Famine exposure in early life and type 2 diabetes in adulthood: findings from prospective studies in China

Ning Feng,Zhao Jing,Zhang Lei,Wang Weijing,Sun Xiaohui,Song Xin,Zhang Yanlei,Xin Hualei,Gao Weiguo,Gao Ruqin,Zhang Dongfeng,Pang Zengchang 한국영양학회 2023 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.17 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study examined the relationship between famine exposure in early life and the risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood during the 1959–1961 Chinese Famine. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 3,418 individuals aged 35–74 years free of diabetes from two studies in 2006 and 2009 were followed up prospectively in 2009 and 2012, respectively. Famine exposure was classified as unexposed (individuals born in 1962–1978), fetal exposed (individuals born in 1959–1961), child exposed (individuals born in 1949–1958), and adolescent/adult exposed (born in 1931–1948). A logistic regression model was used to assess the relationship between famine exposure and diabetes after adjustment for potential covariates. RESULTS: During a three-year follow-up, the age-adjusted incidence rates of type 2 diabetes were 5.7%, 14.5%, 12.7%, and 17.8% in unexposed, fetal-exposed, child-exposed, and adolescent/adult-exposed groups, respectively (P < 0.01). Relative to the unexposed group, the relative risks (95% confidence inter val) for diabetes were 2.15 (1.29–3.60), 1.53 (0.93– 2.51), and 1.65 (0.75–3.63) in the fetal-exposed, child-exposed, and adolescent/adult-exposed groups, after controlling for potential covariates. The interactions between famine exposure and obesity, education level, and family histor y of diabetes were not obser ved, except for the urbanization type. Individuals living in rural areas with fetal and childhood famine exposure were at a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, with relative risks of 8.79 (1.82–42.54) and 2.33 (1.17–4.65), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that famine exposure in early life is an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes, particularly in women. Early identification and inter vention may help prevent diabetes in later life.

Comparison of Liver Transplantation and Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus Type I and Type II

Jia-Yu Lv,Ning-Ning Zhang,Ya-Wei Du,Ying Wu,Tian-Qiang Song,Ya-Min Zhang,Yan Qu,Yu-Xin Liu,Jie Gu,Ze-Yu Wang,Yi-Bo Qiu,Bing Yang,Da-Zhi Tian,Qing-Jun Guo,Li Zhang,Ji-San Sun,Yan Xie,Zheng-Lu Wang,Xin 연세대학교의과대학 2021 Yonsei medical journal Vol.62 No.1

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of liver transplantation (LT) and liver resection (LR) for hepatocellularcarcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and to investigate risk factors affecting prognosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 94 HCC patients with PVTT type I (segmental PVTT) and PVTT type II (lobar PVTT) were involvedand divided into LR (n=47) and LT groups (n=47). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were comparedbefore and after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Prognostic factors for RFS and OS were explored. Results: Two treatment groups were well-balanced using IPTW. In the entire cohort, LT provided a better prognosis than LR. Among patients with PVTT type I, RFS was better with LT (p=0.039); OS was not different significantly between LT and LR(p=0.093). In subgroup analysis of PVTT type I patients with α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels >200 ng/mL, LT elicited significantly longermedian RFS (18.0 months vs. 2.1 months, p=0.022) and relatively longer median OS time (23.6 months vs. 9.8 months, p=0.065). Among patients with PVTT type II, no significant differences in RFS and OS were found between LT and LR (p=0.115 and 0.335,respectively). Multivariate analyses showed treatment allocation (LR), tumor size (>5 cm), AFP and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels to be risk factors of RFS and treatment allocation (LR), AFP and AST as risk factors for OS. Conclusion: LT appeared to afford a better prognosis for HCC with PVTT type I than LR, especially in patients with AFP levels>200 ng/mL.

Posttranscriptional deregulation of Src due to aberrant miR34a and miR203 contributes to gastric cancer development

Qiang Hao,Xiao Zhao Lu,Nan Nan Liu,Xiao Chang Xue,Meng Li,Cun Zhang,Xin Qin,Wei Na Li,Zhen Shu,Bin Song,Qing Wang,Li Qiang Song,Wei Zhang,Ying Qi Zhang 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2013 BMB Reports Vol.46 No.6

Association Between the (GT)n Polymorphism of the HO-1 Gene Promoter Region and Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis

Zhang, Ling,Song, Fang-Fang,Huang, Yu-Bei,Zheng, Hong,Song, Feng-Ju,Chen, Ke-Xin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.11

