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        Effects of gut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of protopanaxadiol ginsenosides Rd, Rg3, F2, and compound K in healthy volunteers treated orally with red ginseng

        Jeon-Kyung Kim,Min Sun Choi,Woonhee Jeung,Jehyeon Ra,Hye Hyun Yoo,DONG-HYUNKIM 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.4

        Background: It is well recognized that gut microbiota is involved in the biotransformation of ginsenosidesby converting the polar ginsenosides to nonpolar bioactive ginsenosides. However, the roles of thegut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of ginsenosides in humans have not yet been fully elucidated. Methods: Red ginseng (RG) or fermented red ginseng was orally administered to 34 healthy Koreanvolunteers, and the serum concentrations of the ginsenosides were determined using liquidchromatographyetandem mass spectrometry. In addition, the fecal ginsenoside Rde and compound K(CK)eforming activities were measured. Then, the correlations between the pharmacokinetic profiles ofthe ginsenosides and the fecal ginsenosideemetabolizing activities were investigated. Results: For the RG group, the area under the serum concentrationetime curve values of ginsenosides Rd,F2, Rg3, and CK were 8.20 11.95 ng$h/mL, 4.54 3.70 ng$h/mL, 36.40 19.68 ng$h/mL, and40.30 29.83 ng$h/mL, respectively. For the fermented red ginseng group, the the area under curve fromzero to infinity (AUCN) values of ginsenosides Rd, F2, Rg3, and CK were 187.90 95.87 ng$h/mL,30.24 41.87 ng$h/mL, 28.68 14.27 ng$h/mL, and 137.01 96.16 ng$h/mL, respectively. The fecal CKformingactivities of the healthy volunteers were generally proportional to their ginsenoside Rdeformingactivities. The area under the serum concentrationetime curve value of CK exhibited an obvious positivecorrelation (r ¼ 0.566, p < 0.01) with the fecal CK-forming activity. Conclusion: The gut microbiota may play an important role in the bioavailability of the nonpolar RGginsenosides by affecting the biotransformation of the ginsenosides.

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        Effects of gut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of protopanaxadiol ginsenosides Rd, Rg3, F2, and compound K in healthy volunteers treated orally with red ginseng

        Kim, Jeon-Kyung,Choi, Min Sun,Jeung, Woonhee,Ra, Jehyeon,Yoo, Hye Hyun,Kim, Dong-Hyun The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.4

        Background: It is well recognized that gut microbiota is involved in the biotransformation of ginsenosides by converting the polar ginsenosides to nonpolar bioactive ginsenosides. However, the roles of the gut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of ginsenosides in humans have not yet been fully elucidated. Methods: Red ginseng (RG) or fermented red ginseng was orally administered to 34 healthy Korean volunteers, and the serum concentrations of the ginsenosides were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, the fecal ginsenoside Rd- and compound K (CK)eforming activities were measured. Then, the correlations between the pharmacokinetic profiles of the ginsenosides and the fecal ginsenoside-metabolizing activities were investigated. Results: For the RG group, the area under the serum concentratione-time curve values of ginsenosides Rd, F2, Rg3, and CK were 8.20 ± 11.95 ng·h/mL, 4.54 ± 3.70 ng·h/mL, 36.40 ± 19.68 ng·h/mL, and 40.30 ± 29.83 ng·h/mL, respectively. For the fermented red ginseng group, the the area under curve from zero to infinity (AUC<SUB>∞</SUB>) values of ginsenosides Rd, F2, Rg3, and CK were 187.90 ± 95.87 ng·h/mL, 30.24 ± 41.87 ng·h/mL, 28.68 ± 14.27 ng·h/mL, and 137.01 ± 96.16 ng·h/mL, respectively. The fecal CK-forming activities of the healthy volunteers were generally proportional to their ginsenoside Rd-eforming activities. The area under the serum concentration-time curve value of CK exhibited an obvious positive correlation (r = 0.566, p < 0.01) with the fecal CK-forming activity. Conclusion: The gut microbiota may play an important role in the bioavailability of the nonpolar RG ginsenosides by affecting the biotransformation of the ginsenosides.

      • 사용자 맞춤형 힐링서비스 모델에 대한 연구

        박은영(Park EunYoung),이범수(Lee Beon Soo),김민선(Kim Min Sun)손웅희(Shon Woonhee) 한국IT서비스학회 2014 한국IT서비스학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.춘계

        현대생활의 사회적 배경 안에는 구조적인 경쟁관계에서 여러 갈등을 유발하는 요인들로 인해 개개인이 받는 스트레스와 불안 요소가 나날이 커지고 있다. 이러한 배경으로 하여금 힐링 분야에 대한 사회적 요구가 많아지고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 힐링 분야의 새로운 서비스 모델 창출을 위해 일상생활과 밀접한 관계가 있는 홈 인테리어 용품에 빛과 색을 이용한 광섬유, 조명 테라피, 조명 Control Device 기술 등을 적용하여 사용자 맞춤형 힐링서비스 모델을 제시하고자 한다.

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