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Gene Flow from Transgenic Rice to Conventional Rice in China
( Xiao-xuan Du ),( Zhongze Piao ),( Kyung-min Kim ),( Gang-seob Lee ) 한국육종학회 2021 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.9 No.4
Global area of genetically modified crops (GM crops or biotech crops) continues to grow. It was 189.9 million hectares in 2017. Recently, a total of 24 countries have approved GM crops for planting and additional 43 countries have formally imported biotech crops for food, feed, and processing, meaning that biotech crops are now commonly accepted in those countries. With the continuous growth of the global population and the impact of climate change, research and commercialization of genetically modified crops are important for solving global food security issues in the future. At present, a large number of GM rice varieties have been cultivated in China (Chen et al. 2004; Jia 2004). Among them, GM rice varieties with insect resistance (Bt, CpTI genes), disease resistance (Xa21 genes), and herbicide resistance (bar, EPSPs genes) are waiting for relevant planting permits (Chen et al. 2004). In particular, two varieties, “Huahua 1” and “Shanyou 63”, developed by China Huazhong Agriculture Co., Ltd. have obtained GM rice safety certificate from the Ministry of Agriculture of China. However, there is still a lot of controversy in South Korea on the commercialization and safety research of GM products. This article aims to conduct a rational analysis of China's GM rice pollen mobility and China's current GM rice commercialization process to provide relevant reference basis for safety evaluation and future commercialization process of GM rice in South Korea.
Xiao-Ming Liu,Bang-Xian Zhang,Shi-Guang Li,Xiang-Jun Rao,Dong-MingWang,Xiao-Xuan Hu,Su Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.2
The yellow mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is a common insect pest that damages stored grain. The insect olfactory co-receptor (Orco) is a transmembrane protein localized on the surface of the dendrites of olfactory sensory neurons and plays an essential role in the olfactory perception. In this study, an Orco ortholog (named as Tmol\Orco) inT.molitorwas characterized. The deduced amino acid sequence of Tmol\Orco shared significant high identities with Orcos in other insect species from distinct Orders. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that Tmol\Orco was predominantly expressed in the antennae of both male and female adults, and the difference between male antennae and female antennae was not significant. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) directly against the Tmol\Orco mRNA was synthesized and injected into the T. molitor male adults, RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the transcription level of Tmol\Orco was significantly reduced at 6 d after the injection. The mate-seeking behavior of Tmol\Orco-silenced beetles was significantly inhibited. Compare to the control individuals, the percentage of Tmol\Orco-silenced beetles successfully find mateswas significantly decreased and the average time they spent for searching were significantly increased. These results provided first direct evidence that suppression of Tmol\Orco transcription contributes to the decline in mate recognition of T. molitor
Xuan, Zhu,Zhong, Zhao-Hui,Zhang, Xuan-Zhi,Zhang, Lei,Zhao, Xiao-Kun,Lv, Chen,Xu, Ran,Ren, Wei-Gang,Li, Song-Chao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3
To determine the relationship between comorbidity and outcome after radical cystectomy in Chinese patients by using the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation (ACE)-27 index. Two-hundred-and-forty-six patients treated with radical cystectomy at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Province, China between 2000 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Medical records were reviewed for age, gender, delayed time of radical cystectomy, urinary diversion type, pelvic lymphadenectomy status, TNM stage, and pathological grade. Comorbidity information was assessed by the ACE-27 index. The outcome measurement was overall survival. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine the association between comorbidity and outcome. The study population consisted of 215 (87.40%) males and 31 (12.60%) females with a mean age of $62{\pm}11$ years. Median duration of follow-up was $47{\pm}31$ months. A total of 151 (61.38%) patents died during follow-up. Of those, 118 (47.97%) had at least one comorbidity. According to the ACE-27 scores, 128 (52.03%) patients had no comorbidity, 79 (32.11%) had mild, 33 (13.41%) had moderate, and 6 (2.45%) had severe comorbidities. Multivariate analysis indicated that moderate (p=0.002) and severe (p<0.001) comorbidity was significantly associated with decreased overall survival. In addition, age ${\geq}70$ years (p=0.002), delayed time of radical cystectomy >12 weeks (p=0.044), pelvic lymphadenectomy status (p=0.014), and TNM stage >T3 (p<0.001) were determined to be independent risk factors of overall survival. Increasing severity of comorbidity statistically correlated with decreased overall survival after radical cystectomy.
