Effect of treadmill exercise on skeletal muscle autophagy in rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet Do Keun Cho1

( Do Keun Cho ),( Dong Hun Choi ),( Joon Yong Cho ) 한국운동영양학회 2017 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.21 No.3

[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise on body weight, blood biochemistry, and autophagy. [Methods] Triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, and glucose levels were measured, the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) score was calculated, and the soleus muscle was analyzed for autophagy- related factors (Beclin-1, p62, LC3, Lamp- 2) in rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet. Eight-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet for 35 weeks and then subjected to 10 weeks of treadmill exercise. The experimental group was divided into a Normal Diet-Sedentary (ND-SED, n=8) group, an (High-Fat Diet-Sedentary (HF-SED, n=8) group, and an High-Fat Diet + Treadmill Exercise (HF-TE, n=8) group. The intensity of treadmill exercise was set as 8 m/min for 5 min, 11 m/min for 5 min, 15 m/min for 20 min, and 11 m/min for the last 5 minutes. A glucose tolerance test was performed at the 2nd and 8th week of exercise by sampling of tail blood. [Results] With endurance exercise, the HFTE group showed a significant decrease in body weight, with improved blood biochemical indices and HOMA-IR scores, in comparison with the HF-SED group. However, there was no significant difference in Beclin-1, p62, LC3, and Lamp-2 proteins as measured by autophagic flux in the soleus muscle. [Conclusion] Treadmill exercise induced improvements in body weight, body fat, and biochemical indicators of obesity and Type 2 diabetes, but had no effect on autophagy in soleus muscle.

해부학 실습에 의한 의과대학생들의 formaldehyde 폭로 정도와 formaldehyde 과민반응에 대한 조사연구

조수현,김헌,남윤정,김용대 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1993 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.3 No.1

Formaldehyde induces not only irritation symptoms of eyes and respiratory tract but hypersensitivity reactions, such as contact dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. To estimate the levels of exposure to formaldehyde during cadaver dissection in anatomy laboratory and to investigate the prevalence rates of irritation symptoms, allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma, air concentrations of formaldehyde within cadaver dissection room were measured, and self-administrative questionnaire and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) were performed upon medical(n=182) and premedical students(n=69). For measurement of air formaldehyde level, chromotropic acid method(NIOSH method 3500) was used. Formaldehyde was conjugated to human serum albumin, and used as antigen in ELISA after identification of conjugation with immunoelectrophoresis. Prevailing symptoms during cadaver dissection were soreness of eyes or throat(92.9%), lacrimation(74.3%), rhinorrhea(49.7%), and sneezing(32.2%). Mean titers of IgE and IgG antibodies specific to formaldehyde-human serum albumin conjugate(F-HSA) of medical students were higher than those of premedical students. However, there was no case whose titers of anti-F-HSA antibody were higher than the twice of those of anti-HSA antibody or higher than the twice of the mean titers of premedical students. These results suggest that medical students were exposed to relatively high concentration of formaldehyde, but few asthma or allergic rhinitis were induced by formaldehyde exposure during cadaver dissection practice.

정량적관상동맥조영술의 정확도 및 재현도

조용근,황진용,박헌식,채성철,전재은,박의현 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.4

목적 : 정량적관상동맥조영술이 최근 널리 보급되고 있지만 국내외를 막론하고 이의 정확도 및 재현도에 관한 연구가 불충분하여 본 연구를 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 110명의 환자에서 미국 General Electric사의 Advantx L/C/LP 디지탈혈관찰영기와 미국 USCI사의 좌관상동맥용 Judkins형의 Pro-Flo XT^(TM) 6F 도자를 이용하여 좌관상동맥조영술을 같은 각도에서 3회 실시하고 도자의 외경을 일본 Mitutoyo사의 정밀도 0.01㎜의 micrometer로 측정한 후 측정된 도자의 실제 직경과 정량적관상동맥조영술로 측정된 관상동맥의 직경을 비교하였다. 결 과 : USCI® Pro-Flo XT^(TM) 6F 좌관상동맥용 도자의 실제 외경은 1.91±0.03㎜이었고 정량적관상동맥조영술로 측정 한 도자의 외경은 1.94±0.11㎜이었다. 도자를 5.7F로 calibration했을 매 도자의 외경은 1.87±0.12㎜이었다. 세번 다 다른 화상에서 측정한 경우 근위부관상동맥 직경의 차이는 0.02±0.12㎜이었고 같은 화상에서 3회 측정하였던 경우에는 0.11±0.01㎜이었다. 결론 : 정량적관상동맥조영술의 정확도 및 재현도는 사용에 적합한 정도이나 적지 않은 문제점에 대한 보완이 필요하다고 생각된다. During quantitaive coronary angiography(QCA), contrast filled catheter is usually used as a scaling device. However the real diamerer of catheter is almost always smaller than the listed diameter. We measured the real diameter of catheters with precision micrometer(Mitutoyo® Japan). After caliberating the catheter as listed French size and diameter, we did QCA at the same tube position of the diameters of catheter and proximal left coronary artery. All measurements were done 3 times consecutively. The mean real diameter of USCI® Pro-Flo XT^(TM) 6 F left Judkin catheter was 1.91±0.03 ㎜. The mean QCA diamter of the same catheter was 1.94±0.11 ㎜. When we calibrated catheter as 1.91 ㎜. the mean QCA diameter was 1.87±0.12 ㎜. The mean differences of the diameters of the proximal left coronary artery were 0.20±0.12 ㎜ when the measurements were done in three different frames. When the measurements were done in the same frmae, the mean difference decreased to 0.11±0.01 ㎜. We conclude that the precision and reproducibility of QCA are within reasonable range, but more refimement is needed.

