Comparison of Fecal Microbiota of Mongolian and Thoroughbred Horses by High-throughput Sequencing of the V4 Region of the 16S rRNA Gene

Zhao, Yiping,Li, Bei,Bai, Dongyi,Huang, Jinlong,Shiraigo, Wunierfu,Yang, Lihua,Zhao, Qinan,Ren, Xiujuan,Wu, Jing,Bao, Wuyundalai,Dugarjaviin, Manglai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.9

The hindgut of horses is an anaerobic fermentative chamber for a complex and dynamic microbial population, which plays a critical role in health and energy requirements. Research on the gut microbiota of Mongolian horses has not been reported until now as far as we know. Mongolian horse is a major local breed in China. We performed high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes V4 hypervariable regions from gut fecal material to characterize the gut microbiota of Mongolian horses and compare them to the microbiota in Thoroughbred horses. Fourteen Mongolian and 19 Thoroughbred horses were used in the study. A total of 593,678 sequence reads were obtained from 33 samples analyzed, which were found to belong to 16 phyla and 75 genera. The bacterial community compositions were similar for the two breeds. Firmicutes (56% in Mongolian horses and 53% in Thoroughbred horses) and Bacteroidetes (33% and 32% respectively) were the most abundant and predominant phyla followed by Spirochaete, Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, and Fibrobacteres. Of these 16 phyla, five (Synergistetes, Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, TM7, and Chloroflexi) were significantly different (p<0.05) between the two breeds. At the genus level, Treponema was the most abundant genus (43% in Mongolian horses vs 29% in Thoroughbred horses), followed by Ruminococcus, Roseburia, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Anaeroplasma, which were detected in higher distribution proportion in Mongolian horses than in Thoroughbred horses. In contrast, Oscillibacter, Fibrobacter, Methanocorpusculum, and Succinivibrio levels were lower in Mongolian horses. Among 75 genera, 30 genera were significantly different (p<0.05) between the two breeds. We found that the environment was one of very important factors that influenced horse gut microbiota. These findings provide novel information about the gut microbiota of Mongolian horses and a foundation for future investigations of gut bacterial factors that may influence the development and progression of gastrointestinal disease in horses.

SMGSA algorithm‑based MPPT control strategy

Yiping Xiao,Yunfeng Zhao,Zongtao Shen,Hongjian Jiao 전력전자학회 2024 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.24 No.5

Under partial shading conditions (PSCs), photovoltaic arrays exhibit power–voltage curves with multiple peaks. This phenomenon complicates the task of traditional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms, since they often converge to local maximum power points. To tackle this challenge, a novel MPPT control strategy, termed the slime mold golden sine algorithm (SMGSA), was introduced in this paper. This strategy adeptly identifies and tracks the global maximum power point. The efficacy of the SMGSA algorithm was assessed through six test functions from IEEE CEC 2020. A comparative analysis underscored its superior performance in both convergence speed and accuracy. A simulation model for MPPT was developed in MATLAB/Simulink. Within this model, various algorithms such as particle swarm optimization (PSO), tuna swarm optimization (TSO), slime mold algorithm (SMA), and SMGSA were examined. Comparative simulations revealed that the SMGSA-based MPPT strategy showcased expedited convergence speed and heightened accuracy under scenarios of uniform irradiance intensity, partial static shading, and dynamic shading. Consequently, the implementation of an SMGSAbased MPPT system can notably enhance the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic arrays under PSCs.

A new orthogonality-based estimation for varying-coefficient partially linear models

Peixin Zhao,Yiping Yang 한국통계학회 2019 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.48 No.1

Varying coefficient partially linear models are usually used for longitudinal data analysis, and an interest is mainly to improve efficiency of regression coefficients. By the orthogonality estimation technology and the quadratic inference function method, we propose a new orthogonality-based estimation method to estimate parameter and nonparametric components in varying coefficient partially linear models with longitudinal data. The proposed procedure can separately estimate the parametric and nonparametric components, and the resulting estimators do not affect each other. Under some mild conditions, we establish some asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators. Furthermore, the finite sample performance of the proposed procedure is assessed by some simulation experiments.

Regularization statistical inferences for partially linear models with high dimensional endogenous covariates

Liu Changqing,Zhao Peixin,Yang Yiping 한국통계학회 2021 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.50 No.1

In this paper, we consider the statistical inferences for a class of partially linear models with high dimensional endogenous covariates, when high dimensional instrumental variables are also available. A regularized estimation procedure is proposed for identifying the optimal instrumental variables, and estimating covariate efects of the parametric and nonparametric components. Under some conditions, some theoretical properties are studied, such as the consistency of the optimal instrumental variable identifcation and signifcant covariate selection. Furthermore, some simulation studies and a real data analysis are carried out to examine the fnite sample performance of the proposed method.

