Evaluation of failure criteria for composite plate under high-velocity impact

Yile Zhang,Yadong Zhou,Zhong Lu 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.7

Numerical simulations of bird-striking composite plates were conducted by using smoothed particle hydrodynamics and finite element method to evaluate the failure criteria. The damage prediction capability of four composite failure models (MAT22, MAT54, MAT55, and MAT58) with Shell and TShell element formulations was evaluated by using the finite element software LS-DYNA, and the numerical results were compared with the experimental results. Results show that the damage distributions of different composite material models differ significantly under high-velocity impact conditions. The time histories of the impact force and the kinetic energy of bird are similar for the four models. This condition can be attributed to the fact that the materials' strength and elastic parameters are the same between the different models. The damage characteristics of MAT55 and MAT22 with TShell elements are poorly related to the experimental results. MAT58 with Shell and TShell element formulations shows good agreement with the experiments, and the TShell element can better avoid the boundary effect during the impact process.

Bio-base Metal Organic Frameworks as Potential CO2 Adsorbents

Zhang Jiawei,Ma Jingjing,Liu Chen,Wang Qi,Xu Yiling,Fang Long,Xia Kai,Sun Deshuai 한국화학공학회 2024 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.41 No.7

Environmental friendliness and high adsorption capacity are important properties of CO 2 adsorbents. Bio-based metal– organic framework (bioMOFs) materials off er notable benefi ts for CO 2 capture. Amino acids like L -glutamic acid (Glu) and L-aspartate (Asp) are employed as ligands for the synthesis of bioMOFs, Asp-Cu and Glu-Cu. Characterization results confi rmed that Asp-Cu and Glu-Cu possessed tertiary amine and secondary amine structures, respectively. The adsorption capacities of Glu-Cu and Asp-Cu were up to 253 mg·g −1 and 277 mg·g −1 at 1 bar CO 2 pressure and 190 mg·g −1 and 223 mg·g −1 at 0.15 bar CO 2 pressure. The CO 2 adsorption properties of bioMOFs were comprehensively evaluated under various conditions, including temperature, water content, SO 2 concentration, and other compositions. Adsorption data were fi tted well with the pseudo-fi rst-order kinetics and Weber-Morris intraparticle diff usion model. The kinetic studies revealed that a small amount of water signifi cantly accelerated the pseudo-fi rst-order kinetic constants, whereas excess water vapor greatly hindered the intra-diff usion constants of CO 2 . The presence of SO 2 led to a decrease in the adsorption capacity of both MOFs due to rapid reactions occurring with active sites on the MOF surface. Furthermore, these bioMOFs were easily recovered and regenerated for at least 20 cycles. The primary CO 2 adsorption mechanism involved catalytic hydration reactions on Asp-Cu, while chemical adsorption occurred on Glu-Cu. Both mechanisms were accompanied by physical adsorption.

Enhanced recovery after surgery strategy for cirrhosis patients undergoing hepatectomy: experience in a single research center

Yiling Zheng,Liming Wang,Fan Wu,Weiqi Rong,Yunhe Liu,Kai Zhang,Jianxiong Wu 대한외과학회 2020 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.98 No.5

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme after curative liver resection in cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Methods: One hundred sixty-two patients were enrolled in the study; 80 patients whose data were collected prospectively were assigned to the ERAS group, and 82 patients whose data were collected retrospectively were assigned to the control group. Preoperative clinicopathologic factors, surgical factors, and postoperative outcomes of the 2 groups were compared. Logistic regression was applied to explore potential predictors of hospital stay and morbidity. Results: The postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complication rate, and recovery of liver function on postoperative day 5 seemed to be better in the ERAS group. The composition of complications was different in the 2 groups; pleural effusion and postoperative ascites were more common in the control group, and indocyanine green retention at 15 minutes, operation time, preoperative alanine aminotransferase, and number of liver segmentectomies were associated with postoperative complications rather than ERAS intervention. Conclusion: The ERAS programme is safe and effective for HCC patients with chronic liver disease undergoing hepatectomy, but it seems that surgical factors, such as operation type, have a greater impact on morbidity than other factors. Operative characteristics such as the method of blood loss control and the volume of liver resection should be augmented into ERAS protocol of hepatectomy.

Systematic analysis of genotype‐specific drug responses in cancer

Kim, Nayoung,He, Ningning,Kim, Changsik,Zhang, Fan,Lu, Yiling,Yu, Qinghua,Stemke‐,Hale, Katherine,Greshock, Joel,Wooster, Richard,Yoon, Sukjoon,Mills, Gordon B Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.131 No.10

