Coercivity Enhancement of Sintered Nd-Fe-B Magnets by Grain Boundary Diffusion with DyH₃ Nanoparticles

W. Q. Liu,C. Chang,M. Yue,J. S. Yang,D. T. Zhang,Y. Q. Liu,J. X. Zhang,X. F. Yi,J. W. Chen 한국자기학회 2013 Journal of Magnetics Vol.18 No.4

Grain boundary diffusion technique with DyH₃ nanoparticles was applied to fabricate Dy-less sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets with high coercivity. The magnetic properties and microstructure of magnets were systematically studied. The coercivity and remanence of grain boundary diffusion magnet were improved by 60% and reduced by 7% compared with those of the original magnet, respectively. Meanwhile, both the remanence temperature coefficient (α) and the coercivity temperature coefficient (β) of the magnets were improved after diffusion treatment. Investigation shows that Dy is preferentially enriched as (Nd, Dy)₂Fe14B phase in the surface region of the Nd₂Fe14B matrix grains indicated by the remarkable enhancement of the magneto-crystalline anisotropy field of the magnet. As a result, the magnet diffused with a small amount of Dy nanoparticles possesses enhanced coercivity without remarkably sacrificing its magnetization.

Effects of Replacement of Concentrate Mixture by Broccoli Byproducts on Lactating Performance in Dairy Cows

X.W. Yi,F. Yang,J.X. Liu,J.K. Wang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.10

The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of feeding pelletized broccoli byproducts (PBB) on milk yield and milk composition in dairy cows. In Trial 1, an in vitro gas test determined the optimal replacement level of PBB in a concentrate mixture in a mixed substrate with Chinese wild ryegrass hay (50:50, w/w) at levels of 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, or 40% (dry matter basis). When the concentrate was replaced by PBB at a level of 20%, no adverse effects were found on the gas volume or its rate constant during ruminal fermentation. In trial 2, 24 lactating cows (days in milk = 170.4±35; milk yield = 30±3 kg/d; body weight = 580 ±13 kg) were divided into 12 blocks based on day in milk and milk yield and randomly allocated to two dietary treatments: a basic diet with or without PBB replacing 20% of the concentrate mixture. The feeding trial lasted for 56 days; the first week allowed for adaptation to the diet. The milk composition was analyzed once a week. No significant difference in milk yield was observed between the two groups (23.5 vs 24.2 kg). A significant increase was found in milk fat content in the PBB group (p<0.05). Inclusion of PBB did not affect milk protein, lactose, total solids or solids-not-fat (p>0.05). These results indicated that PBB could be included in dairy cattle diets at a suitable level to replace concentrate mixture without any adverse effects on dairy performance.

Effects of Replacement of Concentrate Mixture by Broccoli Byproducts on Lactating Performance in Dairy Cows

Yi, X.W.,Yang, F.,Liu, J.X.,Wang, J.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.10

The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of feeding pelletized broccoli byproducts (PBB) on milk yield and milk composition in dairy cows. In Trial 1, an in vitro gas test determined the optimal replacement level of PBB in a concentrate mixture in a mixed substrate with Chinese wild ryegrass hay (50:50, w/w) at levels of 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, or 40% (dry matter basis). When the concentrate was replaced by PBB at a level of 20%, no adverse effects were found on the gas volume or its rate constant during ruminal fermentation. In trial 2, 24 lactating cows (days in milk = $170.4{\pm}35$; milk yield = $30{\pm}3kg/d$; body weight = $580{\pm}13kg$) were divided into 12 blocks based on day in milk and milk yield and randomly allocated to two dietary treatments: a basic diet with or without PBB replacing 20% of the concentrate mixture. The feeding trial lasted for 56 days; the first week allowed for adaptation to the diet. The milk composition was analyzed once a week. No significant difference in milk yield was observed between the two groups (23.5 vs 24.2 kg). A significant increase was found in milk fat content in the PBB group (p<0.05). Inclusion of PBB did not affect milk protein, lactose, total solids or solids-not-fat (p>0.05). These results indicated that PBB could be included in dairy cattle diets at a suitable level to replace concentrate mixture without any adverse effects on dairy performance.

