Insulin resistance mediates high-fat diet-induced pulmonary fibrosis and airway hyperresponsiveness through the TGF-β1 pathway

Park, Yoon Hee,Oh, Eun Yi,Han, Heejae,Yang, Misuk,Park, Hye Jung,Park, Kyung Hee,Lee, Jae-Hyun,Park, Jung-Won Nature Publishing Group UK 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.5

<▼1><P>Prior studies have reported the presence of lung fibrosis and enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mice with high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. This study evaluated the role of TGF-β1 in HFD-induced AHR and lung fibrosis in a murine model. We generated HFD-induced obesity mice and performed glucose and insulin tolerance tests. HFD mice with or without ovalbumin sensitization and challenge were also treated with an anti-TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody. AHR to methacholine, inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and histological features were evaluated. Insulin was intranasally administered to normal diet (ND) mice, and in vitro insulin stimulation of BEAS-2b cells was performed. HFD-induced obesity mice had increased insulin resistance, enhanced AHR, peribronchial and perivascular fibrosis, and increased numbers of macrophages in the BALF. However, they did not have meaningful eosinophilic or neutrophilic inflammation in the lungs compared with ND mice. The HFD enhanced TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium, but we found no differences in the expression of interleukin (IL)−4 or IL-5 in lung homogenates. Administration of the anti-TGF-β1 antibody attenuated HFD-induced AHR and lung fibrosis. It also attenuated goblet cell hyperplasia, but did not affect the AHR and inflammatory cell infiltration induced by OVA challenge. The intranasal administration of insulin enhanced TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium and lung fibrosis. Stimulating BEAS-2b cells with insulin also increased TGF-β1 production by 24 h. We concluded that HFD-induced obesity-associated insulin resistance enhances TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium, which may play an important role in the development of lung fibrosis and AHR in obesity.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Obesity: A trigger for asthma onset</B></P><P>Insulin resistance may be an important causative factor underlying the increased risk of asthma and other respiratory issues in obese individuals. Obesity doubles the likelihood of developing asthma, with symptoms that are more difficult to control than in non-obese patients. The connection between these conditions is poorly understood, but researchers led by Jung-Won Park, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, have identified a potential mechanism. They demonstrated that a signaling molecule called TGF-β1 contributes to airway sensitivity and tissue scarring in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Subsequent experiments showed that treatment with insulin also gives rise to increased TGF-β1 production in the mouse lung. Since insulin resistance is a common feature of obesity, resulting in abnormally high levels of circulating insulin, this could also account for the increased risk of respiratory problems.</P></▼2>

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

남중 육상경기 선수의 Foot Ratio와 체력과의 상관

윤길환,서국웅,이훈식,정미라,윤양진,박승범 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1999 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Foot ratio and physical fitness were measured and multiple-compared in the level of P<.05 on the subject of 28 prize winners from Men's part of middle school in the field and track events of the "P" youth athletic tournament in 1998 and 7 general students adopted by random sampling. These are conclusions from the result of relative analysis of foot length measured by X-ray, Medial longitudinal arch's height, foot ratio and physical fitness in the level of P<.05. 1. No significance was discovered in FR but throwing group is better than medium and long distance group. 2. Flexibility and endurance have meaning in physical fitness. The short distance group has better flexibility than the medium and long, throwing and general one. And medium and long distance/ throwing group have better endurance than general one. 3. FR and physical fitness show a negative correlation in the muscular strength of throwing group.

엘리트체조 발전을 위한 지도자의식 및 근무현황 분석

정영미,윤양진 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 2010 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

본 연구는 엘리트체조 발전을 위해 지도자의 의식 및 근무현황분석을 통하여 대안을 찾는데 목적을 두고 2009년 현재 대한체조협회에 등록 된 체조(205개)팀 지도자(코치)중에서 2009년 8월 대전에서 개최 된 '문화체육관광부장관기 전국체조대회 겸 전국대학일반선수권대회'에 참가한 초.중.고.대.일반부 지도자 111명을 모집단으로 선정한 후 편의표집(Convenience sampling)을 통하여 지도자83명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집 된 자료는 빈도분석과 X2검증을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 체조지도자의 79.5%가 자격증을 소유하고 있었으며, 교육수강의지에 대해서는 92.8%의 지도자가 '시간을 내서라도 수강하겠다'고 응답하여 전문성향상교육수강의지가 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 체조지도자의 평균급여 및 처우만족수준에서 50% 이상의 지도자가 200만원미만의 급여를 받고 있었으며, 현재의 처우에 대해 74.7%의 지도자가 만족하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 지도경력이 높을수록 교육의식수준 및 지도자자격증 소유 율이 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 지도자자격증을 소유한 지도자가 비소유지도자에 비해 높은 급여를 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