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A systematic understanding of genotype‐specific sensitivity or resistance to anticancer agents is required to provide improved patient therapy. The availability of an expansive panel of annotated cancer cell lines enables comparative surveys of associations between genotypes and compounds of various target classes. Thus, one can better predict the optimal treatment for a specific tumor. Here, we present a statistical framework, cell line enrichment analysis (CLEA), to associate the response of anticancer agents with major cancer genotypes. Multilevel omics data, including transcriptome, proteome and phosphatome data, were integrated with drug data based on the genotypic classification of cancer cell lines. The results reproduced known patterns of compound sensitivity associated with particular genotypes. In addition, this approach reveals multiple unexpected associations between compounds and mutational genotypes. The mutational genotypes led to unique protein activation and gene expression signatures, which provided a mechanistic understanding of their functional effects. Furthermore, CLEA maps revealed interconnections between TP53 mutations and other mutations in the context of drug responses. The TP53 mutational status appears to play a dominant role in determining clustering patterns of gene and protein expression profiles for major cancer genotypes. This study provides a framework for the integrative analysis of mutations, drug responses and omics data in cancers.</P>

Comparative transcriptome analysis of wing discs from Bombyx mori and Bombyx mandarina

Feng Yongjie,Kumar Dhiraj,Hu Xiaolong,Zhang Yiling,Zhu Min,Xue Renyu,Cao Guangli,Gong Chengliang 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.2

The insect wing is developed from the wing imaginal disc which is designed from the embryonic ectoderm. To get insight into gene expression profiles in wing discs of Bombyx mori during metamorphosis, we compared the gene expression in the wing between B. mori and B. mandarina moth through RNA-seq. Out of total valid reads identified from the 5th day of 5th instar larvae of silkworm (L5), 7th day of pupae (P7), 1st day of moth (M1) and 1st day of wild silkworm moth (WM1), 20,092,004, 29,251,647, 24,654,695 and 19,753,089 reads were mapped to the mRNA reference sequences of silkworm, respectively. 9229, 7048, 9268 and 6701 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were respectively recorded in P7 vs L5, M1 vs P7, M1 vs L5 and WM1 vs M1. Further, the peroxisome, ribosome, endocytosis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways were significantly regulated in the metamorphosis of the silkworm. Our study identified 16 orthologous genes with a positive selection from M1, which might be subjected to artificial selection in the domestication of B. mori and would play vital roles in the flight of B. mandarina.

Insoluble Dietary Fiber from Pear Pomace Can Prevent High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats Mainly by Improving the Structure of the Gut Microbiota

( Shimin Chang ),( Xingtian Cui ),( Mingzhang Guo ),( Yiling Tian ),( Wentao Xu ),( Kunlun Huang ),( Yuxing Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.4

Supplement of dietary fibers (DF) is regarded as one of the most effective way to prevent and relieve chronic diseases caused by long-term intake of a high-fat diet in the current society. The health benefits of soluble dietary fibers (SDF) have been widely researched and applied, whereas the insoluble dietary fibers (IDF), which represent a higher proportion in plant food, were mistakenly thought to have effects only in fecal bulking. In this article, we proved the anti-obesity and glucose homeostasis improvement effects of IDF from pear pomace at first, and then the mechanisms responsible for these effects were analyzed. The preliminary study by real-time PCR and ELISA showed that this kind of IDF caused more changes in the gut microbiota compared with in satiety hormone or in hepatic metabolism. Further analysis of the gut microbiota by high-throughput amplicon sequencing showed IDF from pear pomace obviously improved the structure of the gut microbiota. Specifically, it promoted the growth of Bacteroidetes and inhibited the growth of Firmicutes. These results are coincident with previous hypothesis that the ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes is negatively related with obesity. In conclusion, our results demonstrated IDF from pear pomace could prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats mainly by improving the structure of the gut microbiota.

YAP/TAZ-Mediated Upregulation of GAB2 Leads to Increased Sensitivity to Growth Factor–Induced Activation of the PI3K Pathway

Wang, Chao,Gu, Chao,Jeong, Kang Jin,Zhang, Dong,Guo, Wei,Lu, Yiling,Ju, Zhenlin,Panupinthu, Nattapon,Yang, Ji Yeon,Gagea, Mihai (Mike),Ng, Patrick Kwok Shing,Zhang, Fan,Mills, Gordon B. American Association for Cancer Research 2017 Cancer Research Vol.77 No.7

<P>Interactions between HIPPO, YAP/TAZ, and the PI3K/AKT pathway may be therapeutically targetable, providing new approaches to treating endometrial cancers and other cancers where the HIPPO pathway is a core oncogenic driver.</P><P>The transcription regulators YAP and TAZ function as effectors of the HIPPO signaling cascade, critical for organismal development, cell growth, and cellular reprogramming, and YAP/TAZ is commonly misregulated in human cancers. The precise mechanism by which aberrant YAP/TAZ promotes tumor growth remains unclear. The HIPPO tumor suppressor pathway phosphorylates YAP and TAZ, resulting in cytosolic sequestration with subsequent degradation. Here, we report that the PI3K/AKT pathway, which is critically involved in the pathophysiology of endometrial cancer, interacts with the HIPPO pathway at multiple levels. Strikingly, coordinate knockdown of YAP and TAZ, mimicking activation of the HIPPO pathway, markedly decreased both constitutive and growth factor–induced PI3K pathway activation by decreasing levels of the GAB2 linker molecule in endometrial cancer lines. Furthermore, targeting YAP/TAZ decreased endometrial cancer tumor growth <I>in vivo</I>. In addition, YAP and TAZ total and phosphoprotein levels correlated with clinical characteristics and outcomes in endometrial cancer. Thus, YAP and TAZ, which are inhibited by the HIPPO tumor suppressor pathway, modify PI3K/AKT pathway signaling in endometrial cancer. The cross-talk between these key pathways identifies potential new biomarkers and therapeutic targets in endometrial cancer. <I>Cancer Res; 77(7); 1637–48. ©2017 AACR</I>.</P>

