Particle distribution in melt-processed Y_1.5 Ba₂Cu₃O_x superconductors with BaCeO₃ addition

Youn, J.S.,No, K.,Kim, Y.H.,Mahmood, A.,Jun, B.H.,Han, Y.H.,Sung, T.H.,Kim, C.J. North-Holland 2009 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.469 No.15

To understand the effect of BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> on a Y<SUB>2</SUB>BaCuO<SUB>5</SUB> (Y211) distribution, Y<SUB>1.5</SUB>Ba<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>x</SUB> (Y1.5) superconductors with/without 1wt.% BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> additions were prepared by a top-seeded melt-textured growth (TSMG) process. Two different BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> powders (as-synthesized (coarse powder) and an attrition-milled (fine powder)) were used and the size effect was compared with that obtained from a Y1.5 sample with no addition. A refinement of the Y211 particles was achieved for both the as-synthesized and attrition-milled BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> additions. The distribution of the Y211 particles was most uniform in the Y1.5 sample prepared with the attrition-milled BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> powder due to the reduced size of the Y211-free regions by the fine size BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> addition. The highest J<SUB>c</SUB> was achieved in the Y1.5 sample prepared with the attrition-milled BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> powder. The J<SUB>c</SUB> result agreed well with the microstructure variations by the addition of BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> powders.

Biochemical, pharmaceutical and therapeutic properties of long-acting lithocholic acid derivatized exendin-4 analogs

Chae, S.Y.,Jin, C.H.,Shin, J.H.,Son, S.,Kim, T.H.,Lee, S.,Youn, Y.S.,Byun, Y.,Lee, M.S.,Lee, K.C. Elsevier Science Publishers 2010 Journal of controlled release Vol.142 No.2

Alterations in the physicochemical characteristics of peptide drugs can transform their biological and pharmaceutical features. In the present study, we explored the potentials of lithocholic acid (LCA)-modified exendin-4 derivatives as novel long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists. Exendin-4 was modified with lithocholic acid at two lysine residues to produce three derivatives that were obtained by reverse-phase HPLC separation, namely, Lys<SUP>12</SUP>-LCA-exendin-4 (LCA-M2), Lys<SUP>27</SUP>-LCA-exendin-4 (LCA-M1), and Lys<SUP>12,27</SUP>-LCA-exendin-4 (LCA-Di)). The biological, pharmacological, and physicochemical characteristics of these three exendin-4 analogues were then investigated. Although slight reductions in the GLP-1 receptor binding capacity and insulinotropic activity of exendin-4 were observed after derivatization, the mono-LCA substitutions, especially LCA-M1, well-preserved antidiabetic activity in type 2 diabetic mice when administered subcutaneously or intraperitoneally. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic characteristics were dramatically enhanced, that is, absorption was delayed and elimination half-life was increased (1.6+/-0.4 and 9.7+/-1.4h by exendin-4 and LCA-M1, respectively). The enhanced long-acting characteristics of the derivative was found to be due to albumin binding and nanoparticle formation, and these were verified by the restoration of normoglycemia in type 2 diabetic mice after single injection (>24h, >10nmol/kg, s.c.) and daily injections (15nmol/kg/day) maintained normoglycemia for the 4-week administration period. Furthermore, antidiabetic potentials, such as, glucose clearance kinetics and percentage areas occupied by pancreatic β-cells were also enhanced by long-term LCA-M1 administration. The present study demonstrates that the derivatization of exendin-4 with LCA offers a possible means of producing a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist.

충청지역에서 발생한 쭈쭈가무시병의 임상상, 원인균의 혈청형 및 혈청역학적 연구

김선영,김윤성,박장규,윤태영,강재승,송인숙,최명식,최인학,차창룡,이우곤,박종우,이증훈,장우현,유영해,윤광혁,송계용 대한감염학회 1989 감염 Vol.21 No.2

From September to december 1987, eighty-six cases of tsutsugamushi disease were diagnosed by indirect immunofluorecent test or by isolating the causative agent in Chungcheung area. Their clinical features and patterns of antibody response to R. tsutsugamushi were analyzed. For the indenfication of prevalent antigenic types of R. tsutsugamushi in Chungcheung area, twenty-seven strains isolated were tested by indirect immunofluorescent test. To assess the extent of exposure to R.tsutsugamushi of a general population in Korea, the prevalence of antibody was investigated in 6,572 sera obtained from the residents of Chungcheung area by indirect immunofluorescent test. The female patients slightly outnumbered the male patients. More cases (68%) were older than 40 years of age. The epidemic peaked in October. The mean incubation period estimated was about 8 days. The major clinical features were fever and chill, headache, rash, eschar, and lymphadenopathy. Increased serm transaminase was the most singificant laboratory findings. Abnormalities in the chest roentgenography were often observed. The antibody titer rose rapidly 5 days after the onset, reached its peak at 20 days (1:640), and then declined agradually until 7 months(1:20). The seroype of 23 out of the 27 isolates wase found to be karp, one was Gilliam, and 3 isolates could not be classified by using polyclonal mouse hyperimmune sera. The prevalence of antibody to R.tsutsugamushi in the residents of Chungcheung area was 4.8%. The prevalence of antibody was higher in the female than in the male. The prevalence was higher in the residents of age above 40 years than below 40 years, and was the lowest in the children less than 10 years of age. Of the 318 positive sera from normal residents, only 2 sera showed the titers higher than 1:80.

