Thermodynamic simulation and structural optimization of the collimator in the drift duct of EAST-NBI

Tang Ning,Hu Chun-dong,Xie Yuan-lai,Wei Jiang-long,Cui Zhi-Wei,Xie Jun-Wei,Pan Zhuo,Jiang Yao 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.11

The collimator is one of the high-heat-flux components used to avoid a series of vacuum and thermal problems. In this paper, the heat load distribution throughout the collimator is first calculated through experimental data, and a transient thermodynamic simulation analysis of the original model is carried out. The error of the pipe outlet temperature between the simulated and experimental values is 1.632%, indicating that the simulation result is reliable. Second, the model is optimized to improve the heat transfer performance of the collimator, including the contact mode between the pipe and the flange, the pipe material and the addition of a twisted tape in the pipe. It is concluded that the convective heat transfer coefficient of the optimized model is increased by 15.381% and the maximum wall temperature is reduced by 16.415%; thus, the heat transfer capacity of the optimized model is effectively improved. Third, to adapt the long-pulse steady-state operation of the experimental advanced superconducting Tokamak (EAST) in the future, steady-state simulations of the original and optimized collimators are carried out. The results show that the maximum temperature of the optimized model is reduced by 37.864% compared with that of the original model. The optimized model was changed as little as possible to obtain a better heat exchange structure on the premise of ensuring the consumption of the same mass flow rate of water so that the collimator can adapt to operational environments with higher heat fluxes and long pulses in the future. These research methods also provide a reference for the future design of components under high-energy and long-pulse operational conditions

A novel method for the discrimination of Hawthorn and its processed products using an intelligent sensory system and artificial neural networks

Xie, Da-Shuai,Peng, Wei,Chen, Jun-Cheng,Li, Liang,Zhao, Chong-Bo,Yang, Shi-Long,Xu, Min,Wu, Chun-Jie,Ai, Li 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.6

Hawthorn (CFS) has commonly been applied as an important traditional Chinese medicine and food for thousands of years. The raw material of CFS is commonly processed by stir-frying to obtain yellow (CFY), dark brown (CFD), and carbon dark (CFC) colored products, which are used for different clinical uses. In this study, an intelligent sensory system (ISS) was used to obtain the color, gas, and flavor samples data, which were further employed to develop a novel and accurate method for the identification of CFS and its processed products using principal component analysis. Moreover, this research developed a model of an artificial neural network, which could be used to predict the total organic acid, total flavonoids, citric acid, hyperin, and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural via determination of the color, odor, and taste of a sample. In conclusion, the ISS and the artificial neural network are useful tools for rapid, accurate, and effective discrimination of CFS and its processed products.

Expression and Characterization of a Single-Chain Variable Fragment against Human LOX-1 in Escherichia coli and Brevibacillus choshinensis

( Wei Hu ),( Jun-yan Xiang ),( Ping Kong ),( Ling Liu ),( Qiuhong Xie ),( Hongyu Xiang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.5

The single-chain variable fragment (scFv) against lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is a promising molecule for its potential use in the diagnosis and immunotherapy of atherosclerosis. Producing this scFv in several milligram amounts could be the starting point for further engineering and application of the scFv. In this study, the abundant expression of the anti-LOX-1 scFv was attempted using Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Brevibacillus choshinensis (B. choshinensis). The scFv had limited soluble yield in E. coli, but it was efficiently secreted by B. choshinensis. The optimized fermentation was determined using the Plackett-Burman screening design and response surface methodology, under which the yield reached up to 1.5 g/l in a 5-L fermentor. Moreover, the properties of the scFvs obtained from the two expression systems were different. The antigen affinity, transition temperature, and particle diameter size were 1.01E-07 M, 55.2 ± 0.3℃, and 9.388 nm for the scFv expressed by B. choshinensis, and 4.53E-07 M, 52.5 ± 0.3℃, and 13.54 nm for the scFv expressed by E. coli. This study established an efficient scale-up production methodology for the anti-LOX-1 scFv, which will boost its use in LOX-1-based therapy.