Background: Several studies have previously focused on associations between the (GT)n repeat polymorphism of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene promoter region and risk of cancers, but results are complex. We conducted the present meta-analysis to integrate relevant findings and evaluate the association between HO-1(GT)n repeat polymorphism and cancer susceptibility. Materials and Methods: Published literature was retrieved from the PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and ISI Web of Science databases before November 2013. For all alleles and genogypes, odds ratios were pooled to assess the strength of the associations using either fixed-effects or random-effects models according to heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to ethnicity and histopathology. Results: A total of 10 studies involving 2,367 cases and 2,870 controls were identified. The results showed there was no association between HO-1 (GT)n repeat polymorphism and the cancer risk both at the allelic and genotypic level. However, in the stratified analysis, we observed an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma in persons carrying the LL genotype and the LL+LS genotype as compared with those carrying the SS genotype. When the LS and SS genotypes were combined, the odds ratio for squamous cell carcinoma in LL-genotype carriers, were also significantly increased. No publication bias was observed. Conclusions: The LL genotype and L-allele carrying genotypes (LL+LS) of HO-1 (GT)n repeat polymorphism are potential genetic factors for developing squamous cell carcinoma. More large and well-designed studies are required for further validations.

Numerical studies on cavitation behavior in impeller of centrifugal pump with different blade profiles

Song, Pengfei,Zhang, Yongxue,Xu, Cong,Zhou, Xin,Zhang, Jinya Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2015 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.8 No.2

To investigate the influence of blade profiles on cavitation behavior in impeller of centrifugal pump, a centrifugal pump with five different blade profiles impellers are studied numerically. The impellers with five different blade profiles (single arc, double arcs, triple arcs, logarithmic spiral and linear-variable angle spiral) were designed by the in-house hydraulic design code using geometric parameters of IS 150-125-125 centrifugal pump. The experiments of the centrifugal pump have been conducted to verify numerical simulation model. The numerical results show that the blade profile lines has a weak effect on cavitation inception near blade inlet edge position, however it has the key effect on the development of sheet cavitation in impeller, and also influences the distribution of sheet cavitation in impeller channels. A slight changing of blade setting angle will induce significant difference of cavitation in impeller. The sharp changing of impeller blade setting angle causes obvious cavitation region separation near the impeller inlet close to blade suction surface and much more flow loss. The centrifugal pump with blade profile of setting angle gently changing (logarithmic spiral) has the super cavitation performance, which means smaller critical cavitation number and lower vapor cavity volume fraction at the same conditions.

A novel trifluoromethyl benzopyran induces G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells

ZHANG, XIN,HWANG, JIYOUNG,JIA, XIAN,SHIN, DONG-SOO,YOU, SONG,KIM, DONG-KYOO Spandidos Publications 2013 International journal of oncology Vol.43 No.2

<P>In the present study, a biologically active 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl piperazin moiety was linked to a 2,2- dimethyl -2H-benzopyran template to generate (3R,4S)-2,2-dimethyl-6-nitro-4-(4-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl) chroman -3-ol (C110g), and the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which C110g exerts cytotoxic effects on the HeLa human cervical cancer cell line were further investigated. C110g suppressed the viability of HeLa cells in both concentration- and time-dependent manner (IC50 of 17 ?M) by inducing DNA damage and G1 cell cycle arrest. Characteristic changes in nuclear morphology and Annexin V/PI staining pointed to apoptosis as the mode of cell death. The levels of p53 and p21 were increased in the C110g-treated cells, with a corresponding increase in Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio. Subsequently, C110g induced the cytoplasmic release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria accompanied by a decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase-3 and -9. These results confirmed that the C110g transduced the apoptotic signal via the mitochondrial pathway. Caspase-8, typically associated with the initiation of the death receptor pathway, was activated, suggesting the extrinsic pathway might also be involved. However, C110g did not result in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Taken together, these findings indicate that the DNA damage-dependent p53-regulated mitochondrial pathway as well as the extrinsic pathway play a crucial role in C110g-induced apoptosis, which provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of trifluoromethyl benzopyrans in cervical cancer.</P>

A study of structural, electrical and electrochemical properties of PVdF-HFP gel polymer electrolyte films for magnesium ion battery applications

Xin Tang,Shenhua Song,Ravi Muchakayala,Zhongyi Zhang,Anji Reddy Polu 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.37 No.-

New magnesium ion conducting polymer electrolyte films are developed and their experimentalinvestigations are reported. The polymer electrolyte films are composed of various poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene):magnesium trifluoromethanesulfonate compositions (PVdF-HFP:Mg(Tf)2 in weight ratio) with different quantities of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethane-sulfonate ionic liquid (EMITf). X-ray diffraction reveals that the pristine PVdF-HFP polymer filmpossesses a semi-crystalline structure and its amorphicity increases with increasing Mg(Tf)2 and EMITfconcentrations. From thermal analysis, the melting temperature (Tm), relative crystallinity (xc) andthermal stability of the 90PVdF-HFP:10Mg(Tf)2 gel polymer electrolyte film doped with 40 wt.% EMITfare obtained as 112 8C, 21.8% and 355 8C, respectively. The room-temperature ionic conductivity of thegel polymer electrolyte film increases with increasing EMITf concentration and reaches a high value ofapproximately 4.63 10 3 S cm 1 at 40 wt.% EMITf due to its amorphicity increase and interconnectedpore structure. For the 40 wt.% EMITf electrolyte film, the temperature dependence of ionic conductivityfollows the Arrhenius relation with an activation energy of 0.35 eV. The electrochemical stabilitywindow of the 40 wt.% EMITf electrolyte film is determined as 4.8 V. The findings from this study arepromising and have great potential for practical ionic device applications, particularly in rechargeablemagnesium ion batteries.

