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Shin, Woosik,Choung, Sungwook,Han, Jeong-Hee,Han, Weon Shik,Jeon, Sodam,Ryu, Jong-Sik,Chang, Byung-Uck Pergamon Press 2017 Applied geochemistry Vol.85 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Bottled mineral-water is typically produced through filtering processes of groundwater in many countries. Although naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) are present in ambient groundwater, the accumulation of NORMs to filters used by bottled mineral-water plants and their total radioactivity was never studied. The radioactivity of NORMs in water and filter samples were determined for a total of thirteen bottled mineral-water facilities in Korea. The NORM levels were quite low in raw water (i.e., groundwater before filtered), and uranium and radon contents were lowered after filtering. However, minor increases of uranium concentration were observed after the treatment processes in two mineral-water plants used only membrane filters. The measured surface radiations sharply increased at the filters installed at the front of water treatment processes regardless of filter types. Diverse radionuclides including lead and polonium were found inside these filters with comparatively high radioactivity. In particular, the estimated total radioactivity of one of the used filters exceeded 1 Bq g<SUP>−1</SUP> and 1000 kBq yr<SUP>−1</SUP> that are the guideline values regulated by the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission in Korea for by-products occurring after any treatment processes. The elevated radiation may result in potential risk during bottling, transport, and disposal processes, therefore, proper management and disposal of the filters should be considered in bottled mineral-water treatment facilities.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Bottled mineral water is produced through physical filtering process of groundwater. </LI> <LI> Potential accumulation of natural occurring radioactive materials to filters was evaluated. </LI> <LI> Surface radiation dose rate increased sharply at the early stage filters (e.g., prefilter). </LI> <LI> Diverse radionuclides were found in the used filters with high radioactivity. </LI> <LI> Proper management and disposal need to be considered for the filters. </LI> </UL> </P>
[PE-0031] Single Cross Corn Hybrid ‘Jindaok’with Lodging Tolerance and High Yield
MoonJong Kim(MoonJong Kim),JaeKeun Choi(JaeKeun Choi),HeeYeon Kim(HeeYeon Kim),JeongHeon Han(JeongHeon Han),Wang Seung Hyun(Wang Seung Hyun),WooSik Yong(WooSik Yong),JaeNam Shim(JaeNam Shim),SeungHun 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2022 No.-
High Repair Efficiency BIRA Algorithm with a Line Fault Scheme
Taewoo Han,Woosik Jeong,Youngkyu Park,강성호 한국전자통신연구원 2010 ETRI Journal Vol.32 No.4
With the rapid increase occurring in both the capacity and density of memory products, test and repair issues have become highly challenging. Memory repair is an effective and essential methodology for improving memory yield. An SoC utilizes built-in redundancy analysis (BIRA) with built-in self-test for improving memory yield and reliability. This letter proposes a new heuristic algorithm and new hardware architecture for the BIRA scheme. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm shows near-optimal repair efficiency in combination with low area and time overheads.
