Joint Optimization of Time-Slot Allocation and Traffic Steering for Large-Scale Deterministic Networks

Wu, Wenhao,Zhang, Xiaoning,Pan, Jiaming,Zhou, Yihui 한국통신학회 2023 Journal of communications and networks Vol.25 No.6

Recently, time-sensitive services have expanded from traditional industrial control systems to more scenarios. Some time-sensitive applications, such as remote surgery, autonomous driving, Augmented Reality (AR), etc., require deterministic end-to-end delay and jitter in data transmission. Deterministic Network (DetNet) is proposed as a promising technology for providing deterministic service in Wide Area Networks (WAN). DetNet guarantees deterministic end-to-end delay and jitter by specifying a certain routing path and transmission time-slots for time-sensitive flows. However, how to efficiently steer time-sensitive flows while jointly allocating transmission time-slots is still an open problem. Existing flow scheduling algorithms are limited in the scenarios of Local Area Networks (LAN), and do not consider the impact of propagation delay in large-scale networks. To this end, we study the joint optimization of time-slot allocation and traffic steering, while considering the propagation delay of WAN links. Our objective is to maximize the number of successfully deployed time-sensitive flows under the constraints of required end-to-end delay. Accordingly, we formulate the studied problem as an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model. Since it is proved to be an NP-hard problem, we design a heuristic algorithm named Genetic-based Deterministic Network Traffic Scheduling (GDNTS). The solution with the largest number of deployed time-sensitive flows can be obtained from the evolution of chromosomes in GDNTS. Compared with the benchmark algorithms, extensive simulation results show that GDNTS improves the deployed time sensitive flows number by 22.85% in average.

A novel NPHS2 mutation (c.865A > G) identified in a Chinese family with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome alters subcellular localization of nephrin

Wu Na,Zhu Yingchuan,Jiang Wenhao,Song Yue,Yin Lan,Lu Yilu,Tao Dachang,Liu Yunqiang,Ma Yongxin 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.5

Background: NPHS2 is the causative gene of nephrotic syndrome type 2 (MIM 600995) which often clinically manifests as steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). The NPHS2 gene encodes a slit diaphragm (SD) associated protein podocin. Objective: This study reported a novel disease-causing mutation of NPHS2 in a Chinese family with SRNS. We also investigated the pathogenic mechanism of the variants in this family. Method: A Chinese family with SRNS was recruited. Whole exome sequencing was performed to screen for disease-causing mutation. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the results. In vitro functional experiments including immunoblotting, co-immunoprecipitation and double immunofluorescence staining were performed to explore the pathogenic mechanisms of mutations. Results: In this family, compound heterozygous mutations of NPHS2 (c.467dupT and c.865A > G) were identified and segregated with the disease. The maternal c.865A > G was a novel variant, leading to amino acid substitution (p.K289E). In vitro functional assays indicated that c.467dupT (p.L156FfsX11) mutant lost interaction with nephrin. Both K289E and L156FfsX11 mutants showed sharply diminished plasma membrane localization. Furthermore, abnormal distribution of podocin mutants also altered the cell membrane localization of nephrin. Conclusion: We reported a family with SRNS caused by compound heterozygous mutations of NPHS2 (c.467dupT and c.865A > G). c.865A > G (p.K289E) in NPHS2 was a novel causative variant associated with SRNS. Both variants in this family not only affected the normal cell membrane localization of podocin, but also altered the cell membrane localization of nephrin which is the major architectural protein of SD.