The SAURON project – XVIII. The integrated UV–line‐strength relations of early‐type galaxies

Bureau, Martin,Jeong, Hyunjin,Yi, Sukyoung K.,Schawinski, Kevin,Houghton, Ryan C. W.,Davies, Roger L.,Bacon, Roland,Cappellari, Michele,de Zeeuw, P. Tim,Emsellem, Eric,Falcó,n&#x2010,Barroso, Je Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.414 No.3

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Using far‐ultraviolet (FUV) and near‐ultraviolet (NUV) photometry from guest investigator programmes on the <I>Galaxy Evolution Explorer</I> (<I>GALEX</I>) satellite, optical photometry from the MDM Observatory and optical integral‐field spectroscopy from SAURON, we explore the UV–line‐strength relations of the 48 nearby early‐type galaxies in the SAURON sample. Identical apertures are used for all quantities, avoiding aperture mismatch. We show that galaxies with purely old stellar populations show well‐defined correlations of the integrated FUV −<I>V</I> and FUV − NUV colours with the integrated Mg <I>b</I> and Hβ absorption line‐strength indices, strongest for FUV − NUV. Correlations with the NUV −<I>V</I> colour, Fe5015 index and stellar velocity dispersion σ are much weaker. These correlations put stringent constraints on the origin of the UV‐upturn phenomenon in early‐type galaxies and highlight its dependence on age and metallicity. In particular, despite recent debate, we recover the negative correlation between FUV −<I>V</I> colour and Mg line strength originally publicized by Burstein et al., which we refer to as the ‘Burstein relation’, suggesting a positive dependence of the UV upturn on metallicity. We argue that the scatter in the correlations is real and present mild evidence that a strong UV excess is preferentially present in slow‐rotating galaxies. We also demonstrate that most outliers in the correlations are galaxies with current or recent star formation, some at very low levels. We believe that this sensitivity to weak star formation, afforded by the deep and varied data available for the SAURON sample, explains why our results are occasionally at odds with other recent but shallower surveys. This is supported by the analysis of a large, carefully crafted sample of more distant early‐type galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), more easily comparable with current and future large surveys.</P>

MHD Instability Fluctuation Measurement on the HL-2A Tokamak by Using the HCN Laser Interferometer

Y. G. Li,Y. Zhou,Z. C. Deng,J. Yi,Y. Li,H. X. Wang,X. Q. Ji,W. Deng 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.8

The multichannel HCN laser interferometer has been routinely used to measure the electron density(ne) on the HL-2A tokamak for several years. In order to explore its capability for qualitativelyevaluating the Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluctuation in plasmas from the probing signal, weimplemented two important modifications on the hardware of channel #3 (r = −10.5 cm): (1) applicationof the high-response Schottky diode waveguide detector, and (2) utilization of a preamplifierwith a broad pass-band of up to 500 kHz so as not to filter the fluctuation component mixed withthe intermediate frequency (IF). Many MHD fluctuation phenomena, such as tearing modes (TMs),fishbones, long lived modes (LLMs), have been successfully detected by using the modified channel#3 in the HL-2A experimental campaign, and the results were quite coincident with those derivedfrom the magnetic probe and the soft X-ray systems. We propose to apply this novel approach tomore channels of the HCN laser interferometer.

Reliability-based assessment of steel bridge deck using a mesh-insensitive structural stress method

X.W. Ye,Ting-Hua Yi,C. Wen,Y.H. Su 국제구조공학회 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.16 No.2

This paper aims to conduct the reliability-based assessment of the welded joint in the orthotropic steel bridge deck by use of a mesh-insensitive structural stress (MISS) method, which is an effective numerical procedure to determine the reliable stress distribution adjacent to the weld toe. Both the solid element model and the shell element model are first established to investigate the sensitivity of the element size and the element type in calculating the structural stress under different loading scenarios. In order to achieve realistic condition assessment of the welded joint, the probabilistic approach based on the structural reliability theory is adopted to derive the reliability index and the failure probability by taking into account the uncertainties inherent in the material properties and load conditions. The limit state function is formulated in terms of the structural resistance of the material and the load effect which is described by the structural stress obtained by the MISS method. The reliability index is computed by use of the first-order reliability method (FORM), and compared with a target reliability index to facilitate the safety assessment. The results achieved from this study reveal that the calculation of the structural stress using the MISS method is insensitive to the element size and the element type, and the obtained structural stress results serve as a reliable basis for structural reliability analysis.