Jang, Woosik,Lee, Jung Ki,Lee, Jaebum,Han, Seung Heon Hindawi Limited 2015 Mathematical problems in engineering Vol.2015 No.-
<P>Since the 1970s, revenues generated by Korean contractors in international construction have increased rapidly, exceeding USD 70 billion per year in recent years. However, Korean contractors face significant risks from market uncertainty and sensitivity to economic volatility and technical difficulties. As the volatility of these risks threatens project profitability, approximately 15% of bad projects were found to account for 74% of losses from the same international construction sector. Anticipating bad projects via preemptive risk management can better prevent losses so that contractors can enhance the efficiency of bidding decisions during the early stages of a project cycle. In line with these objectives, this paper examines the effect of such factors on the degree of project profitability. The Naïve Bayesian classifier is applied to identify a good project screening tool, which increases practical applicability using binomial variables with limited information that is obtainable in the early stages. The proposed model produced superior classification results that adequately reflect contractor views of risk. It is anticipated that when users apply the proposed model based on their own knowledge and expertise, overall firm profit rates will increase as a result of early abandonment of bad projects as well as the prioritization of good projects before final bidding decisions are made.</P>
Sustainable Performance Index for Assessing the Green Technologies in Urban Infrastructure Projects
Jang, Woosik,Lee, Sang Ku,Han, Seung Heon American Society of Civil Engineers, Engineering M 2018 Journal of management in engineering Vol.34 No.2
<P>To mitigate the environmental problems caused by global warming and climate change, many countries agree that reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is mandatory. Against this backdrop, the construction industry has continuously attempted to reduce or mitigate the GHG emissions from construction projects. However, most green technology (GT) applications remain more focused on building projects and are largely limited to the operation and maintenance phases. Addressing this issue, this research proposes a sustainable performance index (SPI) for assessments of GTs related to urban infrastructures from the early stages of a project lifecycle. First, 31 infrastructure-related GTs are presented from a literature review. Second, the SPI, including environmental, economic, and social categories and 12 subfactors, is established using the fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy-AHP) method that functions well in eliminating the ambiguity and uncertainty in the weighting of the SPI factors. The illustrative case application shows that the SPI is expected to support decision-making processes for selecting the proper GTs and to provide a balanced view that accounts for economic and social impacts on the early planning stages of urban infrastructure projects. (c) 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.</P>
Shin, Woosik,Choung, Sungwook,Han, Weon Shik,Hwang, Jeonghwan,Kang, Gyeongmin Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.642 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Although soil contamination must be remediated by the polluters under current legal frameworks in numerous countries, the allocation of responsibilities for soil clean-up is still challenging in the case of multiple potentially responsible parties (PRPs). This study evaluated the individual contributions of two PRPs (Owners A & B) to heavy metal contamination in the soil environment near an abandoned smelter and compared the results with those from the conventional Gore Factor (GF) method. The soil in the study area was widely contaminated by various heavy metals. In particular, the arsenic concentration exceeded the local regulatory level of 25 mg kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at all investigated sites. Arsenic components were frequently observed in the form of iron oxides, and they decreased with increasing distance from the smelter chimney. This distribution supported the premise that the arsenic mainly originated from the chimney through oxidation processes of iron-containing ores under high temperature. The GF results attributed greater responsibility to Owner A than Owner B, while the estimated arsenic masses (based on the field investigation) indicated the contrary. These results could be caused by insufficient information for the GF evaluation, because the change in smelter ownership and long history of contamination obscure important data, such as the amount of total refined ores and the efficiency of air pollution prevention facilities in the smelter. Therefore, more field-based approaches must be considered more importantly for the evaluation of multiple PRPs' remediation responsibilities, especially in areas with long-term contamination.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Individual contribution of two smelter owners to soil contamination was evaluated. </LI> <LI> Arsenic pollution decreased with increasing distance from the smelter chimney. </LI> <LI> Conventional GF evaluation can often distort the individual contribution results. </LI> <LI> Pollutants released by the former owner were preserved well in the reclaimed sites. </LI> <LI> Field evidences must be prioritized to allocate remediation responsibilities. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Jang, Woosik,Yu, Giwon,Jung, Wooyong,Kim, Doyun,Han, Seung Heon American Society of Civil Engineers 2018 Journal of construction engineering and management Vol.144 No.3
<P>Many countries use financial aids to expedite public-private partnership (PPP) projects, depending on their financial status and/or demand for additional infrastructure. Minimum revenue guarantees (MRGs) are one financial aid option that costs the Korean government US$2.7billion in liabilities annually. To reduce these considerable expenditures, this study proposes resolving financial conflicts using a three-phase game framework with a bargaining phase, a ratification phase, and a decision-making phase. The first two phases are adopted from traditional two-level game theory, and the last phase is added to support sequential negotiations and multiple buyers. To confirm the usability of proposed framework, the authors conduct illustrative case applications with two representative real-life PPP cases. Case 1 shows that qualitative bargaining power can be accurately quantified, and Case 2 demonstrates that empirically calculated values can be used in negotiation practice. The framework proposed in this study reduces the range of negotiation, the time required to negotiate, and the damage caused by conflicts. Additionally, the frame is expected to support strategic negotiations and well-structured decisions in financial conflicts between key stakeholders. (C) 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.</P>