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Song, Kyung Seuk,Park, Kun Ho,Yoo, Gi Yong,Song, Sung-Ok,Kim, Hyun Woo,Kim, Jun Sung,Park, Jin Hong,Eu, Guk Joung,Hua, Jin,Cho, Hyun Sun,Hwang, Soon Kyung,Chang, Seung Hee,Tehrani, Arash Minai,Yu, Kye Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2004 Toxicological Research Vol.19 No.3
Inhalation toxicity, mutagenicity, and immunotoxicity tests were performed using a smoke generation system to investigate the safety of Herbrette, a tobacco substitute made with the leaves of Perilla frutescens. ICR mice were exposed to nicotine-free Herbrette smoke with concentrations of 0 (control), 4.08 $\pm$ 1.32 mg/$m^3$ (low dose), 7.72 $\pm$ 2.14 mg/$m^3$ (medium dose) and 12.83 $\pm$ 1.69 mg/$m^3$ (high dose) total particulate matters (TPM) for 4 weeks. When compared to the control group, the body weights, organ weights in the exposed groups did not show any significant differences. However, certain change of several serum chemical data and biochemical parameters were observed, however, the changes were within normal physiological ranges. Moreover, no changes in organ weight, and no gross/microscopic changes were observed between the exposed and control groups. Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation, in vivo chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assays revealed that Herbrette did not induce mutagenicity. Upon evaluation of peripheral cellular immunity of mice through in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay, no significant difference was observed in mean stimulation index between the exposed and control groups. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that Herbrette may not cause toxicity on mice under current condition.
( Yong Geun Jeong ),( Hyun Ok Kim ),( Hye Song Lim ),( Young Sool Hah ),( Hee Young Cho ),( Jia Hua Yu ),( Byung Hyun Park ),( Gou Young Koh ),( Sang Il Lee ) 대한류마티스학회 2012 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.19 No.2
Objective. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) is a potent angiogenic factor that can increase synovial angiogenesis and also enhance osteoblast maturation and bone formation. However, its role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been well documented. Thus, we investigated roles of Ang1 in collagen- induced arthritis (CIA). Methods. A recombinant adenovirus carrying the gene that encodes either cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (AdCOMP)-Ang1 (a modified form of Ang1) or LacZ (AdLacZ) was injected intravenously into CIA mice. Clinical, radiological, histopathological, and immunofluorescent analyses were performed. Serum levels of receptor activators of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) and expression of osteoblast maturation genes were analyzed. Results. AdCOMP-Ang1-injected mice developed more severe inflammation than the AdLacZ-injected mice. However, there were no significant differences in cartilage damage and bone erosion. More PECAM-1-positive blood vessels were seen in the synovium of the AdCOMP-Ang1-injected mice than in those injected with AdLacZ. Interestingly, a lower number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts were observed in AdCOMP-Ang1-injected CIA mice than in the AdLacZ group when comparing sections obtained from joints showing similar synovial proliferation. The serum OPG/RANKL ratio and expression of osteoblast maturation genes, such as runt-related transcription factor 2, bone sialoprotein, type 1 collagen, osteopontin, and osterix, were significantly upregulated in the AdCOMP-Ang1 group. Conclusion. COMP-Ang1 facilitates arthritis onset and increases synovial inflammation, but enhances osteoblast maturation, which in turn inhibits osteoclastogenesis by increasing the OPG/RANKL ratio in CIA. Our results suggest that careful investigation is necessary to delineate the possible therapeutic use of COMP-Ang1 as an adjunctive agent, in combination with anti-inflammatory therapies, for the prevention of bone destruction in RA.
Identification of Specific Gene Modules in Mouse Lung Tissue Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Xing, Yong-Hua,Zhang, Jun-Ling,Lu, Lu,Li, De-Guan,Wang, Yue-Ying,Huang, Song,Li, Cheng-Cheng,Zhang, Zhu-Bo,Li, Jian-Guo,Xu, Guo-Shun,Meng, Ai-Min Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.10
Background: Exposure to cigarette may affect human health and increase risk of a wide range of diseases including pulmonary diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, lung fibrosis and lung cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis induced by cigarettes still remain obscure even with extensive studies. With systemic view, we attempted to identify the specific gene modules that might relate to injury caused by cigarette smoke and identify hub genes for potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers from specific gene modules. Materials and Methods: The dataset GSE18344 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and divided into mouse cigarette smoke exposure and control groups. Subsequently, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to construct a gene co-expression network for each group and detected specific gene modules of cigarette smoke exposure by comparison. Results: A total of ten specific gene modules were identified only in the cigarette smoke exposure group but not in the control group. Seven hub genes were identified as well, including Fip1l1, Anp32a, Acsl4, Evl, Sdc1, Arap3 and Cd52. Conclusions: Specific gene modules may provide better understanding of molecular mechanisms, and hub genes are potential candidates of therapeutic targets that may possible improve development of novel treatment approaches.
