Clinical spectrum of elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease in India

Yogesh Kumar Gupta,Arshdeep Singh,Vikram Narang,Vandana Midha,Ramit Mahajan,Varun Mehta,Dharmatma Singh,Namita Bansal,Madeline Vithya Barnaba Durairaj,Amit Kumar Dutta,Ajit Sood 대한장연구학회 2023 Intestinal Research Vol.21 No.2

Background/Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasingly being recognized in elderly patients. Data on clinical spectrum of elderly-onset IBD patients is lacking from India. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of patients diagnosed with IBD was conducted at 2 centers in India. The clinical spectrum of elderly-onset IBD including demographic profile (age and sex), clinical presentation, disease characteristics (disease behavior and severity, extent of disease), and treatment were recorded and compared with adult-onset IBD. Results: During the study period, 3,922 (3,172 ulcerative colitis [UC] and 750 Crohn’s disease [CD]) patients with IBD were recorded in the database. A total of 186 patients (4.74%; 116 males [62.36%]) had elderly-onset IBD (69.35% UC and 30.64% CD). Diarrhea, blood in stools, nocturnal frequency and pain abdomen were the commonest presentations for UC, whereas pain abdomen, weight loss and diarrhea were the most frequent symptoms in CD. For both elderly onset UC and CD, majority of the patients had moderately severe disease. Left-sided colitis was the commonest disease location in UC. Isolated ileal disease and inflammatory behavior were the most common disease location and behavior, respectively in CD. 5-Aminosalicylates were the commonest prescribed drug for both elderly onset UC and CD. Thiopurines and biologics were used infrequently. Prevalence of colorectal cancer was higher in elderly onset IBD. Conclusions: Elderly onset IBD is not uncommon in India. Both the elderly onset UC and CD were milder, with no significant differences in disease characteristics (disease extent, location and behavior) when compared to adult-onset IBD. Colorectal cancer was more common in elderly onset IBD.

A Hybrid Approach for Regression Testing in Interprocedural Program

Singh, Yogesh,Kaur, Arvinder,Suri, Bharti Korea Information Processing Society 2010 Journal of information processing systems Vol.6 No.1

Software maintenance is one of the major activities of the software development life cycle. Due to the time and cost constraint it is not possible to perform exhaustive regression testing. Thus, there is a need for a technique that selects and prioritizes the effective and important test cases so that the testing effort is reduced. In an analogous study we have proposed a new variable based algorithm that works on variables using the hybrid technique. However, in the real world the programs consist of multiple modules. Hence, in this work we propose a regression testing algorithm that works on interprocedural programs. In order to validate and analyze this technique we have used various programs. The result shows that the performance and accuracy of this technique is very high.

Theoretical and Experimental Study of UV Detection Characteristics of Pd/ZnO Nanorod Schottky Diodes

Shaivalini Singh,Pramod Kumar Tiwari,Hemant Kumar,Yogesh Kumar,Gopal Rawat,Sanjay Kumar,Kunal Singh,Ekta Goel,S. Jit,박시현 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2017 NANO Vol.12 No.11

In this work, we report theoretical and experimental study of Pd/ZnO nanorod (NR) Schottky diodes-based ultraviolet photodetector (UV-PD). The ZnO-NRs are deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates by using a low-temperature hydrothermal method. The surface morphology of the ZnO-NRs film is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM image shows vertically grown NRs with uniformity, and XRD shows the preferred (002) orientation of ZnO-NR films. The current–voltage characteristics of Pd/ZnO-NR Schottky diodes are studied under dark and UV light. A voltage bias from -1V to +1V is applied and the ratio of photocurrent to dark current was ( ~0.17 x 10 2 at V = 0.5V) calculated from the I–V curve. The value of responsivity was found to be 0.111A/W at λ = 365 nm and at bias = 0.50 V. An approximated UV-PD structure has also been numerically simulated using three-dimensional (3D) device simulator from Visual TCAD of Cogenda International. The simulated I–V characteristics have also been plotted under both dark and light conditions. The simulated results are found to be following the nature of experimental results.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-disk accurately predicts the daily life burden and parallels disease activity in patients with IBD