솔레노이드 구동방식 인젝터의 분무 특성에 관한 연구

윤면근,양정규 여수대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.11 No.2

The spray characteristics of solenoid type injector(MPI) has an important effect upon the power and the emission of EFI engine. This experimental study was discussed by analizing the spary behavior and characteristics of intermittent injection with a gasoline fuel injector. Measurement systems were Marern particle size analyzer system for measuring drop size, patternater system for measuring mass distribution, and image processing system for visualizing the spray behavior. Injection types used on this experimental study were one without any collisional object and the other using impinging stream : Collisional object was a intake valve. The Sauter mean diameter of the impinging stream type injection was smaller about 16%~51% then that of the other type injection.

테니스 포핸드시 밀어치기와 때려치기 타법의 운동학적 분석

윤양진,정미라,서국웅,이훈식,황명숙,강영택,윤길환 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1999 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

This study consists in clarifying the meaning of various angles and velocity, and two types of the stroke of a pushing shot and hitting shot through the three-dimensional image analyses among the factors of exercise. To attain the purpose of such studies, the result of experiment and analysis for each of three athletes of boys and girls in high school and three persons in general came to the conclusion as follows; 1. The last motion of a group of A having a command of a follow shot showed greatly, compared with two groups of B and C, and this showed that a group of A took a rectilinear motion greatly to gain power and two group of B and C took a rotary motion greatly to gain speed. 2. A group of A having a command of a pushing shot move body weight forward from behind and give the first consideration to a rectilinear motion, and two groups of B and C having a command of the stroke of hitting shot used the turning of the shoulder and the waist and gave much weight to a rotary motion than a rectilinear one. 3. The position of the hitting point of a group of A having a command of a pushing shot turned out to be the waist, and that of the hitting point of two groups of B and C, the chest, and namely this showed that the position of the hitting point was decided according to the form of the stroke and pictures of various kinds. 4. In impacting, the speed decreased, for the power was controled to keep an accurate timing of stroke just before impacting

레이저 스페클간섭법에 있어서 스페클크기와 측정 한계에 관한 연구

윤성운,김경석,양승필,정현철,김정호,이도윤 한국공작기계학회 1996 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.5 No.1

The high coherence of laser beam has made it possible to observe interference effects even in the light scattered from rough surfaces. That's why, when object with a scattering surface is illuminated with laser light, we do see a speckled appearance due to random interference. This sort of unique property of laser speckle has brought into existence the new noncontacting techniques such as speckle metrology method of measuring deformation, displacement, and vibration etc of objects with high optical sensitivity. The measurable range of speckle metrology especially used to measure in-plane information, however, is limited by some factors, the so-called strain, rotation, tilt of surface and out of displacement perpendicular to the plane of analysis. This restrictions severly limits the measurable range of speckle metrology by causing the decorrelation of speckle patterns. It is the purpose of this paper to give a survey on the measurable limitation of speckle photography method that is one of speckle metrology. Namely we will discuss the mutual relationships and problems of each limitations adding the restriction of the largest and smallest displacement measurable with speckle methods.

Mulligan 치료법과 고유수용성 신경근 촉진법이 동결견 환자의 치료에 미친 효과

양정애,윤홍일,박현식,신영일,전범수 대한정형도수치료학회 2006 대한정형도수물리치료학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Mulligan method and PNF method on the pain and limitation of range of motion in patients with frozen shoulder. The subjects of this study were 20 patients, 10(50%) males and 10(50%) females. They visited clinic for physical treatment within 6 months after onset of shoulder pain and limitation of range of motion with frozen shoulder. One group was applied with Mulligan method and other group was with PNF method . The patient were treated 5 times session weekly for 6 weeks from March 4th, 2002. And each treatment session was 15min. with physiotherapy. The pain was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) and rage of motion (ROM) of flexion, abduction, external rotation, internal rotation were measured by goniometer. The data was analysed by paired T-test and independent T-test. The results of this study were summarized as follow : 1. The ROM of Mulligan method group increase in after treatment in comparison with ROM in before treatment, it is significant increase. Although the VAS of MMG decrease in before than after treatment, it is significant difference. 2. There is significant difference in before and after treatment of ROM of shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation between PNF method group. The VAS of PMG is decreasing in before than after treatment, it is significant difference. 3. There is significant difference in before movement and after movement ROM of flexion, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation and VAS between Mulligan method session and PNF method session then the scale which measured by Mulligan method was more increased than that of PNF method. The results showed that both Mulligan method and PNF method were effective in pain reduce and ROM increase, but Mulligan method was superior to PNF method in ROM increase and pain reduce.