MULTIVARIATE EFFECTIVENESS OF ECOLANE AND ECOHMI BASED COOPERATIVE VEHICLE-INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEM

Qiang Fu,Yiping Wu,Xiaohua Zhao,Yang Bian,Li HaijianLi 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.1

The cooperative vehicle-infrastructure system (CVIS) offers opportunities to further enhance the potential of energy saving and emission reduction for eco-driving. However, it is still not clear about the effectiveness of CVIS on promoting eco-driving nor the multivariate effectiveness of CVIS designed for eco-driving on traffic flow and safety characteristics. A dedicated ecological lane (Ecolane) and ecological human-machine-interaction (EcoHMI) based CVIS (Ecolane-HMI-CVIS) were developed based on driving simulator technology. An experiment of 35 participants was conducted to study eco-driving behavior and final utility to identify the influence of Ecolane-HMI-CVIS. The results indicated that the Ecolane-HMI-CVIS enhanced eco-driving behavior and reduced emission, with CO and NOX significantly reduced by 10.72 % and 9.83 % respectively. The Ecolane-HMI-CVIS reduced the headway and promoted vehicle operation stability, ordering, and improved traffic capacity about 10 %. No negative impact of Ecolane-HMI-CVIS was observed on traffic safety. This study developed a test platform based on driving simulator to explore the multivariate influence of Ecolane-HMI-CVIS. In addition to analyzing the overall effect of Ecolane-HMI-CVIS during the whole experimental section, its detailed influence at each key zone and in spatial change process were also analyzed. This research contributed to better understanding of the working mechanism and effectiveness of Ecolane-HMI-CVIS, and provide technical and policy references of CVIS based eco-driving for traffic management departments.

Multi-degree-of-freedom Internal Model Control for Optoelectronic Stabilized Platform Based on Sliding Mode Friction Compensation

Shuaishuai Sui,Yiping Yao,Tong Zhao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.12

A multi-degree-of-freedom (multi-DOF) control method is proposed in this paper for the optoelectronic platform affected by internal and external disturbances. First, internal model control (IMC) is used to track the desired signal, and combined with radial basis function neural network (RBFNN)-based sliding mode control (SMC) to compensate for friction torque and weaken model uncertainty. Then, linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) is introduced to observe and compensate for sensor noise as well as external unknown disturbances, so that the optoelectronic platform can operate under complex working conditions. The input and disturbance sensitivity functions in a pure feedback control system cannot reach their minimum values in the same frequency band, so there is an inherent contradiction between their tracking and disturbance rejection performance. Combining IMC-SMC-RBFNN with LADRC as a multi-DOF controller can guarantee both tracking and disturbance rejection performance. Lyapunov theory and Barbalat lemma prove the asymptotic stability of the control system. Simulations show that the multi-DOF controller has a good control effect under the mixed disturbances such as parameter perturbation, friction torque and sensor noise, which has reference value for the development of practical optoelectronic platform systems.

Polymorphisms in the Perilipin Gene May Affect Carcass Traits of Chinese Meat-type Chickens

Lu Zhang,Qing Zhu,Yiping Liu,Elizabeth R. Gilbert,Diyan Li,Huadong Yin,Yan Wang,Zhiqin Yang,Zhen Wang,Yuncong Yuan,Xiao-Ling Zhao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.6

Improved meat quality and greater muscle yield are highly sought after in high-quality chicken breeding programs. Past studies indicated that polymorphisms of the Perilipin gene (PLIN1) are highly associated with adiposity in mammals and are potential molecular markers for improving meat quality and carcass traits in chickens. In the present study, we screened single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in all exons of the PLIN1 gene with a direct sequencing method in six populations with different genetic backgrounds (total 240 individuals). We evaluated the association between the polymorphisms and carcass and meat quality traits. We identified three SNPs, located on the 5′ flanking region and exon 1 of PLIN1 on chromosome 10 (rs315831750, rs313726543, and rs80724063, respectively). Eight main haplotypes were constructed based on these SNPs. We calculated the allelic and genotypic frequencies, and genetic diversity parameters of the three SNPs. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.2768 to 0.3750, which reflected an intermediate genetic diversity for all chickens. The CC, CT, and TT genotypes influenced the percentage of breast muscle (PBM), percentage of leg muscle (PLM) and percentage of abdominal fat at rs315831750 (p<0.05). Diplotypes (haplotype pairs) affected the percentage of eviscerated weight (PEW) and PBM (p<0.05). Compared with chickens carrying other diplotypes, H3H7 had the greatest PEW and H2H2 had the greatest PBM, and those with diplotype H7H7 had the smallest PEW and PBM. We conclude that PLIN1 gene polymorphisms may affect broiler carcass and breast muscle yields, and diplotypes H3H7 and H2H2 could be positive molecular markers to enhance PEW and PBM in chickens.