( Arshdeep Singh ),( Yogesh Kumar Gupta ),( Ashvin Singh Dhaliwal ),( Bhavjeet Kaur Kahlon ),( Vasu Bansal ),( Ramit Mahajan ),( Varun Mehta ),( Dharmatma Singh ),( Ramandeep Kaur ),( Namita Bansal ) 대한장연구학회 2023 Intestinal Research Vol.21 No.3

Background/Aims: The inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-disk is a validated, visual, 10-item, self-administered questionnaire used to evaluate IBD-related disability. The present study aimed to evaluate IBD-disk in assessment of IBD daily life burden and its relation with disease activity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2021 and December 2021. Patients with IBD were asked to complete the IBD-disk and a visual analogue scale of IBD daily-life burden (scored from 0-10, score >5 indicative of high burden). The internal consistency of IBD-disk, correlation with IBD daily life burden and disease activity (assessed by partial Mayo score and Harvey Bradshaw Index in patients with ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn’s disease [CD], respectively) and diagnostic performance of IBD-disk to detect high burden were analyzed. Results: Out of the 546 patients (mean age 40.33±13.74 years, 282 [51.6%] males) who completed the IBD-disk, 464 (84.98%) had UC and the remaining (n=82, 15.02%) had CD. A total of 311 patients (291 UC and 20 CD; 56.95%) had active disease. The mean IBD-disk total score and IBD daily life burden were 18.39±15.23 and 2.45±2.02, respectively. The IBD-disk total score correlated strongly with the IBD daily life burden (ρ=0.94, P< 0.001), moderately with partial Mayo score (ρ=0.50) and weakly with Harvey Bradshaw Index (ρ=0.34). The IBD-disk total score >30 predicted high IBD daily-life burden. Conclusions: The IBD-disk accurately predicts the daily life burden and parallels disease activity in patients with IBD and can be applied in clinical practice. (Intest Res 2023;21:375-384)

Incidental benefits after fecal microbiota transplant for ulcerative colitis

( Ramit Mahajan ),( Vandana Midha ),( Arshdeep Singh ),( Varun Mehta ),( Yogesh Gupta ),( Kirandeep Kaur ),( Ritu Sudhakar ),( Anmol Singh Pannu ),( Dharmatma Singh ),( Ajit Sood ) 대한장연구학회 2020 Intestinal Research Vol.18 No.3

Gut dysbiosis can result in several diseases, including infections (Clostridium difficile infection and infectious gastroenteritis), autoimmune diseases (inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, and allergic disorders), behavioral disorders and other conditions like metabolic syndrome and functional gastrointestinal disorders. Amongst various therapies targeting gut microbiome, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is becoming a focus in the public media and peer reviewed literature. We have been using FMT for induction of remission in patients with moderate to severe active ulcerative colitis (UC) and also for subsequent maintenance of remission. Four cases reported incidental benefits while being treated with FMT for UC. These included weight loss (n = 1), improvement in hair loss (n = 1), amelioration of axial arthritis (n = 1) and improvement in allergic rhinitis (n = 1), thereby suggesting potential clinical applications of FMT in treating extraintestinal diseases associated with gut dysbiosis. (Intest Res 2020;18:337-340)

Lead phytomolecules for gastroprotective drug development

Yogesh Murti,Krishn Kumar Agrawal,Bhupesh Chander Semwal,Sonia Singh 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.3

