Effects of insulin glulisine as mono- or add-on therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Kawamori, R.,Iwamoto, Y.,Kadowaki, T.,Iwasaki, M.,Kim, S.-W.,Woo, J.-T.,Baik, S.-H.,Yoon, K.-H. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 DIABETES OBESITY AND METABOLISM Vol.11 No.9

<P>Aim</P><P>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of insulin glulisine (glulisine) with and without oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD; sulphonylurea or sulphonylurea + biguanide) relative to that of OAD alone in Japanese and Korean patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</P><P>Methods</P><P>In an open, randomized, parallel-group, comparative, controlled trial, 387 patients were randomized and treated with glulisine + OAD (n = 130), glulisine monotherapy (n = 127) or OAD only (n = 130) for 16 weeks. Glulisine was self-injected subcutaneously three times daily (0–15 minutes before meals) at a starting dose of ≥0.2 U/kg/day. Patients titrated the glulisine dose to achieve a 2-h postprandial plasma glucose (2h-PPG) level of 7.1–9.5 mmol/l (128–172 mg/dl) by administering at least one additional unit at each appropriate meal time if the 2h-PPG level was > 9.5 and < 11.1 mmol/l (> 172 and < 200 mg/dl) and by administering at least two additional units if the 2h-PPG level was ≥ 11.1 mmol/l (≥ 200 mg/dl). Therapy with OAD was continued at the stable baseline regimen. The primary efficacy endpoint was change in haemoglobin A<SUB>1c</SUB> (HbA<SUB>1c</SUB>) from baseline to endpoint in the intention-to-treat population.</P><P>Results</P><P>At baseline, therapy with OAD was a sulphonylurea only and a sulphonylurea + a biguanide in approximately 24 and 76% of patients respectively. Both glulisine groups had larger reductions in adjusted mean HbA<SUB>1c</SUB> than the OAD-only group (glulisine + OAD, −2.07%; glulisine monotherapy, −1.25%; OAD only, −0.61%). Superiority of glulisine + OAD and glulisine monotherapy vs. OAD only was shown by differences in adjusted mean HbA<SUB>1c</SUB> change from baseline values of −1.46% (p < 0.0001) and −0.64% (p < 0.0001) respectively. Both glulisine groups had better 2h-PPG control than the OAD-only group. Mean daily glulisine doses increased from baseline to endpoint (glulisine + OAD, 13.3–22.5 U; glulisine monotherapy, 14.2–38.0 U). The rate of all symptomatic hypoglycaemia events per patient-year in the entire treatment phase was 11.9 in the glulisine + OAD group, 8.8 in the glulisine monotherapy group and 1.7 in the OAD-only group. There was only one event of severe hypoglycaemia, which occurred in the glulisine + OAD group. Efficacy and safety were similar in Japanese and Korean subpopulations.</P><P>Conclusions</P><P>Both glulisine + OAD and glulisine monotherapy were well tolerated and effective for Japanese and Korean patients with T2DM mellitus inadequately controlled by OAD therapy alone.</P>

T-ray를 이용한 항공복합재 스킨내의 이물 NDE기법

임광희(K. H. Im),신승택(S. T. Shin),이상민(S. M. Lee),이성근(S. K. Lee),우용득(W. D. Woo),조현준(H. J. Cho),David K. Hsu 한국정밀공학회 2017 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.5월

활성산소원을 이용한 핵사플로오로프로필렌 에폭사이드의 합성

이희우,김훈식,김홍곤,우주영,이태환 한국공업화학회 2001 응용화학 Vol.5 No.2

Hexafluoropropylene oxide(HFPO) is a representative oxygen-containing C₃ fluoromonomer, which enhances physical and chemical properties of fluoro copolymers. It is also essentially used for manufacturing fluorinated ion-exchange membranes such as Nafionⓡ. HFPO was successfully obtained from a liquid-phase epoxidation of hexafluoropropylene with active oxygen species such as NaOCl and H₂O₂. Addition of transition metal halides to the HFP epoxidation was revealed to appreciably enhance the yield of HFPO. Among the transition metal halides used, ferric chloride showed the highest catalytic activity in the epoxidation reactions with both NaOCl and H₂O₂.