Multi-point displacement monitoring of bridges using a vision-based approach

X.W. Ye,Ting-Hua Yi,C.Z. Dong,T. Liu,H. Bai 한국풍공학회 2015 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.20 No.2

To overcome the drawbacks of the traditional contact-type sensor for structural displacementmeasurement, the vision-based technology with the aid of the digital image processing algorithm hasreceived increasing concerns from the community of structural health monitoring (SHM). The advancedvision-based system has been widely used to measure the structural displacement of civil engineeringstructures due to its overwhelming merits of non-contact, long-distance, and high-resolution. However,seldom currently-available vision-based systems are capable of realizing the synchronous structuraldisplacement measurement for multiple points on the investigated structure. In this paper, the method forvision-based multi-point structural displacement measurement is presented. A series of moving loadingexperiments on a scale arch bridge model are carried out to validate the accuracy and reliability of thevision-based system for multi-point structural displacement measurement. The structural displacements offive points on the bridge deck are measured by the vision-based system and compared with those obtainedby the linear variable differential transformer (LVDT). The comparative study demonstrates that thevision-based system is deemed to be an effective and reliable means for multi-point structural displacementmeasurement.

Cross Fertility between the Whild Japanese Quail in the Weishan Lake Area and Domestic Quail

W.Xu,H.Chang,H.Y.Wang,G.B.Chang,L.Du,S.X.Lu,H.Q.Yi,Q.Xu,M.Xu,Q.H.Wang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.10

Outlier detection of GPS monitoring data using relational analysis and negative selection algorithm

Yi, Ting-Hua,Ye, X.W.,Li, Hong-Nan,Guo, Qing Techno-Press 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.20 No.2

Outlier detection is an imperative task to identify the occurrence of abnormal events before the structures are suffered from sudden failure during their service lives. This paper proposes a two-phase method for the outlier detection of Global Positioning System (GPS) monitoring data. Prompt judgment of the occurrence of abnormal data is firstly carried out by use of the relational analysis as the relationship among the data obtained from the adjacent locations following a certain rule. Then, a negative selection algorithm (NSA) is adopted for further accurate localization of the abnormal data. To reduce the computation cost in the NSA, an improved scheme by integrating the adjustable radius into the training stage is designed and implemented. Numerical simulations and experimental verifications demonstrate that the proposed method is encouraging compared with the original method in the aspects of efficiency and reliability. This method is only based on the monitoring data without the requirement of the engineer expertise on the structural operational characteristics, which can be easily embedded in a software system for the continuous and reliable monitoring of civil infrastructure.

Multi-point displacement monitoring of bridges using a vision-based approach

Ye, X.W.,Yi, Ting-Hua,Dong, C.Z.,Liu, T.,Bai, H. Techno-Press 2015 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.20 No.2

To overcome the drawbacks of the traditional contact-type sensor for structural displacement measurement, the vision-based technology with the aid of the digital image processing algorithm has received increasing concerns from the community of structural health monitoring (SHM). The advanced vision-based system has been widely used to measure the structural displacement of civil engineering structures due to its overwhelming merits of non-contact, long-distance, and high-resolution. However, seldom currently-available vision-based systems are capable of realizing the synchronous structural displacement measurement for multiple points on the investigated structure. In this paper, the method for vision-based multi-point structural displacement measurement is presented. A series of moving loading experiments on a scale arch bridge model are carried out to validate the accuracy and reliability of the vision-based system for multi-point structural displacement measurement. The structural displacements of five points on the bridge deck are measured by the vision-based system and compared with those obtained by the linear variable differential transformer (LVDT). The comparative study demonstrates that the vision-based system is deemed to be an effective and reliable means for multi-point structural displacement measurement.