Peptic ulcer disease represents an important public health problem worldwide. Such disease may occur due to improper balance in the aggressive as well as in the defensive mechanisms. Although proton pump inhibitors reduces the production of stomach acid and help in decreasing mortality and morbidity rates due to gastic problems. Products obtained from natural sources also represent therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of gastric problems. Gastroprotective effect of herbs is endorsed to its bioactive phytomolecules present in it. In view of this, study was designed to survey the literature of secondary metabolite, plant source as well as signaling pathways. For literature survey of secondary metabolites, plant sources and signaling pathways various electronis databases were searched and data were compiled.The study of this literature survey revealed that secondary metabolites from plant origin have the potential to become the active gastroprotective agent. Consequently, phytomolecules are proved to be ideal one with much effectiveness property and possessing less toxicity associated with therapeutic potential for preventing and curing the gastrointestinal disorders. It can, therefore, be identified and recommended as a novel lead for drug development process to design gastroprotective drug.

Sampling Plans Based on Truncated Life Test for a Generalized Inverted Exponential Distribution

Singh, Sukhdev,Tripathi, Yogesh Mani,Jun, Chi-Hyuck Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2015 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.14 No.2

In this paper, we propose a two-stage group acceptance sampling plan for generalized inverted exponential distribution under truncated life test. Median life is considered as a quality parameter. Design parameters are obtained to ensure that true median life is longer than a given specified life at certain level of consumer's risk and producer's risk. We also explore situations under which design parameters based on median lifetime can be used for other percentile points. Tables and specific examples are reported to explain the proposed plans. Finally a real data set is analyzed to implement the plans in practical situations and some suggestions are given.

Developing Relationship between Tax Structure, Pension Funds and Economic Growth in OECD Nations

Tarika Singh,Seema Mehta,Yogesh Tomar,Brajesh Srivastava 동아시아경상학회 2013 The East Asian Journal of Business Economics Vol.1 No.2

Purpose: The present study combines both tax structures and pension funds as the factors of economic importance and explores the impact of both (pension funds and tax rates) on the economic growth in context of OECD nations. Research Design, Data and Methodology: Last forty years data on these variables is taken for study purpose. A Sample size of thirty four nations which form the part of OECD nations was taken for study purpose. Results: Regression analysis (linear) was used to find out relationship between tax structure, Pension funds and economic growth. Conclusion: The results are important for nations increasing their expenditure for social contribution.

Sampling Plans Based on Truncated Life Test for a Generalized Inverted Exponential Distribution

Sukhdev Singh,Yogesh Mani Tripathi,Chi-Hyuck Jun 대한산업공학회 2015 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.14 No.2

In this paper, we propose a two-stage group acceptance sampling plan for generalized inverted exponential distribution under truncated life test. Median life is considered as a quality parameter. Design parameters are obtained to ensure that true median life is longer than a given specified life at certain level of consumer’s risk and producer’s risk. We also explore situations under which design parameters based on median lifetime can be used for other percentile points. Tables and specific examples are reported to explain the proposed plans. Finally a real data set is analyzed to implement the plans in practical situations and some suggestions are given.

Analysis of electrical performance of MgZnO/ZnO high electron mobility transistor

Verma Yogesh Kumar,Dheep Raam,Adhikari Manoj Singh 한국물리학회 2024 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.84 No.4

The electrical performance of MgZnO/ZnO high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is analyzed in this work. A physicsbased analysis is performed to compute the two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG density: ns) for diferent gate-voltage (Vg), diference in the Fermi potential (EF) and position of frst sub-band (E0), linearity range measurement parameter: d(EF−E0)/dVg, gate-source capacitance (Cgs) for diferent thickness of barrier layer (d=30, 35, and 40 nm); Mg composition (x=0.37, 0.47, and 0.57); and temperature (T=300, 400, and 500 K). It is noticed that in the weak-inversion region: −4 V<Vg<0.1 V; the magnitude of ns is highest for highest value of d (=40 nm). The results show that ns is enhanced with increase in mole fraction of Mg and its magnitude is computed highest for x=0.57 due to increased polarization charges at the hetero-interface generated due to strain. It is noticed that in the weak-inversion region, ns is increased signifcantly with respect to temperature as compared to the other region i.e., 0.1 V<Vg<6 V