Semi-crystalline photovoltaic polymers with efficiency exceeding 9% in a ∼300 nm thick conventional single-cell device

Nguyen, T. L.,Choi, H.,Ko, S.-J.,Uddin, M. A.,Walker, B.,Yum, S.,Jeong, J.-E.,Yun, M. H.,Shin, T. J.,Hwang, S.,Kim, J. Y.,Woo, H. Y. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.7 No.9

<P>We report a series of semi-crystalline, low band gap (LBG) polymers and demonstrate the fabrication of highly efficient polymer solar cells (PSCs) in a thick single-cell architecture. The devices achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 7% without any post-treatment (annealing, solvent additive, <I>etc.</I>) and outstanding long-term thermal stability for 200 h at 130 °C. These excellent characteristics are closely related to the molecular structures where intra- and/or intermolecular noncovalent hydrogen bonds and dipole–dipole interactions assure strong interchain interactions without losing solution processability. The semi-crystalline polymers form a well-distributed nano-fibrillar networked morphology with PC<SUB>70</SUB>BM with balanced hole and electron mobilities (a h/e mobility ratio of 1–2) and tight interchain packing (a π–π stacking distance of 3.57–3.59 Å) in the blend films. Furthermore, the device optimization with a processing additive and methanol treatment improves efficiencies up to 9.39% in a ∼300 nm thick conventional single-cell device structure. The thick active layer in the PPDT2FBT:PC<SUB>70</SUB>BM device attenuates incident light almost completely without damage in the fill factor (0.71–0.73), showing a high short-circuit current density of 15.7–16.3 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. Notably, PPDT2FBT showed negligible changes in the carrier mobility even at ∼1 μm film thickness.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>New semi-crystalline photovoltaic polymers were synthesized and the optimized device exhibited 9.39% efficiency in a ∼300 nm thick single-cell device. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4ee01529k'> </P>

Feasibility experiment of physics-based global electron temperature profile control in KSTAR

Kim, H.-S.,Kim, S.H.,Jeon, Y.M.,Na, Y.-S.,Bae, Y.S.,Hahn, S.H.,Joung, M.,Lee, K.D.,Han, H.S.,Woo, M.H.,Lee, T.G.,Yun, S.W.,Yoon, S.W. Elsevier 2018 Fusion engineering and design Vol.135 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>KSTAR experiments have been conducted aiming at establishing a real-time control system that uses multiple actuators (NBI and ECH) to control the plasma profiles (T<SUB>e</SUB> and q profiles) and validating an applied physics-based plasma profile response model. Toward establishing the multiple plasma profile control system, the control experiment of the electron temperature profile has been performed in KSTAR as a first step. Although the plasma profile control system was in the commissioning phase, the electron temperature was feedback controlled successfully in real-time while the normalized radial profile of electron temperature remained nearly constant. In the circumstance, the implemented physics-based response model was successfully validated against control experiments with a step variation on the control target and an application of multiple actuators. The robustness of the controller is examined against an external disturbance in which a static version of the control matrix was used.</P>

Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of H13N6 isolate in South Korea

Rochelle Flores,Jae-Hoon Kim,Binh T. Nguyen,Paula Leona T. Cammayo,Andrea Gail M. Villavicencio,Wongi Min,Woo H. Kim 한국가금학회 2022 한국가금학회 정기총회 및 학술발표회 Vol.2022 No.11

Photo-catalytic activity of hydrophilic-modified TiO₂ for the decomposition of methylene blue and phenol

Cha, B.J.,Woo, T.G.,Park, E.J.,Kim, I.H.,An, J.E.,Seo, H.O.,Kim, Y.D. Elsevier 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.11

<P>We applied hydrophilic surface modification to P-25 TiO2 nanoparticles via thermal deposition of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), followed by annealing at 800 degrees C under vacuum conditions. This process yielded a thin layer consisting of hydrophilic organic functional groups (e.g., -C = O) as well as SiOx structures on the surface of TiO2. Compared to bare TiO2, the surface-modified TiO2 showed a higher adsorption capacity and photo-catalytic decomposition rate toward methylene blue. However, regarding the photo-catalytic decomposition of phenol, total mineralization of phenol was more complete when bare TiO2 was used as a photo-catalyst, whereas partial oxidation of phenol (i.e., into hydroquinone) was more dominant and total oxidation of phenol was supressed in the presence of surface-modified TiO2. Overall, one cannot simply say that hydrophilic modification of TiO2 leads to a higher affinity to H2O molecules with a higher yield of strongly-oxidizing agents (OH radicals) to increase the photo-catalytic activity in aqueous solutions. Our results imply that a subtle balance of the adsorption energy or rates of H2O, reactants, and reaction intermediates can be important factors for determining the photo-catalytic reaction rate. Different types of photo-catalyst surface modification can be beneficial or detrimental depending on the reaction. It is highlighted that one should be wary of evaluating the overall photocatalytic activities of dissimilar catalysts based on the results of only a couple of reactions. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

발사체 공력해석 프로그램 RocketAeroMaster2005 개발

김재수,김종록,우철훈,김태훈,임오택,박정주,오범석,옥호남 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2005 機械技術硏究 Vol.8 No.1