Xiao-Xuan Zhang,Jing Jiang,Ya-Nan Cai,Chun-Feng Wang,Peng Xu,Gui-Lian Yang,Quan Zhao 대한기생충학열대의학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.54 No.1
A study of 426 rabbits from 3 cities in Jilin province (Changchun City and Jilin City) and Liaoning province (Shenyang City) was conducted between May and June 2015. The overall prevalence of E. bieneusi in rabbits was 0.94% (4/426), with 0% (0/116), 1.72% (3/174), and 0.74% (1/136) in Jilin, Changchun, and Shenyang City, respectively. Only 3 farms (farm 1 and farm 3 in Changchun City, farm 8 in Shenyang City) were PCR-positive for E. bieneusi. Moreover, rabbits of more than 6 months (1.72%) had the highest E. bieneusi prevalence, followed by rabbits of 4-6 months (1.26%), 2-3 months (0.58%), and less than 1 month (0%). Analysis of ITS gene of E. bieneusi suggested that all 4 E. bieneusi isolates were genotype D, and were classified as group 1a. The present results first demonstrated the existence of zoonotic E. bieneusi in domestic rabbits in China. Effective control measures should be implemented to prevent E. bieneusi infection in domestic rabbits, other animals, and humans.
Zhang, Xiao-Dan,Zhao, Qing-Yu,Fang, Yi,Chen, Guan-Xuan,Zhang, Hui-Fang,Zhang, Wen-Xiao,Yang, Xiao-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12
Objective: To assess the effects of perioperative comprehensive supportive care interventions on outcome of Chinese esophageal cancer patients in a prospective study. Methods: 60 patients with primary esophageal carcinoma were randomized into an intervention group (IG, n=31) and a control group (CG, n=29). The Chinese version of symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) was adopted to assess their psychological status. The interventions, including health education, psychological support, stress management, coping strategies and behavior training, were carried out in 3 phases (preoperative, postoperative I and postoperative II), and psychological effects were thereafter evaluated accordingly before surgery, and 1 week, 4 weeks and 24 weeks post-surgery. Medical costs were estimated at discharge. Survival of patients was estimated each year post-surgery. General health status and satisfaction-with-hospital were surveyed by a follow-up questionnaire 4 years post-surgery. Results: All the subjects demonstrated higher scores in the preoperative phase than the normal range of Chinese population concerning 7 psychological domains including somatization, obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation. Although no significant difference was observed between the two groups at admission, the scores of IG, which tended to decrease at a faster rate, were generally lower than those of CG at weeks 1, 4 and 24 post-surgery. The length of hospital stay and medical costs of IG were significantly less than those of CG and satisfaction-with-hospital was better. However, there was no significant difference in 4-year survival or health status between two groups. Conclusions: Appropriate perioperative comprehensive supportive care interventions help to improve the psychological state of Chinese patients with esophageal carcinoma, to reduce health care costs and to promote satisfaction of patients and their families with hospital.
장샤오슈엔 ( Xiao-xuan Zhang ),조근식 ( Geun-sik Jo ) 한국정보처리학회 2006 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.13 No.1
Our paper proposes an agent based automated negotiation model. The agents can perform an integrative ne-gotiation with multi-issue in a one-to-many way. The negotiation protocol follows the offer-counteroffer principal, and an adapted offer generation strategy. With the utility theory, agent could evaluate the offers and determine the following actions. In order to yield a top-quality deal and shorten the negotiation period, agents propose multiple offers, which consist of a particular combination of issue values and have the identical utility with the given util-ity. The experiment shows that the model ensures the participants could reach a better agreement in a short time.