서남해안 지방에서 발생한 Vibrio vulnificus 감염의 임상적 고찰

조남수,김춘호,김성중,김용배,조수형,안태훈 大韓應急醫學會 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Background: V. vulnificus infection in found between May and October when the man who has hepatic disorder or immunity disorder eats raw shellfish and it causes the systemic symptoms such as sudden fever, chilling, shock and stupor and local skin lesions like bleb and necrosis. This disease has 46∼61% of fatality rate in spite of intensive treatment. This study conducts the examination of history, epidemic study, ingesting raw fish and bacteriologic investigation in the patients with similar clinical symptoms to the above and examines the diagnostic dorrelations. Method: It is conducted with 31 cases who admitted at emergency medical center of Chosun University Hospital from May of 1995 to September of 1998 and are suspected to have V.vulnificus infection. It analyze bacteriologic examination, the survey of residence, eating raw shellfish, hepatic disorder, alcohol drinking habits and skin lesion. Results: 1) The rate of male and female is 15.5:1 and in the age, 18 cases are in fifties, seven are in forties and six are over sixties. 2) Clinically, V.vulnificus is detected in 20 of 31 cases which is suspected to have V.vulnificus infection and it is not detected in 5 cases. Other bacteria are detected in 6 cases and they include staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas species, β-hemolytic streptococcus and E-coil. 3) In local distribution, Kohung has 10 cases, Shinan and Mokpo have six, Haenam and Kangjin have five, Yongkwang and Muan have five, Naju and Yongam have five and Kwangju has one. 4) Eating fishes and raw shellfishes is found in 31 cases. In the kind of shellfishes, eating raw clam is 10 cases, raw thin-shelled surf calm is 8 cases, raw oyster is 5 cases and sliced raw fish is 4 cases and pickled sea foods are 4 cases. 5) The cases with hepatic disorder are 23 and 15 cases with heavy alcohol drinking Carrier are included. The cases with Diabetic Mellitus are four and those with pulmonary tuberculosis are two. Two cases have not basal diseases. 6) On the opinion of skin lesion, 20 cases show vesicular necrosis, 7 cases have dendriform erythema, 3 cases have papule and one case doesn't show clear skin lesion. Conclusion: When V.vulnificus infection is detected, it is fatal and those who have hepatic disorder or heavy alcohol drinking habit must avoid eating fishes and shellfishes raw in summer. It is important to have emergency treatment for the patient whose V.vulnificus infection is suspected. It is considered that the administration of initial antibiotics is effective by generalizing the clinical symptom, epidemic opinion and patient history even before the results of bacteriologic confirmed.

急性 骨髓性 白血病 患者 1例에 對한 臨床報告

조정효,유화승,최우진,이용연,서상훈,이연월,손창규,조종관 대전대학교 한방병원 2000 惠和醫學 Vol.9 No.2

AML is the most common type of leukemia in adults. AML(acute myeloid leukaemia) is characterised by a rapid accumulation of abnormal white blood cells in the blood and bone marrow, resulting in severe anemia, and possibly infection, and hemorrhage during the course of the disease. In general the prognosis of patient with relapsed AML is poor. At this time, however, the only potentially curative therapy for relapsed patients is allogeneic BMT(bone marrow transplantation). This clinical study were carried out 1 case of female patient aged 44 with relapsed AML treated by herb medicine. At the time of admission, she complained of mild fever, nausea, vomitting, abdominal pain, anorexia and no sign of bleeding. For the 10 days of admission, she was treated with Oriental-Western medicine and all the symptoms were disappeared. After that, the syptoms were aggravated because of secondary infection. Anyway, above result showed the possibility of Oriental therapy as Supportive Care in AML.

