Brain Topological Correlates of Motor Performance Changes After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Park, Chang-hyun,Chang, Won Hyuk,Yoo, Woo-Kyoung,Shin, Yong-Il,Kim, Sung Tae,Kim, Yun-Hee Mary Ann Liebert 2014 Brain connectivity Vol.4 No.4

<P>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) influences the brain temporally beyond the stimulation period and spatially beyond the stimulation site. Application of rTMS over the primary motor cortex (M1) has been shown to lead to plastic changes in interregional connectivity over the motor system as well as alterations in motor performance. With a sequential combination of rTMS over the M1 and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we sought changes in the topology of brain networks and specifically the association of brain topological changes with motor performance changes. In a sham-controlled parallel group experimental design, real or sham rTMS was administered to each of the 15 healthy subjects without prior motor-related dysfunctions, over the right M1 at a high frequency of 10 Hz. Before and after the intervention, fMRI data were acquired during a sequential finger motor task using the left, nondominant hand. Changes in the topology of brain networks were assessed in terms of global and local efficiency, which measures the efficiency in transporting information at global and local scales, respectively, provided by graph-theoretical analysis. Greater motor performance changes toward improvements after real rTMS were shown in individuals who exhibited more increases in global efficiency and more decreases in local efficiency. The enhancement of motor performance after rTMS is supposed to be associated with brain topological changes, such that global information exchange is facilitated, while local information exchange is restricted.</P>

Safety of a Traditional Korean Medicine, Cheonggan extracts (CGX): A 2-week Single-dose Toxicity Study in SD Rats and Beagle Dogs

Shin, Jang-Woo,Cho, Jung-Hyo,Seo, Dong-Seok,Sung, Nak-Won,Kwon, Min,Son, Chang-Gue The Society of Korean Medicine 2009 대한한의학회지 Vol.30 No.6

Objectives: To evaluate the acute toxic effects and approximate lethal dose of Cheonggan extracts (CGX) in SD rats and beagle dogs. Methods: Male and female rats were divided into 4 groups (Control, CGX 1250, CGX 2500, CGX 5000) respectively and male and female dogs were divided into two groups respectively (Control, CGX 5000) respectively. A single oral dose of CGX was treated to the rats and dogs. Mortality, signs of gross toxicity, and behavioral changes were observed over 14 days. All animals were observed every hour for 4 hours after administration and once a day thereafter for 14 days. Body weights were determined at $0_{th}$, $7_{th}$, and $14_{th}$ days. All surviving animals were sacrificed and necrotized. Major organs were inspected visually for gross findings. Results: No animals died in any of the groups during the experimental period (2 weeks), rats or dogs. Body weights of rats and dogs during the experiment continuously increased in all groups but there was no significant change. No abnormal clinical signs were observed for 2 weeks after a single administration of CGX in any dose group of CGX, rats or dogs. No abnormal findings in major organs were observed in any group of rats or dogs. Conclusion: CGX does not have acute toxic effects in rats or dogs. Therefore, an approximate lethal dose is assumed to exceed 5000 mg/kg in both rats and dogs.

Fault Diagnosis of Roll Shape Under the Speed Variation in Hot Rolling Mill

Chang Woo Lee,Hyun Kyoo Kang,Kee Hyun Shin 대한기계학회 2006 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.20 No.9

The metal processing system usually consists of various components such like motors, work rolls, backup rolls, idle rolls, sensors, etc. Even a simple fault in a single component in the system may cause a serious damage on the final product. It is therefore necessary to diagnose the faults of the components to detect and prevent system failure. Especially, the defects in a work roll are critical to the quality of strip. It is especially difficult to detect faults of a roll by using the existing frequency analysis method if the speed of the roll is changing. In this study, a new diagnosis method for roll eccentricity under the roll speed changes was developed. The new method was induced from analyzing the rolling mechanism by using rolling force models, radius -speed relationship, and measured rolling force, etc. Simulation results by using the field data show that the proposed method is very useful.