Evolution of the Mir-155 Family and Possible Targets in Cancers and the Immune System

Xie, Guang-Bing,Liu, Wei-Jia,Pan, Zhi-Jun,Cheng, Tian-Yin,Luo, Chao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

The mir-155 family is not only involved in a diversity of cancers, but also as a regulator of the immune system. However, the evolutionary history of this family is still unclear. The present study indicates that mir-155 evolved independently with lineage-specific gain of miRNAs. In addition, arm switching has occurred in the mir-155 family, and alternative splicing could produce two different lengths of ancestral sequences, implying the alternative splicing can also drive evolution for intragenic miRNAs. Here we screened validated target genes and immunity-related proteins, followed by analyzation of the mir-155 family function by high-throughput methods like the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Eneyclopedin of Genes and Genemes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. The high-throughput analysis showed that the CCND1 and EGFR genes were outstanding in being significantly enriched, and the target genes cebpb and VCAM1 and the protein SMAD2 were also vital in mir-155-related immune reponse activities. Therefore, we conclude that the mir-155 family is highly conserved in evolution, and CCND1 and EGFR genes might be potential targets of mir-155 with regard to progress of cancers, while the cebpb and VCAM1 genes and the protein SMAD2 might be key factors in the mir-155 regulated immune activities.

UNSCENTED PARTICLE FILTER BASED STATE OF ENERGY ESTIMATION FOR LiFePO4 BATTERIES USING AN ONLINE UPDATED MODEL

Xie Wei,Chen Jun,Gu Yu,Ma Jiachen,Chang Jiaqing 한국자동차공학회 2022 International journal of automotive technology Vol.23 No.2

Range issue has become the concern focus in the field of electric vehicles. In contrast to the generally used State-of-Charge (SoC), battery State-of-Energy (SoE) is regarded more appropriate in representing the remnant driving range by taking account of the voltage decline across the discharging process. In this paper, a SoE estimator is constructed using a pseudo power definition upon battery open-circuit-voltage (OCV) to exclude the energy loss on internal resistance; simultaneously, by combining with an equivalent circuit model (ECM), the unscented particle filter (UPF) is exploited to deal with problems of model nonlinearities, internal interferences, sensor noises and accumulated errors. Further, to adapt to battery time-variant features, the ECM parameters are on-line identified resorting to the recursive least square with forgetting factor algorithm. Finally, SoE estimation experiments using the proposed estimator on a LiFePO4 battery show superior performance regarding robustness and accuracy against high-dynamic loads and various temperatures.

Improvement of dynamic responses of a pedestrian bridge by utilizing decorative wind chimes

Wei-ya Liu,Hai-jun Tang,Xiao-yue Yang,Jiming Xie 한국풍공학회 2020 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.30 No.3

A novel approach is presented to improve dynamic responses of a pedestrian bridge by utilizing decorative wind chimes. Through wind tunnel tests, it was verified that wind chimes can provide stabilization effects against flutter instability, especially at positive or negative wind angles of attack. At zero degrees of angle of attack, the wind chimes can change the flutter pattern from rapid divergence to gradual divergence. The decorative wind chimes can also provide damping effects to suppress the lateral sway motion of the bridge caused by pedestrian footfalls and wind forces. For this purpose, the swing frequency of the wind chimes should be about the same as the structural frequency, which can be achieved by adjusting the swing length of the wind chimes. The mass and the swing damping level are other two important and mutually interactive parameters in addition to the swing length. In general, 3% to 5% swing damping is necessary to achieve favorite results. In the study case, the equivalent damping level of the entire system can be increased from originally assumed 1% up to 5% by using optimized wind chimes.

Task-oriented energy benchmark of machining systems for energy-efficient production

Wei Cai,Li Li,Shun Jia,Conghu Liu,Jun Xie,Luoke Hu 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.7 No.1

The energy benchmark has been recognised as an effective analytical methodology and management tool that help to improve the efficiency and performance of energy utilisation. With a wide distribution and large amount of energy consumption at a low efficiency, machining systems have considerable energy-saving potential. This paper proposes a task-oriented energy benchmark in machining systems, and illustrates the concept of the task-oriented energy benchmark and indicators. A method for developing the task-oriented energy benchmark considering the certainty production task and the uncertainty production task is proposed, which lays a solid foundation for studying the energy benchmark, benchmark rating system and energy certification. Furthermore, a case study of the task-oriented energy benchmark not only verifies the reliability but the effectiveness for energy-efficient production.

