993 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.23 No.4

In orthodontic field, although lots of new materials have been developed and many mechanics introduced, we can face the case patient cooperation still remain a problem to solve. So, factors related to the compliance of 254 adolescent orthodontic patients using intraoral elastic or extraoral orthopedic appliances were under investigation. The study subjects were 11 to 18 years old and from 5 exclusive orthodontic clinics in Seoul. The subjects were asked to fill a questionnaire and compliances were evaluated by their assigned orthodontists. The questionnaire was consisted of 63 questions, and they represent 13 factors―7 psychological & 6 nonpsychological fators. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA test between the compliance group and the factors. 1. The compliances were evenly distributed in both sex and age groups. 2. As a whole, it was found that the Attitude towards appliances ffactor affected the degree of compliance. 3. Besides that, in younger(11-12) age group, Pain and discomfort associated with treatment factor was also found to be related to the degree of compliance. 4. On the contrary, in older(16-18) age group, the degree of compliance was influenced by the factor of Achievement motivation, Role expectation, parental relationship.

物的 流通 管理에 있이서 原價節減을 위한「팔레트 .풀 」制 普及에 관한 硏究

韓圭泳 군산대학교 1982 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.16 No.2

Recently many advanced countries spare no effort in searching for the best way of economical cost down in enterprises through physical distribution management in the field of marketing. Such a general tendency enforces us to be concerned about the way of economical cost down through the physical distribution management, who are in pursuit of highly developed economy. In this study I'd like to put packaging, cargo handling, transportation, storage and inventories, the natural flowing of physical distribution, into pallet pool system improving the physical distribution management. By putting various individually developed ways of physical distribution management together and joining individual, national and international economy together I want to systematize the pallet pool system. I am taking the liberty of suggesting the efficiency and spread of the pallet pool system managing the pallet provincially and spatially wishing it operate successfully.

Experimental study on condensation heat transfer characteristics of special heat transfer tubes

한규일,박종운,권영철,조동현 대한설비공학회 2001 설비공학 논문집 Vol.13 No.9

In this study, condensation heat transfer characteristics were conducted with special heat transfer tubes of SH-C type. Experiments were carried out the saturated vapor temperature of 334K and the wall subcooling of 1.5-4.5K. The refrigerant was R-113 and the enhanced tubes used in the present study were SH-CDR, SH-CYR and SH-CHR. The experimental results showed that the condensation heat transfer coefficients of SH-C type tubes were about 23-66% higher than those of a low integral-fin tube. It was visualized that the condensed liquid on the outer surface of SH-C type tubes flowed continuously down unlike a low integral-fin tube and a plain tube, due to a 3-D extending fin on the outer surface of SH-C type tubes. As a result, the thermal resistance of the condensed liquid decreased and the heat transfer coefficient increased. Also, the enhancement ratio of SH-CDR tube was the highest, and it was about 9-11 times as compared to that of a plain tube.

흰쥐 중격핵의 아미노산 함량에 대한 해마 제거의 영향

한영길,김종규,양훈모 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.2

A study was planned to analyze amino acid in target structure -the septal mucleus-of hippocampectomized rats by high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). 33 female rats were divided into 3 groups, of which 8 rats had their hippocampal tissue on both sides removed through an opening in the parieto-occipital cortex (hippocampal group), 7 rats received damage to the parieto-occipital cortex only (cortical control group), and 8 rats serveed as normal control animals. One week later, the animals were sacrificed by decapitationin the cold room. Two to three mg of tissue was obtained from the septal nucleus in one side of the brain. The tissue three mg of tissue was obtained from the septal nucleus in one side of the brain. The tissue samples were homogenized in 200 of 0.5M perchloric acid in 1mM EDTA with ground-glass homogenizers. After centrifugation at 3.500 rpm for 15 min, an aliquot of 80 supernatant was neutralized with 40㎕ of 2.0M KHCO and then centrifuged again at 3,500 rpm for 10min. An aliquot of 20㎕ was taken and diluted with 350㎕ β-mercaptopropionic acid in 10 ml of 100 mM sodium borate buffer (Ph 9.1) and 350㎕ of OPA solved in ethanol which was diluted with 10ml of 100 mM sodium borate buffer (Ph 9.1) Then 400㎕ of the resulting sample was injected auto injector. Peak areas were automatically integrated and calculated by chromatopac. In the septal nucleus, aspartate increased a little in the hippocampla group and the cortical control group than in the normal control group . while there were no significant difference between the 3 groups. Glutamate decreased significantly in the hippocampla group than in the normal control group (P<0.001) and the cortical control group (P<0.005), while there were no significant difference between the 2 control groups. In the serine, glycine, threonine and alanine, the differences among 3 group values were nonsignificant. It is inferred from the above mentioned results that excitatory transmitter substances employ the glutamate in the septal nucleus, and that the hippocampus was facilitatory to the septal nucleus.

韓國의 地域經濟 政策手段에 관한 理論分析 硏究

韓圭泳 군산대학교 1983 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.17 No.2

During the period from 1960s to 1970, the Korea's economy has recorded a rapied growth of average 7.8% per year, but such economic rapid growth disclosed economical interval appearence among regional areas. For the coming 1980s, economy policy will necessary a equilibrated industrialization strategy between regious to promote the export, getting out of the industrial policy and theory of disequlibrium growth that based on import substitute industry before in the direction to reduce the interval between regions. Through these studies, tried to gaind the basis theory of regional economy development and the political strategy theory, also we have concluded as follows as possible means to improve the regional economic policy instrument. 1.The equilibrium development of regional economy should be linking development between economic growth pole of advenced region and underdeveloped region, and it not only go through infrastructure investment by mutual adjustment between the measures and district, but also the enlargement of capital, labour power, the commodity market. 2.It should be enlarged the employed opportunity on the other except controlled area, and relatively the developed region, that is, the center of economic variation should be the core development or strategy for regional economy development. 3.Not only the growth pole formation should be used as a measures to promote the structural fluctuation at a rural community, but also industrial complex enlargement of other region should be made as a measure improvement policy industrial structure in the region.