Ultrathin Trilayer Assemblies as Long-Lived Barriers against Water and Ion Penetration in Flexible Bioelectronic Systems

Song, Enming,Li, Rui,Jin, Xin,Du, Haina,Huang, Yuming,Zhang, Jize,Xia, Yu,Fang, Hui,Lee, Yoon Kyeung,Yu, Ki Jun,Chang, Jan-Kai,Mei, Yongfeng,Alam, Muhammad A.,Huang, Yonggang,Rogers, John A. American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.10

<P>Biomedical implants that incorporate active electronics and offer the ability to operate in a safe, stable fashion for long periods of time must incorporate defect-free layers as barriers to biofluid penetration. This paper reports an engineered material approach to this challenge that combines ultrathin, physically transferred films of silicon dioxide (t-SiO<SUB>2</SUB>) thermally grown on silicon wafers, with layers of hafnium oxide (HfO<SUB>2</SUB>) formed by atomic layer deposition and coatings of parylene (Parylene C) created by chemical vapor deposition, as a dual-sided encapsulation structure for flexible bioelectronic systems. Accelerated aging tests on passive/active components in platforms that incorporate active, silicon-based transistors suggest that this trilayer construct can serve as a robust, long-lived, defect-free barrier to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution at a physiological pH of 7.4. Reactive diffusion modeling and systematic immersion experiments highlight fundamental aspects of water diffusion and hydrolysis behaviors, with results that suggest lifetimes of many decades at physiological conditions. A combination of ion-diffusion tests under continuous electrical bias, measurements of elemental concentration profiles, and temperature-dependent simulations reveals that this encapsulation strategy can also block transport of ions that would otherwise degrade the performance of the underlying electronics. These findings suggest broad utility of this trilayer assembly as a reliable encapsulation strategy for the most demanding applications in chronic biomedical implants and high-performance flexible bioelectronic systems.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

PIM Kinase as an Executional Target in Cancer

Xinning Zhang,Mengqiu Song,Joydeb Kumar Kundu,이미현,Zhen-Zhen Liu 대한암예방학회 2018 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.23 No.3

PIM (proviral integration site for moloney murine leukemia virus) kinase plays a key role as an oncogene in various cancers includingmyeloma, leukemia, prostate and breast cancers. The aberrant expression and/or activation of PIM kinases in various cancers follow anisoform-specific pattern. While PIM1 is predominantly expressed in hematological and solid tumors, PIM2 and PIM3 are largely expressedin leukemia and solid tumors, respectively. All of PIM kinases cause transcriptional activation of genes involved in cell survival and cellcycle progression in cancer. A variety of pro-tumorigenic signaling molecules, such as MYC, p21Cip1/Waf1/p27kip1, CDC25, Notch1 and BADhave been identified as the downstream targets of PIM kinases. So far, three kinds of adenosine triphosphate-competitive PIM inhibitors,SGI-1776, AZD1208, and LGH447 have been in clinical trials for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia, prostate cancer, lymphoma,or multiple myeloma. This review sheds light on the signaling pathways involved in the PIM kinase regulation and current status ofdeveloping PIM kinase inhibitors as clinical success in combating human cancer.

A Hyper-cross-linked Polynaphthalene Semiconductor with Excellent Visible-Light Photocatalytic Performance in the Degradation of Organic Dyes

Zhang, Lei,Huang, Xin-Hua,Hu, Jin-Song,Song, Jian,Kim, Il American Chemical Society 2017 Langmuir Vol.33 No.8

<P>Hyper-cross-linked polynaphthalene nanoparticles (PNNs) capable of catalyzing the degradation of organic pollutants upon exposure to visible light have been developed. The nascent and metal-free PNNs with a porous structure, high specific surface area, and narrow bandgap are chemically and thermally stable in the catalytic system, which make it promising as a kind of excellent photocatalytic material compared to conventional photocatalysts. The photo catalytic activity of the as-obtained PNNs exhibits remarkable photocatalytic perforniance for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl blue (MB) under the irradiation of visible light. The easy preparation,, high catalytic activity, and recyclability of the PNNs open new opportunities in the visible-light promoted degradation of organic pollutants.</P>