Clinical Evidence of Chemotherapy or Endocrine Therapy Maintenance in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer: Meta-analysis from Randomized Clinical Trials and Propensity Score Matching of Multicentre Cohort Study

Wei Ren,Yunfang Yu,Huangming Hong,Ying Wang,Quanlong Gao,Yongjian Chen,Peixian Chen,Jianli Zhao,Qiyun Ou,Dagui Lin,Tuping Fu,Yujie Tan,Chenchen Li,Xinxin Xie,Guolin Ye,Jun Tang,Herui Yao 대한암학회 2022 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.54 No.4

Purpose This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy of chemotherapy or endocrine therapy maintenance in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. Materials and Methods The meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and propensity score matching of multicenter cohort study evaluated MBC patients who underwent first-line chemotherapy or endocrine therapy maintenance. This study is registered with PROSPERO: CRD42017071858 and ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04258163. Results A total of 2,867 patients from 15 RCTs and 760 patients from multicenter cohort were included. The results from meta-analysis showed that chemotherapy maintenance improved progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54 to 0.73; p < 0.001; moderate-quality evidence) and overall survival (OS) (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.97; p=0.016; high-quality evidence) than observation. In the cohort study, for hormone receptor–positive MBC patients, chemotherapy maintenance improved PFS (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.85; p < 0.001) and OS (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.73; p < 0.001) compared with observation, and endocrine therapy maintenance also improved PFS (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.80; p < 0.001) and OS (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.69; p < 0.001). There were no differences between chemotherapy and endocrine therapy maintenance in PFS and OS (all p > 0.05). Regardless of the continuum or switch maintenance therapy, showed prolonged survival in MBC patients who were response to first-line treatment. Conclusion This study provided evidences for survival benefits of chemotherapy and endocrine therapy maintenance in MBC patients, and there was no difference efficacy between chemotherapy and endocrine therapy maintenance for hormone receptor–positive patients.

Energy Performance Evaluation Method for Machining Systems Towards Energy Saving and Emission Reduction

Wei Cai,Yuanhui Zhang,Jun Xie,Li Li,Shun Jia,Shaohua Hu,Luoke Hu 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.2

Energy performance improvement is a basic significant way of addressing both energy security and environment concerns, which can promote energy-saving and emission-reduction. There are various measures of energy performance, with different purposes and applications. However, there are few models or approaches for measuring and quantifying energy saving potential in machining systems. To better perform the energy performance analysis and evaluating energy saving potential in machining, an energy performance evaluation method based on energy benchmark in machining systems is addressed. Energy performance characteristics is analysed, and some energy performance concepts and indicators are proposed. The energy performance evaluation based on energy benchmark is developed for machining systems. Furthermore, a case study involving the establishment of an energy performance evaluation and energy saving potential for gears in a real machining plant was examined, illustrating the practicability of the proposed method.

Multilevel memory characteristics by light-assisted programming in floating-gate organic thin-film transistor nonvolatile memory

Jun Ying,Jinhua Han,Lanyi Xiang,Wei Wang,Wenfa Xie 한국물리학회 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.7

In this work, we study charge trapping in floating-gate organic thin-film transistor nonvolatile memories (FG-OTFT-NVMs) fabricated by a simple method. The inner discrete distribution aluminum nanoparticles (Al-Nps) and the continuous compact thin alumina film were formed to act as the floating-gate and the tunneling dielectric layer, respectively by thermally evaporated Al at a slow rate and then heat annealed in dry air. The devices exhibited remarkable photoresponse and memory effect. Compared with the unidirectional threshold voltage (VT) shifts of memories by programming/erasing (P/E) in dark, larger bidirectional VT shifts were obtained by light-assisted programming, and therefore the memory performances were enhanced. A multilevel memory behavior was observed in our memories, which depended on programming conditions. The charge trapping mechanisms of memories operated in dark and under illumination are discussed, respectively. The results indicate that optimal memory performance requires charge carriers of both polarities, because it is a very efficient method to enlarge the memory window and to lower the P/E voltage by overwriting trapped charges by injected charges of opposite polarity.