Aptamer‑linked immobilized sorbent assay for detecting GMO marker, phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT)

Woo‑Ri Shin,Mun‑Jong Lee,SEKHONSIMRANJEET SINGH,Ji Hun Kim,Sun Chang Kim,Byung‑Kwan Cho,Ji‑Young Ahn,Yang‑Hoon Kim 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.3

Background Development of genetically modified crops has rapidly increased in last few years. The most widely grown GM crops express genes that confer herbicide tolerance and insect resistance. Detection system of GM crops is important for safety evaluation before its consumption. Objective The purpose of this research is to detect GM crops, especially PAT, in food-samples. Results The bar gene (PAT protein, herbicide resistant) was cloned in pGEX-4T-1 and expressed by E. coli. The high-affinity PAT-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers were obtained from a random DNA library. MOE docking study was performed to identify the potential binding region of the selected aptamers on PAT. Aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay (ALISA) method was used to detect PAT. Conclusion We screened aptamer against PAT for developing an efficient detection method. The selected PAT specific aptamers, HRPA-05 and HRPA-07, showed the distinct target binding behaviors, and detected PAT protein by aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay method with high efficiency and selectivity.

Fault Diagnosis of Roll Shape Under the Speed Variation in Hot Rolling Mill

Lee, Chang-Woo,Kang, Hyun-Kyoo,Shin, Kee-Hyun The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2006 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.20 No.9

The metal processing system usually consists of various components such like motors, work rolls, backup rolls, idle rolls, sensors, etc. Even a simple fault in a single component in the system may cause a serious damage on the final product. It is therefore necessary to diagnose the faults of the components to detect and prevent system failure. Especially, the defects in a work roll are critical to the quality of strip. It is especially difficult to detect faults of a roll by using the existing frequency analysis method if the speed of the roll is changing. In this study, a new diagnosis method for roll eccentricity under the roll speed changes was developed. The new method was induced from analyzing the rolling mechanism by using rolling force models, radius-speed relationship, and measured rolling force, etc. Simulation results by using the field data show that the proposed method is very useful.

Surface albedo from the geostationary Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS)/Meteorological Imager (MI) observation system

Lee, Chang Suk,Han, Kyung-Soo,Yeom, Jong-Min,Lee, Kyeong-sang,Seo, Minji,Hong, Jinkyu,Hong, Je-Woo,Lee, Keunmin,Shin, Jinho,Shin, In-Chul,Chun, Junghwa,Roujean, Jean-Louis Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2018 GISCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING Vol.55 No.1

<P>The surface albedo is an essential climate variable that is considered in many applications used for predicting climate and understanding the mechanisms of climate change. In this study, surface albedo was estimated using a bidirectional reflectance distribution function model based on Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite/Meteorological Imager data. Geostationary orbiting satellite data are suitable for a level 2 product like albedo, which requires a synthetic process to estimate. The authors modified established methods to consider the geometry of the solar-surface-sensor of COMS/MI. Of note, the viewing zenith angle term was removed from the kernel integration used for estimating spectral albedo. Finally, the spectral (narrow) albedo was converted into the broadband albedo with shortwave length (approximately 0.3-2.5 m). This study determined conversion coefficients using only one spectral albedo of visible channel. The estimated albedo had a relatively high correlation with Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre/Vegetation and low unweighted error values specific for land types or times. The validation results show that estimated albedo has a root mean square error of 0.0134 at Jeju flux site that indicates accuracy similar to that of other satellite-based products.</P>

Safety and efficacy of dietary supplement (gintonin-enriched fraction from ginseng) in subjective memory impairment: A randomized placebo-controlled trial

Lee Woo-Jin,Shin Yong-Won,Chang Hyeyeon,Shin Hye-Rim,Kim Won-Woo,Jung Seok-Won,Kim Manho,Nah Seung-Yeol 한국한의학연구원 2022 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.11 No.1