고등어 및 정어리 선어의 휘발성성분

조우진,김훈,정연정,이영미,정은정,차용준 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 2002 생활과학연구 Vol.- No.6

This study was conducted to identify volatile compounds, associating with quality deterioration, which may play roles as indicators for quality assessment in fresh mackerel and sardine. Volatile compounds were analyzed by liquid liquid continuous extraction(LLCE)/GC/MSD methods. A total of 83 and 81 volatile compounds were detected in fresh mackerel and sardine, respectively, and these compounds were mainly composed of aldehydes(12 in raw mackerel, 11 in raw sardine), ketones(7, 4), alcohols(15, 14), esters(1, 3), aromatic compounds(13, 15), terpenes(5, 7), S-containing compounds(2, 2), hydrocarbons(13, 11) and miscellaneous compounds(2, 1). Most of compounds including carbonyls, alcohols, aromatic compounds and hydrocarbons were derived from lipid oxidation, and some compounds were detected from microbial degradation. It was supposed that LLCE method was proper to seek indicators for quality assessment in fresh mackerel and sardine, because of various volatile compounds derived from nonthermal lipid oxidation.

니세틸 정(아세틸-엘-카르니틴 500 mg)에 대한 엘카틴 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,윤지훈,오인준,문재동,이용복 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 약품개발연구지 Vol.10 No.-

Acetyl-L-camitine (ALC), an endogenous component of the L-carnitine family, is a naturally existing molecule synthesized from L-carnitine (LC) by carmtine acetyl transferase. ALC has been shown to improve the cognitive performance of patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer's type and proposed for treating Alzheimer's disease in pharmacological doses. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ALC tablets, Nicetile^TM (Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co.) and L-Cartin^TM (Kuhn Il Pharmaceutical Co.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The ALC release from the two ALC tablets in vitro was tested using KP Ⅶ Apparatus Ⅱ method in various dissolution media (pH 1.2, 6.0 and 6.8). Twenty six normal male volunteers, 24.46±3.67 years in age and 64.45±5.54 ㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 500㎎ of ALC was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of ALC in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Because of the presence of endogenous ALC, the calibration was performed using dialyzed serum. The dissolution profiles of the two ALC tablets were similar in all the dissolution media. The pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_max and T_max between two tablets were 0.35%, 0.93% and 2.34%, respectively, when calculated against the Nicetile^TM tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_max were 98.72% and 85.48%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (Δ) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 13.21% and 18.42% for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -7.38~8.09 and -9.86~11.72 for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). These two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that L-Cartin^TM tablet is bioequivalent to Nicetile^TM tablet.

제2급 와동에 충전된 Compomer의 미세누출에 관한 연구

조용범,임재훈 大韓齒科保存學會 1999 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.24 No.2

아젭틴 정(염산아젤라스틴 1 mg)에 대한 아젤라 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,윤지훈,서유리,오인준,이성관,문재동,이용복 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 약품개발연구지 Vol.10 No.-

Azelastine, a phthalazinone derivative, is an antiallergic agent which demonstrates histamine H_1-receptor antagonist activity and also inhibits histamine release from mast cells following antigen and non-antigen stimuli. Thus, azelastine may be useful in the management of both asthma and allergic disorders. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two azelastine hydrochloride tablets, Azeptin^TM (Bu Kwang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Azela^TM (Kyung Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Eighteen normal male volunteers, 22.44±2.01 years in age and 61.99±6.18㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After two tablets containing 1㎎ of azelastine hydrochloride per tablet were orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of azelastine in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_max and T_max between two tablets were -6.45%, -2.60% and -7.14%, respectively, when calculated against the Azeptin^TM tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_max were 96.65% and 88.47%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (Δ) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 14.40% and 17.65% for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -14.87∼1.97 and -12.92∼7.72 for AUC_t and C_max respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Azela^TM tablet is bioequivalent to Azeptin^TM tablet.

가스크로마토그래피를 이용한 요중 마뇨산 측정시 새로운 시료 전처리 방법의 검증

조수현,임용현,김선민,권호장,하미나,한상환 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Urinary hippuric acid was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. A simple and economical derivatization procedure using excessive methanol in acidic condition was adopted to esterify hippuric acid. Quantitative analysis was performed with two internal standards, heptadecanoic acid and hydrocinnamic acid, to evaluate the derivatization procedure as an analytical method. Using the standard addition method, linear and reproducible calibration curves were obtained for both internal standards. Calibration experiment showed that good quantitative result could also be obtained with the calibration curve obtained without urine matrix. Recovery rates for the urine samples were in the range of 95.6∼111.4%. Using hydrocinnamic acid as internal standard, analysis time could be reduced.