悔軒의 耽羅雜詠 硏究

梁淳珌,金允中 제주대학교 1991 논문집 Vol.33 No.1

Cheju Island was one of the worst places of exiles. Many anexile suffered political ostracism had been sent to the remote island and there confined in the house enclosed with a hedge of thorny bushes. The prefecture of Taejong-hyon in Cheju was the typical rugged country for banishing. So for in the paper there have been analyzed the 22 pieces of "Tamna Chabyong(Miscellaneous Poems) written by Cho, Kwan-bin during his exile in Taejong. The summary is as follows: 1) Literature of exile is to be definded as a form of literature which shows direct experiences, emotions and spiritual lives of a writer and politician exiled owing to the periodical and political state of the Chosen Dynasty. Especially, literature of Cheju-exile was the literature formed by exiles banned to Cheju Island during their exile. 2) Hoehon (Cho, Kwan-bin's pseudonym) was exiled to Taejong by king Youg-jo for bearing a factical grudge against a minister. In the 7th year of King Yong-jo(1731), serving as Taesahon, he had impeached Yi, Kwang-jwa, the leader of the party of Soron, for Shinim Sahwa(The Shinim Calamity of Savants) by way of presenting a memorial to the king. 3) Hoehon spent the period of exile usefully, recognizing the social realities of the isolated island. Through his severe self-examination, he created remarkable works of literature of exile, confronting the difficulties of exile. 4) His literary works showed in "Tamna Chabyong" are charactered by successive construction from the 1st poem to the 22nd poem. The poems show his recognition of the island as his own experiential reality. He poetized the nature and the custom of the island itself, which has made a great contribution towards the expanding subject matters of Korean literature. While most subject matters of classical poetry had close relations to place names of China or Chinese folklore, the subject matters of "Tamna Chabyong" have relations to place names of exile and the island itself. In this respect the poems have a historic significance of Korean literature. 5) In the poems, there are described such as follows: first, the location of Tamna and Mt. Halla and myths; second, the history of Tamna and the longing for the King;third, the condition of the place of exile and the history of O-hyon; fourth, the ways of lives in Tamna and the custom; fifth, the presents to the King; last, the exile itself and emotions. Among them, there are specially well-described the living conditions of Cheju countrymen, the scenery of strange customs, an old peddler, the oranges and presents to the King, and the exile's miserable emotions. 6) While the characteristics of many other poems of this kind lie in the general composition of seclusion, escape, patriotic, sentiment, wailing ill fortunate and longing for the King, those of "Tamna chabyong" lie in the composition of such as the history, society, scenery and customs and manners of the place of exile. And it can be said that Hoehon'a'"Tamna Chabyong" had an influence on the same-titled poems composed by Cho, Chong-ch'ol(Chonghon), who was Hoehon's brother's grandson and was exiled to the same place in the years of King Chong-jo. 7) The whole poetry written in Hoehon-jip, a collecton of Hoehon's works, are supposed to be studied in general on the foundation of study on "Tamna Chabyong".

스포츠 공학의 연구 동향

윤양진,정미라,이훈식,서국웅,박승범 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

Sports technology encompasses a wide range of disciplines from biomechanics to engineering. As a consequence, researchers working in sports technology find that their work falls neither in the field of traditional sports nor in mainstram engineering. Also Sports Engineering is an international journal publishing original papers on the application of engineering and science to sport. The journal intends to fill the niche area which lies between classical engineering and sports science and aims to bride the gap between the analysis of the equipment and of the athlete. Area of interest include the mechanics and dynamics of sport, the analysis of movement, instrument equipment design, surface interaction, materials and modeling. These topics may be applied to technology in almost any sports. The Sports Engineering will be of particular interest to Engineering, Physics, Mathematics and Sports Science Departments and The International Sport Engineering Association(ISEA) will act forum where research, industry and the sports sector can exchange knowledge and innovative ideas.