예비설계 단계에서 외형설계, 구조설계를 위한 하중분포 계산, 발사체의 안정성 및 성능분석을 위하여 데이터베이스형 발사체 공력코드를 개발하였다. 분석방법으로는 동체, 스트랩온 부스터의 공력계수와 동체와 스트랩온 부스터의 간섭 동의 분석을 거쳐 전체 발사체에 대한 분석이 이루어졌다. 발사체 공력코드의 데이터베이스구성은 기존의 DATCOM의 데이터베이스를 기반으로 발사체 형상에 대한 실험데이터(MD)를 추가 구성함으로서 발사체 공력코드의 신뢰성을 증대시켰다. 또한, 기존의 발사체 공력설계코드와 비교 분석을 수행하여 발사체 공력코드를 검증하였다. For the development of launch vehicle, the aerodynamic characteristics have to be performed for the configuration design in the preliminary design, the load distribution in the detail design, and the performance analysis. The static and dynamic coefficients are analyzed for strap on booster, body and strap on booster-body interface characteristics. A detail analysis is required during the detail design phase, but a rapid analysis is better in the preliminary design. Therefore, the database code, based on the theory and experimental datum, is useful to analyze the variety of models during the preliminary design phase, and the computational aerodynamic code is required to calculate the detail load distribution during the detail design phase. In this computational aerodynamic code, based on the database of theoretical and experimental datum, have been developed.

14.6 A GeV ^28Si 중이온이 원자핵건판내에서 발생시킨 핵반응에서 생성된 2차입자의 발생각 분포

김종오,김태연,남신우,신택수,우종관,이세병,임계엽,장세덕,조재희,천병구,임인택,김기영 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1990 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.6 No.-

14.6A GeV^28Si 중이온이 원자핵 건판내에서 발생시킨 N_h=1인 핵반응에서 생성된 47개의 파쇄 α 입자와 537개의 단일하전 2차입자의 발생각들을 측정하여 변수 exp(γ-η_b)의 포괄적 분포를 회귀함수 dN=exp[a+χ{exp(γ-η_b)d{exp(γ-η_b)}로 적합시켰다. 여기서 의사신속도 γ=arctanh(cosθ)=-ln tan(θ/2)이고, 입사 중이온의 신속도 η_b=3.445이다. 그 적합결과 파쇄 α입자의 경우 χ=-0.052±0.011이고, 파쇄 p입자의 경우 χ=-0.141±0.015이었다. For LS emission angles of 47 α fragments and 537 single-charged shower particles, produced by the N_h (the number of heavyprongs)=1 interactions of 14.6 A GeV^28Si nuclei in the nuclear emulsion, the distribution of the parameter exp(γ-η_b) is well expressed by dN=exp[a+χ{exp(γ-η_b)d{exp(γ-η_b)}with χ=-0.052±0.011 for αfragments and χ=-0.141±0.015 for p 'fragments', where the pseudorapidity of secondaries γ=arctanh(cosθ)=-ln tan(θ/2) and the rapidity of incident heavy ions, η_b=3.445.

Enhancement of contraction and L-type Ca²⁺ current by murrayafoline-A via protein kinase C in rat ventricular myocytes

Chidipi, B.,Son, M.J.,Kim, J.C.,Lee, J.H.,Toan, T.Q.,Cuong, N.M.,Lee, B.H.,Woo, S.H. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 european journal of pharmacology Vol.784 No.-

<P>We previously reported that murrayafoline-A (1-methoxy-3-methyl-9H-carbazole, Mu-A) increases the contractility of ventricular myocytes, in part, via enhancing Ca2+ influx through L-type Ca2+ channels, and that it increases the Ca2+ transients by activation of protein kinase C (PKC). In the present study, we further examined the cellular mechanisms for the enhancement of contractility and L-type Ca2+ current (I-ca,I-L) by Mu-A. Cell shortening and I-Ca,I-L were measured in rat ventricular myocytes using a video edge detection method and perforated patch-clamp technique, respectively. We found that the positive inotropic effect of Mu-A was not affected by pre-exposure to the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol, the protein kinase A (PIGS) inhibitors KT5720 or H-89, or the phospholipase C inhibitor U73122. Interestingly, the Mu-A-mediated increases in cell shortening and in the rate of contraction were completely suppressed by pre-treatment with the PKC inhibitor GF109203X. The stimulatory effect of Mu-A on I-Ca,I-L was not altered by inhibition of PKA (KT5720), G-protein coupled receptors (suramin), or alpha(1)-adrenoceptor (prazosin). However, pre-exposure to the PKC inhibitor, GF109203X or chelerythrine, abolished the Mu-A-induced increase in I-Ca,I-L. Pre-exposure to the Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) inhibitor KN93 slightly reduced the stimulatory effects on contraction and I-Ca,I-L by Mu-A. Phosphorylation of PKC was enhanced by Mu-A in ventricular myocytes. These data suggest that Mu-A increases contraction and I-Ca,I-L via PKC in rat ventricular myocytes, and that the PKC-mediated responses in the presence of Mu-A may be partly mediated by CaMKII. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>