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        The Effect of Pressure on the Poling Condition in Lead-based Relaxor Ferroelectric Solid Solutions

        Naohiko Yasuda,Naoki Miyazono,Hidehiro Ohwa,Yoshihito Tachi,Yohachi Yamashita,Kazuhiko Fujita,Makoto Iwata,Yoshihiro Ishibashi 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.31

        Topographic images for the domain structures of etched surfaces of PMNT ceramics were observed: ① Flattened fine domain structures with domains of about 50 nm or less in size along the poling direction due to the 180 domain reversal were seen in rhombohedral (74/26), (72/28), and (69/31) ceramics. ② Stereographical fine domain structures with projected domains of about 50 nm or less in size along some directions due to non-180˚ domain reversal, as well as 180˚ domain reversal were seen in the (67/33) ceramic near a MPB composition. Pressure-induced suppression of the electromechanical response occurred at the depoling pressure p_d = 590 MPa for PMNT (67/33) and at p_d = 400 MPa for PMNT (69/31). The poling for the PMNT (72/28) ceramic under a pressure of 600 MPa above pd was done under decreasing pressure at 10 kV/cm at room temperature. The resonance frequency fr and the antiresonance frequency fa decreased to f_r = 121.74 kHz and f_a = 124.03 kHz, the electromechanical coupling coefficient k31 decreased to 20.5%, and the maximum phase angle θ_m decreased to 12˚ compared to f_r = 131.32 kHz and f_a = 135.37 kHz, k31 = 26.8% and θ_m = 52˚ for normal poling. The topographic images of the etched surface of PMNT (72/28) poled under pressure was characterized with stereographical fine domain structures with projected domains of about 100 nm or less in size along some directions due to non-180 domain switching. A poling process using depoling pressure, as well as the well-known normal poling using depoling temperature, is applicable for ferroelectric materials.

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