여대생의 트라우마와 자존감, 가족지지 및 갈등, 우울의 상관관계 연구

경유래,김영서,김주영,박은서,윤예은,이수진,조성온,주서희,황선영,Tsang Lok Yi,김석선,길민지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2019 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.53

Purpose: Precedent studies about the relationship between trauma and other variables was focused on children and middle aged women. This study however, aims to study the female college student population who are exposed to depression and low self-esteem from traumatic events of childhood and adolescence Methods: Using a descriptive correlation study design, 205 female college students attending female colleges were recruited. The instruments Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale by Jacoz&Perry(1997), Self-esteem Scale by Rosenberg(1979), Family Support &Conflict Scale by Kim, and Depression Scale by Radloff(1977) were used. The questionnaires were distributed with Google Survey online. The data w re analyzed by average, standard deviation, percentage, and t-test using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: The degree of trauma and self-esteem, family support and conflict showed negative correlation, and the degree of trauma and depression showed positive correlation. In other words, female college students with higher trauma tend to have lower self-esteem, more cognizance of family conflict, less feeling of family support, and more depression. Conclusion: This study is different in that it analyzes correlation between the degree of trauma and other variables, not the absence or frequency of trauma. This study is also meaningful as it consider the psychological changes from traumatic experience and provides the basic data for the prevention and therapeutic intervention in clinical field.

Butyric acid production from softwood hydrolysate by acetate-consuming Clostridium sp. S1 with high butyric acid yield and selectivity

Kim, M.,Kim, K.Y.,Lee, K.M.,Youn, S.H.,Lee, S.M.,Woo, H.M.,Oh, M.K.,Um, Y. Elsevier Applied Science 2016 Bioresource technology Vol.218 No.-

The aim of this work was to study the butyric acid production from softwood hydrolysate by acetate-consuming Clostridium sp. S1. Results showed that Clostridium sp. S1 produced butyric acid by simultaneously utilizing glucose and mannose in softwood hydrolysate and, more remarkably, it consumed acetic acid in hydrolysate. Clostridium sp. S1 utilized each of glucose, mannose, and xylose as well as mixed sugars simultaneously with partially repressed xylose utilization. When softwood (Japanese larch) hydrolysate containing glucose and mannose as the main sugars was used, Clostridium sp. S1 produced 21.17g/L butyric acid with the yield of 0.47g/g sugar and the selectivity of 1 (g butyric acid/g total acids) owing to the consumption of acetic acid in hydrolysate. The results demonstrate potential of Clostridium sp. S1 to produce butyric acid selectively and effectively from hydrolysate not only by utilizing mixed sugars simultaneously but also by converting acetic acid to butyric acid.

Improvement of the superconducting properties of an infiltrated YBCO bulk superconductor by a BaCeO₃ addition

Mahmood, A.,Park, S.D.,Jun, B.H.,Youn, J.S.,Han, Y.H.,Sung, T.H.,Kim, C.J. North-Holland 2009 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.469 No.15

Single grain YBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>7-x</SUB> (Y123) bulk superconductors with Y<SUB>2</SUB>BaCuO<SUB>5</SUB> (Y211) and various amounts of BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> (5-45wt.% by an increment of 10wt.%) were fabricated by a seeded infiltration process. The addition of BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> was found to be effective for a modification of the microstructure and an improvement of the superconducting properties. The refinement effect for Y211 particles within an entire superconducting YBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>7-x</SUB> (Y123) matrix was achieved by BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> additions. The critical current density (J<SUB>c</SUB>) values were increased as the BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> contents were increased (maximum J<SUB>c</SUB> at 35wt.% BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> addition). The J<SUB>c</SUB> improvement by BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> additions might be due to the microstructure modifications associated with the finely distributed Y211 and BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> particles. With the addition of BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> the onset T<SUB>c</SUB> values decreased slightly, indicating highly limited Ce substitution for Y site. It can be concluded that the BaCeO<SUB>3</SUB> addition has a beneficial effect on the morphology, the size and the distribution of the Y211 inclusions and the microstructure regarding pinning improvement.