Serological and molecular epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus infections in swine herds in China, 2006–2012

Chunxia Chai,Qiao Wang,Sanjie Cao,Qin Zhao,Yiping Wen,Xiaobo Huang,Xintian Wen,Qiguai Yan,Xiaoping Ma,Rui Wu 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.1

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne, zoonotic flavivirus causing viral encephalitis in humans and reproductive disorder in swine. JEV is prevalent throughout China in human; however, spatiotemporal analysis of JEV in Chinese swine herds has not been reported previously. Herein, we present serological and molecular epidemiological results and estimates of prevalence of JEV infections among swine herds in various regions of China. The results suggest that JEV infections are widespread and genotype I and III strains co-exist in the same regions. Therefore, there is an urgent need to monitor JEV infection status among swine herds in China.

Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram Based on Clinical and CT Features for Adverse Outcome Prediction in Patients with COVID-19

Zheng Yingyan,Xiao Anling,Yu Xiangrong,Zhao Yajing,Lu Yiping,Li Xuanxuan,Mei Nan,She Dejun,Wang Dongdong,Geng Daoying,Yin Bo 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.8

Objective: The purpose of our study was to investigate the predictive abilities of clinical and computed tomography (CT) features for outcome prediction in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Materials and Methods: The clinical and CT data of 238 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in our two hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. One hundred sixty-six patients (103 males; age 43.8 ± 12.3 years) were allocated in the training cohort and 72 patients (38 males; age 45.1 ± 15.8 years) from another independent hospital were assigned in the validation cohort. The primary composite endpoint was admission to an intensive care unit, use of mechanical ventilation, or death. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to identify independent predictors. A nomogram was constructed based on the combination of clinical and CT features, and its prognostic performance was externally tested in the validation group. The predictive value of the combined model was compared with models built on the clinical and radiological attributes alone. Results: Overall, 35 infected patients (21.1%) in the training cohort and 10 patients (13.9%) in the validation cohort experienced adverse outcomes. Underlying comorbidity (hazard ratio [HR], 3.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.67–6.71; p < 0.001), lymphocyte count (HR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.04–0.38; p < 0.001) and crazy-paving sign (HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.03–4.48; p = 0.042) were the independent factors. The nomogram displayed a concordance index (C-index) of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76–0.88), and its prognostic value was confirmed in the validation cohort with a C-index of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.82–0.96). The combined model provided the best performance over the clinical or radiological model (p < 0.050). Conclusion: Underlying comorbidity, lymphocyte count and crazy-paving sign were independent predictors of adverse outcomes. The prognostic nomogram based on the combination of clinical and CT features could be a useful tool for predicting adverse outcomes of patients with COVID-19.

Polymorphisms in the Perilipin Gene May Affect Carcass Traits of Chinese Meat-type Chickens

Zhang, Lu,Zhu, Qing,Liu, Yiping,Gilbert, Elizabeth R.,Li, Diyan,Yin, Huadong,Wang, Yan,Yang, Zhiqin,Wang, Zhen,Yuan, Yuncong,Zhao, Xiaoling Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.6

Improved meat quality and greater muscle yield are highly sought after in high-quality chicken breeding programs. Past studies indicated that polymorphisms of the Perilipin gene (PLIN1) are highly associated with adiposity in mammals and are potential molecular markers for improving meat quality and carcass traits in chickens. In the present study, we screened single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in all exons of the PLIN1 gene with a direct sequencing method in six populations with different genetic backgrounds (total 240 individuals). We evaluated the association between the polymorphisms and carcass and meat quality traits. We identified three SNPs, located on the 5' flanking region and exon 1 of PLIN1 on chromosome 10 (rs315831750, rs313726543, and rs80724063, respectively). Eight main haplotypes were constructed based on these SNPs. We calculated the allelic and genotypic frequencies, and genetic diversity parameters of the three SNPs. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.2768 to 0.3750, which reflected an intermediate genetic diversity for all chickens. The CC, CT, and TT genotypes influenced the percentage of breast muscle (PBM), percentage of leg muscle (PLM) and percentage of abdominal fat at rs315831750 (p<0.05). Diplotypes (haplotype pairs) affected the percentage of eviscerated weight (PEW) and PBM (p<0.05). Compared with chickens carrying other diplotypes, H3H7 had the greatest PEW and H2H2 had the greatest PBM, and those with diplotype H7H7 had the smallest PEW and PBM. We conclude that PLIN1 gene polymorphisms may affect broiler carcass and breast muscle yields, and diplotypes H3H7 and H2H2 could be positive molecular markers to enhance PEW and PBM in chickens.