Background: Gintonin inhibits β-amyloid production, increases acetylcholine level in the brain, and promotes neurogenesis. We evaluated the efficacy of gintonin-enriched fraction (GEF) in improving the cognitive performance in subjective memory impairment. Methods: In this 8-week, randomized, assessor and participant blinded, placebo–controlled study, participants with subjective memory impairment but preserved cognitive function (Korean Mini-Mental State Examination [K-MMSE] score ≥23) were assigned to GEF 300mg/day or placebo. K-MMSE, Korean versions of the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale, color-word stroop test (K-CWST), clinical dementia rating, and Beck depression inventory-II were evaluated along with the safety profiles. The primary outcome was set as the change in the K-MMSE. Results: Seventy-six participants complete the study protocol. After 8 weeks, there was no inter-group difference in the primary or secondary outcome score changes. However, GEF group showed an improvement in the K-MMSE scores (P= 0.026), and in the number of correct answers in both word reading (P= 0.008) and color reading (P= 0.005) of K-CWST, although only the improvement in the K-CWST scores were higher than the minimum clinically important difference. The frequency of adverse events was comparable between the groups and all were of mild severity. Conclusion: GEF is safe but might not be effective in treating subjective memory impairment within the current study setting. However, GEF showed a trend of improving the global cognition and the frontal executive function. Further large-sized studies with longer follow-up period are warranted. Clinical trial registration: This clinical trial was registered at Clinical Research Information Service of Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: KCT0004636. Background: Gintonin inhibits β-amyloid production, increases acetylcholine level in the brain, and promotes neurogenesis. We evaluated the efficacy of gintonin-enriched fraction (GEF) in improving the cognitive performance in subjective memory impairment. Methods: In this 8-week, randomized, assessor and participant blinded, placebo–controlled study, participants with subjective memory impairment but preserved cognitive function (Korean Mini-Mental State Examination [K-MMSE] score ≥23) were assigned to GEF 300mg/day or placebo. K-MMSE, Korean versions of the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale, color-word stroop test (K-CWST), clinical dementia rating, and Beck depression inventory-II were evaluated along with the safety profiles. The primary outcome was set as the change in the K-MMSE. Results: Seventy-six participants complete the study protocol. After 8 weeks, there was no inter-group difference in the primary or secondary outcome score changes. However, GEF group showed an improvement in the K-MMSE scores (P= 0.026), and in the number of correct answers in both word reading (P= 0.008) and color reading (P= 0.005) of K-CWST, although only the improvement in the K-CWST scores were higher than the minimum clinically important difference. The frequency of adverse events was comparable between the groups and all were of mild severity. Conclusion: GEF is safe but might not be effective in treating subjective memory impairment within the current study setting. However, GEF showed a trend of improving the global cognition and the frontal executive function. Further large-sized studies with longer follow-up period are warranted. Clinical trial registration: This clinical trial was registered at Clinical Research Information Service of Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: KCT0004636.

Acral calcified angioleiomyoma: a rare clinicopathologic variant of cutaneous angioleiomyoma

( Kihyuk Shin ),( Woo-il Kim ),( Min-young Yang ),( Won-ku Lee ),( Tae-wook Kim ),( Sung-min Park ),( Hyun-joo Lee ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byung-soo Kim ),( Moon-bum Kim ),( Gun-wook Ki 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.1

Cutaneous angioleiomyomas are benign tumors with vascular smooth muscle differentiation. The tumor usually involves the lower extremity, but acral sites such as toes, fingers, feet, and hands are rarely affected. Leiomyoma of deep soft tissue commonly shows regressive changes including prominent fibrosis, and calcification, however, cutaneous angioleiomyoma rarely manifests these changes. A 61-year-old female presented with subcutaneous nodule on the right heel. The lesion began to develop 3 months ago without history of trauma or infection, and the patient reported no subjective symptom. The lesion was totally excised, and histopathology revealed a well-circumscribed, non-encapsulated tumor composed of interlacing fascicles of spindled cells with elongated blunt-ended nuclei. A major finding was extensive calcifications, which dominated over the cellular component. On immunohistochemical examination, the spindle cells expressed strong immunoreactivity for α -smooth muscle actin. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of acral calcified angioleiomyoma was made. We have described a rare clinicopathologic variant of angioleiomyoma which has a predilection for acral locations and shows extensive calcifications predominating over the tumor itself. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with acral calcified angioleiomyoma in Korean dermatologic literature.

Safety of a Traditional Korean Medicine, Cheonggan extracts (CGX)

Jang-Woo Shin,Jung-Hyo Cho,Dong-Seok Seo,Nak-Won Sung,Min Kwon,Chang-Gue Son 대한한의학회 2009 대한한의학회지 Vol.30 No.6

철원 비무장지대 인근지역에서 두루미류의 월동생태 및 서식지 관리

이우신,임신재,허위행,최창용,최서윤,박용수,이창배 中央大學校 食糧資源硏究所 2003 食糧資源硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate wintering ecology and habitat using pattern of cranes for sound protection and management of the birds and their habitat near the Demilitarized Zone(DMZ) of Cheolwon, South Korea. Distribution of cranes seemed to be affected by road construction and human activity. Dried rice paddy was mainly habitat type of cranes in Cheolwon area. Gleaning was dominant behavior during day time. Ratio of alert was increased in afternoon. There was difference in time budget of behavior between red-crowned and white-naped cranes. For the stable wintering of cranes, minimum change of habitat, decrease of human disturbance and stable food maintenance would be needed in Cheolwon area.