Wang, Yong-Sheng,Wang, Yin-Hua,Xia, Hong-Ping,Zhou, Song-Wen,Schmid-Bindert, Gerald,Zhou, Cai-Cun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1
Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations derive clinical benefit from treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors ((EGFR-TKIs)-namely gefitinib and erlotinib. However, these patients eventually develop resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Despite the fact that this acquired resistance may be the result of a secondary mutation in the EGFR gene, such as T790M or amplification of the MET proto-oncogene, there are other mechanisms which need to be explored. MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis, tumor progression and chemo-resistance. In this study, we firstly successfully established a gefitinib resistant cell line-HCC827/GR, by exposing normal HCC827 cells (an NSCLC cell line with a 746E-750A in-frame deletion of EGFR gene) to increasing concentrations of gefitinib. Then, we found that miR-214 was significantly up-regulated in HCC827/GR. We also showed that miR-214 and PTEN were inversely expressed in HCC827/GR. Knockdown of miR-214 altered the expression of PTEN and p-AKT and re-sensitized HCC827/GR to gefitinib. Taken together, miR-214 may regulate the acquired resistance to gefitinib in HCC827 via PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Suppression of miR-214 may thus reverse the acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs therapy.
Semantic Differential Analysis of the Soundscape in Urban Park
( Xiu Hua Song ),( Tae Dong Cho ),( Yong Ji Piao ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.9
In this study, soundscape was analyzed through physical measurement and social surveys. The results showed that, soundscape components were related to functional partitions and tourist activities, at the same time influenced by ambient noise. The sound pressure levels showed daily regular changes. Semantic differential analysis showed that the evaluation of the soundscape in urban park was rather complicated. It was still possible to identify major factors including relaxation, spatiality and environment. The results provided theoretical basis for improving urban park soundscape, and called attention to this problem.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE : Influencing the Willingness to Pay for Urban Park Service Functions
( Xiu Hua Song ),( Tae Dong Cho ),( Xiao Xia Lang ),( Yong Ji Piao ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.10
The contingent valuation method (CVM) was used along with a questionnaire survey and field research methods to analyze the factors affecting willingness to pay (WTP) for urban parks in Tai’an. The results indicated that roughly 50% of the residents visited the urban parks weekly. Doing physical exercises and viewing topped the list of activities. Residents of different characteristics had different WTPs for the service functions of urban parks. From the two surveys, 60.1% and 61.4% of residents would be willing to pay. The average individual WTPs were 42.2 yuan·a-1 and 43.1 yuan·a-1 in the two surveys, and the medianin dividual WTP was 20.0 yuan·a-1. WTP was mainly affected by satisfaction, and WTP value was mainly affected by education level and income. Other factors had some correlation, but none were significant. Finally, some useful suggestions and references were given to the government in order to enhance the urban park services proposal.
Noise-reduction Function and its Affecting Factors of Plant Communities
( Xiu-hua Song ),( Qian-qian Wu ),( Dong-ming Yu ),( Piao Yong-ji ),( Tae-dong Cho ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.10
In this study, we investigated the relationship between noise reduction and the community structure of nine groups of typical plant communities as well as the reduction in noise at different frequencies. The semantic differential method was adopted to explore the perception of noise reduction. The results indicated that there was a significantly positive correlation between noise reduction and coverage , a significantly negative correlation between noise reduction and bifurcate height, and a negative correlation between noise reduction and bare rate. However, there was no significant correlation between noise reduction and height, diameter at breast height, or crown width. The reduction of middle-frequency noise was better than that of low- and high-frequency noise. The indicators "quiet" and "calm" showed that plant communities could reduce the noise perceived by humans. However, overly dense woodland caused nervousness, fear, depression, and other negative effects. Relatively open environments and those with large forest gaps obtained the highest evaluation.