An experimental study of the mechanical performance of different types of girdling beams used to elevate bridges

Fangyuan Li,Wenhao Li,Peifeng Wu 국제구조공학회 2023 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.85 No.4

Girdling underpinning joints are key areas of concern for the pier-cutting bridge-lifting process. In this study, five specimens of an underpinning joint were prepared by varying the cross-sectional shape of the respective column, the process used to treat the beam-column interface (BCI), and the casting process. These specimens were subsequently analyzed through static failure tests. The BCI was found to be the weakest area of the joint, and the specimens containing a BCI underwent punching shear failure. The top of the girdling beam (GB) was subjected to a circumferential tensile force during slippage failure. Compared to the specimens with a smooth BCI, the specimens subjected to chiseling exhibited more pronounced circumferential compression at the BCI, which in turn considerably increased the shear capacity of the BCI and the ductility of the structure. The GB for the specimens containing a column with a circular cross-section exhibited better shear mechanical properties than the GB of other specimens. The BCI in specimens containing a column with a circular cross-section was more ductile during failure than that in specimens containing a column with a square cross-section.

A Throughput Improved Path Selection Method Based on Throughput Prediction Model and Available Bandwidth for MPTCP

Xiaomin Jin,Yuanan Liu,Wenhao Fan,Fan Wu,Hongguang Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.8 No.2

Nowadays, many network devices have more than one network interface. Meanwhile, many protocols have been proposed to utilize multiple paths simultaneously. MPTCP (Multipath TCP) is a transport layer protocol that transfers data by multiple paths simultaneously, which is designed to improve the throughput and increase robustness of end to end transmission. However, when we use MPTCP, we find that MPTCP can not improve the throughput but even reduce the throughput in some cases. In this paper, we study this issue. Firstly, we study the effects of path characteristics for throughput of MPTCP, and find that path characteristics especially those bad paths have a great impact on the performance of MPTCP. Secondly, we analyze the reasons why the bad path characteristics have a serious impact on throughput of MPTCP, and propose a path selection method based on throughput prediction model and available bandwidth to improve the throughput. Finally, we validate our path selection method by simulations, and the results show that our method can improve the throughput of MPTCP.

Transcriptome profiling of PeCRY1 transgenic Populus tomentosa

Lina Wang,Rongling Wu,Wenhao Bo 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.4

Cryptochromes, a class of blue light photoreceptors, play vital roles in regulating growth and development in higher plants. Despite their control over various important traits, there have been few studies focusing on cryptochromes in forest trees to date. In this study, the Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica) gene PeCRY1 (cryptochrome 1 of Populus euphratica) was isolated and heterologously expressed in Populus tomentosa. Three biological replicates of each of the PeCRY1 transgenic P. tomentosa (CRY1) and wild-type (WT) plants were processed for transcriptome profiling. We found 34792 commonly expressed transcripts among the 93868 detected unigenes. Using R package DESeq, we identified 357 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 132 upregulated and 225 downregulated genes. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment were used to better understand the functions of detected DEGs. Biosynthetic processes, such as starch and sucrose metabolism, which are closely related to growth and development, were highly enriched. Organic cyclic compound biosynthesis was downregulated, whereas carbohydrate metabolism was upregulated. Through KEGG pathway enrichment, we observed that the pentose phosphate pathway, photosynthesis, and circadian rhythm were significantly enriched. Another method of expression analysis based on quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) validated our RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) results.

Synthesis and spectral properties of nanocrystalline Eu^3+-doped pyrochlore oxide M_2Sn_2O_7 (M = Gd and Y)

Zuoling Fu,Wangda Gong,Huaiyong Li,Qi Wu,Wenhao Li,양현경,정중현 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3

Nanocrystalline Eu^3+-doped pyrochlore oxide M_2Sn_2O_7 (M = Gd and Y) has been successfully prepared by a simple and facile hydrothermal synthesis method without the presence of catalysts. The effects of hydrothermal temperature, time and base concentration on the pure phase of the products are investigated. It is found that tuning the base concentration was a crucial step for the control of the pure phase of the M_2Sn_2O_7 (M = Gd and Y) nanocrystals. All the products were systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), photoluminescence (PL)and photoluminescent excitation spectra (PLE). Furthermore, the luminescence mechanism and size dependence of their spectral properties are also discussed in detail.