Humour and Satire as a Social Criticism in Edgar Allan Poe’s Short Stories

Yang, Yihan 한국현대영어영문학회 2024 현대영어영문학 Vol.68 No.2

This paper aims to analyze Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories in order to explore the realities of American social life in the first half of the 19th century from the perspective of humour and satire, and finally, to criticize of social realities through those literary techniques. Humour is analyzed on the basis of the features of horror, comedy, and deception. And satire is discussed on two levels: literary satire and political one. This paper also focuses on the analysis of the internal connections and progressive levels of the three elements of humour, satire, and social criticism. Poe’s humour is not just mechanical hilarity and jokes, it is connected with the common feature of Poe’s short stories. Poe combines comical and horrifying features to produce a comical effect in his works, and finally achieves the purpose of satirizing and criticizing society. By narrating a series of highly authentic deceit stories, Poe expresses his criticism of the fake, evil and ugly phenomena in society. Poe attacked the arrogance, hypocrisy, and utilitarianism of the literary world in which his value was not recognized correctly. Poe's humour and satire arc ultimately in order to achieve the effect of social criticism. In Poe’s short stories, humour and satire are not just for comic and cynical effect. The essay posits that Poe’s humour and satire are closely related to social criticism.

Preparation of Manganese Dioxide Supercapacitors by Secondary Construction of Three-Dimensional Substrates and Ion Embedding

Shi Yihan,Zhang Ming,Zhao Junshan,Zhang Liu,Cui Xumei,Zhu Xinhua,Jin Dandan,Gong Jiali,Yang Dingyu,Li Jitao 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.5

This work used a simple electrochemical reduction method to secondary construct the reduced nickel base (rNi Base) on nickel foam with a nano-core structure. The secondarily constructed base has a large specific surface area, which can increase the mass utilization of the active material. The rNi Base was used as a base for the reduction of nickel on Na+, K+, and NH+4, respectively. MnO2 was electrodeposited under three different cation pre-intercalation treatments, and the mechanism of the effect of different monovalent cations to guide the growth of MnO2 materials was investigated. Finally, rNi/MnO2&Na+ electrode with a special nano cauliflower structure was obtained. The special nanostructure of the electrode enhances its electrochemical performance, possessing 598 F g− 1 ultra-high specific capacitance at a current density of 1 A g− 1 and a high specific capacitance of 307.5 F g− 1 at a high current density of 20 A g− 1, and high specific capacitance maintenance rate of 92.7% after 500 cycles of charging and discharging at a current density of 2 A g− 1. In addition, the symmetrical supercapacitor assembled with this electrode has a very high specific capacitance (401.1 F g− 1 at a current density of 1 A g− 1) and energy density (80.22Wh kg− 1 at a power density of 599.99 W kg− 1).

Biomechanical Analysis of Hybrid Artificial Discs or Zero-Profile Devices for Treating 1-Level Adjacent Segment Degeneration in ACDF Revision Surgery

Weishi Liang,Yihan Yang,Bo Han,Duan Sun,Peng Yin,Yong Hai 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.2

Objective: Cervical hybrid surgery optimizes the use of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) and zero-profile (ZOP) devices in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) but lacks uniform combination and biomechanical standards, especially in revision surgery (RS). This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of adjacent segments of the different hybrid RS constructs in ACDF RS. Methods: An intact 3-dimensional finite element model generated a normal cervical spine (C2–T1). This model was modified to the primary C5–6 ACDF model. Three RS models were created to treat C4–5 adjacent segment degeneration through implanting cages plus plates (Cage-Cage), ZOP devices (ZOP-Cage), or Bryan discs (CDA-Cage). A 1.0-Nm moment was applied to the primary C5–6 ACDF model to generate total C2–T1 range of motions (ROMs). Subsequently, a displacement load was applied to all RS models to match the total C2–T1 ROMs of the primary ACDF model. Results: The ZOP-Cage model showed lower biomechanical responses including ROM, intradiscal pressure, maximum von Mises stress in discs, and facet joint force in adjacent segments compared to the Cage-Cage model. The CDA-Cage model exhibited the lowest biomechanical responses and ROM ratio at adjacent segments among all RS models, closely approached or lower than those in the primary ACDF model in most motion directions. Additionally, the maximum von Mises stress on the C3–4 and C6–7 discs increased in the Cage-Cage and ZOP-Cage models but decreased in the CDA-Cage model when compared to the primary ACDF model. Conclusion: The CDA-Cage construct had the lowest biomechanical responses with minimal kinematic change of adjacent segments. ZOP-Cage is the next best choice, especially if CDA is not suitable. This study provides a biomechanical reference for clinical hybrid RS decision-making to reduce the risk of ASD recurrence.

Influence of burial conditions on the seepage characteristics of uranium bearing loose sandstone

Quan Jiang,Mingtao Jia,Yihan Yang,Qi Xu,Chuanfei Zhang,Xiangxue Zhang,Meifang Chen Korean Nuclear Society 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.4

To investigate the influence of different burial conditions on the seepage characteristics of loose sandstone in the leaching mining of sandstone uranium ore, this study applied different ground pressures and water pressures to rock samples at different burial depths to alter the rock's seepage characteristics. The permeability, pore distribution, and particle distribution characteristic parameters were determined, and the results showed that at the same burial depth, ground pressure had a greater effect on the reduction in permeability than water pressure. The patterns and mechanisms are as follows: under the influence of ground pressure, increasing the burial depth compresses the pores in the rock samples, decreases the proportion of effective permeable pores, and causes particle fragmentation, which blocks pore channels, resulting in a decrease in permeability. Under the influence of water pressure, increasing the burial depth expands the pores but also causes hard clay particles to decompose and block pore channels. As the burial depth increases, the particles eventually decompose completely, and the permeability initially decreases and then increases. In this experiment, the relationships between permeability and the proportion of pores larger than 0.15 ㎛ and the proportion of particles smaller than 59 ㎛ were found to be the most significant.

Improved FMM for well locations optimization in in-situ leaching areas of sandstone uranium mines

Jia Mingtao,Luo Bosheng,Lu Fang,Yang YiHan,Chen Meifang,Zhang Chuanfei,Xu Qi 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.9

Rapidly obtaining the coverage characteristics of leaching solution in In-situ Leaching Area of Sandstone Uranium Mines is a necessary condition for optimizing well locations reasonably. In the presented study, the improved algorithm of the Fast Marching Method (FMM) was studied for rapidly solving coverage characteristics to replace the groundwater numerical simulator. First, the effectiveness of the FMM was verified by simulating diffusion characteristics of the leaching solution in In-situ Leaching Area. Second, based on the radial flow pressure equation and the interaction mechanism of the front diffusion of production and injection well flow field, an improved FMM which is suitable for In-situ Leaching Mining, was developed to achieve the cosimulation of production and injection well. Finally, the improved algorithm was applied to engineering practice to guide the design and production. The results show that the improved algorithm can efficiently solve the coverage characteristics of leaching solution, which is consistent with those obtained from traditional numerical simulators. In engineering practice, the improved FMM can be used to rapidly analyze the leaching process, delineate Leaching Blind Spots, and evaluate the rationality of well pattern layout. Furthermore, it can help to achieve iterative optimization and rapid decision-making of production and injection well locations under largescale mining area models