Rational combination therapy with PARP and MEK inhibitors capitalizes on therapeutic liabilities in <i>RAS</i> mutant cancers

Sun, Chaoyang,Fang, Yong,Yin, Jun,Chen, Jian,Ju, Zhenlin,Zhang, Dong,Chen, Xiaohua,Vellano, Christopher P.,Jeong, Kang Jin,Ng, Patrick Kwok-Shing,Eterovic, Agda Karina B.,Bhola, Neil H.,Lu, Yiling,Wes American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2017 Science translational medicine Vol.9 No.392

<P>Mutant <I>RAS</I> has remained recalcitrant to targeted therapy efforts. We demonstrate that combined treatment with poly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MEK) inhibitors evokes unanticipated, synergistic cytotoxic effects in vitro and in vivo in multiple <I>RAS</I> mutant tumor models across tumor lineages where <I>RAS</I> mutations are prevalent. The effects of PARP and MEK inhibitor combinations are independent of <I>BRCA1/2</I> and <I>p53</I> mutation status, suggesting that the synergistic activity is likely to be generalizable. Synergistic activity of PARP and MEK inhibitor combinations in <I>RAS</I> mutant tumors is associated with (i) induction of BIM-mediated apoptosis, (ii) decrease in expression of components of the homologous recombination DNA repair pathway, (iii) decrease in homologous recombination DNA damage repair capacity, (iv) decrease in DNA damage checkpoint activity, (v) increase in PARP inhibitor–induced DNA damage, (vi) decrease in vascularity that could increase PARP inhibitor efficacy by inducing hypoxia, and (vii) elevated PARP1 protein, which increases trapping activity of PARP inhibitors. Mechanistically, enforced expression of FOXO3a, which is a target of the RAS/MAPK pathway, was sufficient to recapitulate the functional consequences of MEK inhibitors including synergy with PARP inhibitors. Thus, the ability of mutant <I>RAS</I> to suppress FOXO3a and its reversal by MEK inhibitors accounts, at least in part, for the synergy of PARP and MEK inhibitors in <I>RAS</I> mutant tumors. The rational combination of PARP and MEK inhibitors warrants clinical investigation in patients with <I>RAS</I> mutant tumors where there are few effective therapeutic options.</P>

A-to-I RNA Editing Contributes to Proteomic Diversity in Cancer

Peng, Xinxin,Xu, Xiaoyan,Wang, Yumeng,Hawke, David H.,Yu, Shuangxing,Han, Leng,Zhou, Zhicheng,Mojumdar, Kamalika,Jeong, Kang Jin,Labrie, Marilyne,Tsang, Yiu Huen,Zhang, Minying,Lu, Yiling,Hwu, Patrick Cell Press 2018 CANCER CELL Vol. No.

BRD4 Inhibition Is Synthetic Lethal with PARP Inhibitors through the Induction of Homologous Recombination Deficiency

Sun, Chaoyang,Yin, Jun,Fang, Yong,Chen, Jian,Jeong, Kang Jin,Chen, Xiaohua,Vellano, Christopher P.,Ju, Zhenlin,Zhao, Wei,Zhang, Dong,Lu, Yiling,Meric-Bernstam, Funda,Yap, Timothy A.,Hattersley, Mauree Cell Press 2018 CANCER CELL Vol. No.

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are selectively active in cells with homologous recombination (HR) deficiency (HRD) caused by mutations in <I>BRCA1</I>, <I>BRCA2</I>, and other pathway members. We sought small molecules that induce HRD in HR-competent cells to induce synthetic lethality with PARPi and extend the utility of PARPi. We demonstrated that inhibition of bromodomain containing 4 (BRD4) induced HRD and sensitized cells across multiple tumor lineages to PARPi regardless of <I>BRCA1/2</I>, <I>TP53</I>, <I>RAS</I>, or <I>BRAF</I> mutation status through depletion of the DNA double-stand break resection protein CtIP (C-terminal binding protein interacting protein). Importantly, BRD4 inhibitor (BRD4i) treatment reversed multiple mechanisms of resistance to PARPi. Furthermore, PARPi and BRD4i are synergistic in multiple <I>in vivo</I> models.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> BRD4 inhibition decreases homologous recombination competency by decreasing CtIP </LI> <LI> PARP and BRD4 inhibitors demonstrate synergy in multiple cancer lineages </LI> <LI> CtIP rescues DNA end resection and HR defect caused by BRD4 inhibition </LI> <LI> BRD4 inhibition resensitizes cells with acquired PARPi resistance to PARPi </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>