문학반응이론에 의한 보건의학기술계열 국가시험개선방안에 관한 연구

이창규,이승관,조경진,박종성,정수경,유병서,박상숙,윤효숙,황선철,문경환,김정민,함용운,김지환,임국환,김영순,윤경희,황성준 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1998 保健科學論集 Vol.24 No.1

The nationally-governed examinations for certification of allied health professions in Korea have been continued for thirty three years. During that time, there were a lot of managerial improvements in carrying out the examinations, for example, the looking-over the papers converted from manual method to computerized one. Nevertheless, the overall aspects of item management in the national examinations are still remained as obsolete style. In some developed countries they have already tried or adopted computerized system in making questions, executing item analysis, developing item banking, and in overall management of examinations, looking over papers for their national licensure examinations, and have established good reputations. Since the National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board was established in 1998, now we can expect there would be a lots of improvements in the managerial systems and organizational structures associated with the national licensing examinations suggesting followings. 1. The contents and scope of the licensing examinations based on job analysis should be announced publicaly. 2. Items should be developed based on the scopes and contents of job characteristics. 3. All the developed items for the licensing examinations should be tested quantitatively prior to banking items. 4. All the parameters of the stored items should be fully estimated through item response theory. 5. All the efforts should be given in order to execute the examinations in individual residential areas on behalf of every examinee. 6. To the licensing examination system the Computerized Adaptive Testing system should be introduced in order to enhance the efficiencies. 7. Security enhancement on the stored items should be reminded in order to prevent leaking out the banking items. 8. Much more improvements should be made for the proper job evaluations. 9. Every efforts should be given to prevent cheatings encountable during the examinations. 10. Make the best of professional volunteers from the various fields in the execution of licensing examinations. 11. Consider a new system in that examinations can be executed twice or more in a year. 12. The current methods of presiding over the examinations should be replaced by a more reasonable one. 13. The results of the examinations should be announced as soon as possible in order not to prolong the examinees' unemployment periods. 14. The National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board should try to rationalize the management keeping step with the information-oriented society.

추력정수를 고려한 Short Stroke 형 LDM의 설계

윤신용,백수현,김용,정계천,류종상 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 1998 산업기술논문집 Vol.11 No.-

LDM (Linear DC Motor) are used in high speed, high-precision position control system. Because of these advantages, LDM has already used in the motor of pen-recorder, magnetic-disk devices. Under the limited dimension, we propose the design method of LDM by magnetic circuit. In this paper, a relation between the thrust constant and size of a LDM that is moving coil type with unipolar is described, which is defined as a simple relational equation. To maximize the rate of thrust to the volume of LDM, the magnetic flux density in the yoke is adjusted to the value of magnetic equation. By the magnetic field anaysis(FEM), the validity of the equation is confirmed.

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) 기술을 이용한 고려인삼의 유전분석을 위한 Primer 선발 및 변종별 비교

임용표,신최순,이석종,윤영남,조재성 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1993 생물공학연구지 Vol.3 No.-

The study was carried out for comparison of variants and development of genetic markers using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD) analysis method. The ginseng variants used were as follows; Chungkyung-Chong. Hwangskoog-Chong, KG101 selected by the pure-line selection method, and 6 kinds of Jakyung-Chong strains (Jinjakyung, Jakyung-Chong 81783, Jakyung-Chong 847913, Jakyung-Chong 79742, Jinjakyung of USSR, and Mimaki of Japan). Four of 10 RAPD primers showd the distinctive polymorphism among 9 ginseng variants and lines, and were selected for more detailed polymorphic analysis. The sequences of 4 selected primers were TGCCGAGCTG (primer#2), AATCGGGCTG(#4), GAACGGGTG(#7), and GTGACGTAGG(#8). All primers produced several common bands among the strains. However, when primer #2 was applied, the electrophoregram showed the specific band at 1.8 kb region in Chungkyung-Chong. Hwangskoog-Chong, and KG101, and 1kb in the Jakyung-Chong 847913. In primer #4, 1.1kb band was shown in Chungkyung-Chong, Hwangskoog-Chong KG101, and Jakyung-Chong 79742. In primer #7, 700bp band was appeared in Jakyung-Chong 81783 and Jinjakyung of USSR. In primer #8,800bp band was observed only in Mimaki, comparing to another strains. When Similarity Index (SI) was calculated, Chungkyung-Chong and Hwangskoog-Chong, and Jakyung-Chong 81783 and Jinjakyung of USSR showed the most close SI, 0.11 and 0.08, respectively. The data of KG101, which showed the SI of 0.13 with the group of Chyngkyung-Chong and Hwangskoog-Chong,coincided with the fact that it was released from Hwangskoog-Chong by breeding process. The data of Jakyung strains indicated the significant variation among the strains. From these results, RAPD analysis method could be succesively applied to the classification and genetic analysis for breeding of Korean ginseng.

Phase III Clinical Trial for Immunogenecity and Safety of a New Recombinant Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine (HG-II) in the Newborn

Cho, Y. K 大韓臨床藥理學會 1996 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.4 No.2