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예방위주의 계속구강건강관리 제도의 운영사례에 대한 분석 연구 : 16세 이하 연령층을 대상으로
원준영,신승철,서현석,류현 대한구강보건학회 2003 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.27 No.3
The purpose of this study was to obtain database for developing a model of incremental dental care system in Korea. The author conducted the incremental dental care for 232 persons during one year in personal dental hospital. The data was analyzed improvement of oral health conditions during initial stage and 1st incremental care stage, and required cost during one year. The results were as follows ; 1. Active caries free rate was increased from 75.43% to 94.83% during incremental dental care. 2. The mean care time was estimated 486.1 minutes per one person. The dental chair-time for incremental dental care was 314.9 minutes and the indirect required time was 171.2 minutes. 3. The mean care cost of incremental dental care was estimated 413,159 Won based on customary fee and 284,576 Won based on relative value scale, 278,521 Won based on labor cost and clinic operating cost. 4. The proper incremental dental care cost of the first year until highschool student was estimated about 280,000 Won, and the cost seemed to be reduced from second year. 5. It is suggested that incremental dental care program in personal dental clinic is effective means of improving oral health and it is recommended to extend the incremental dental care program.
일부 지역 주민에서 초기 신기능 저하의 지표로서 혈청 Cystatin C 농도의 유용성
원기범,김준섭,박준형,강혁주,이정호 동국대학교 의학연구소 2009 東國醫學 Vol.15 No.2
혈청 cystatin C농도는 혈청 creatinine농도에 비해 신기능을 정확히 반영한다고 알려져 있지만, 대규모 연구 자료가 제한적이었다. 따라서 저자는 다수의 일부 지역 주민을 대상으로 cystatin C를 creatinine과 비교하여 신기능의 지표로서 cystatin C의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 2008년 7월부터 9월까지 포항지역의 건강 검진자 999명 (남자: 324명, 여자: 657명)을 대상으로 혈청 cystatin C, 혈청 creatmine, 나이, 체중을 측정하고, Cockcroft-Gault식으로 사구체 여과율을 계산하였다. 계산된 사구체 여과율을 National Kidney Foundation의 Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI)에서 제시한 만성 신장병 분류 기준에 따라 5단계로 분류하였지만 4단계 (중증의 사구체 여과율 저하) 및 5단계 (신부전 또는 투석) 에 포함되는 대상자들의 숫자가 적어 (4단계: 4명, 5단계: 1명) 연구 대상에서 제외하였다. 대상자들의 평균 나이는 52.1 ± 17.1 세, 평균 체중은 59.7 ± 11.3 Kg,평균 혈청 cystatin C농도는 0.9 ± 0.2 mg, 평균 creatinine 농도는 1.0 ± 0.2 mg/dL이었다. 사구체 여과율을 각 단계별로 비교해 본 결과는 다음과 같이 혈청 cystatin C농도는 1 단계 (정상 신기능)는 0.8 ± 0.1 mg, 2단계 (경도의 신기능 저하)는 0.9 U 0.1 mg, 3단계 (중등도의 신기능 저하)는 1.0 d=0.1mg로 각각 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05).혈청 creatinine농도는 1단계는 0.9 ± 0.2 mg/dL, 2단계는 0.9 ± 0.1 mg/dL, 3단계는 1.0 ± 0.1 mg/dL로 l단계와 2단계 간에 차이가 없었으나 (p>0.05), 2단계와 3단계 간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05).혈청 cystatin C농도와 혈청 creatinine농도는 나이 (cystatin C: r=0.275, p<0.05; creatinine: r=0.300, p<0.05) 및 체중 (cystatin C: r=0.075, P<0.05; creatinine: r=0.162, p<0.05) 과 양의 상관 관계를 보였다. 혈청 cystatin C 농도는 성별 간의 차이가 없었고, 혈청 creatinine농도는 남성에서 유의하게 높았다. 혈청 cystatin C농도는 혈청 creatinine농도에 비해 초기 신기능 저하를 반영하는 유용한 지표라고 생각된다. Although serum cystatin C has been suggested to be a better alternative marker than serum creatinine for estimating renal function, there have been limited data about its superiority over creatinine in a large number of populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate cystatin C as a renal marker compared to creatinine in a large population of the local community. We measured serum cystatin C, creatinine, age, body weight from 999 volunteers (Male; 324, Female; 657) of a single local cohort, Phohang, from July to September, 2008, and then calculated the GFR according to Cockcroft Gault(CG) formula. The population was divided into five stages followed by the chronic renal disease classification presented by KDOQI. The numbers in stage 4 (severe renal impairment), and 5 (renal failure) were too small (4 in stage 4, 1 in stage 5) to perform statistical analysis, so we excluded them. The mean age was 52.1 ± 17.1, and body weight 59.7 ± 11.3 Kg; serum cystatin C 0.9 ± 0.2 mg/L; serum creatmine 1.0 ± 0.2 mg/dL; CG GFR 70.6 ± 19.1 ml/min/1.73 m^(2). The tests completed for the comparison among each stage suggested the following results; serum cystatin C levels in stage 1 (normal renal function), stage 2 (mild deterioration of renal function), and stage 3 (moderate deterioration of renal function) showed the significant differences (stage 1 vs 2: 0.8 ± 0.1 vs 0.9 ± 0.1, p<0.05; stage 2 vs 3: 0.9 ± 0.1 vs 1.0 ± 0.1, p<0.05). Serum creatinine levels showed no significant differences between stage 1 and stage 2 (stage 1 vs 2: 0.9 ± 0.2 vs 0.9 ± 0.1, p>0.05), but showed significant differences between stage 2 and stage 3 (stage 2 vs 3: 0.9 ± 0.1 vs 1.0 ± 0.1, p<0.05). Serum cystatin C and creatinine presented positive correlation between age (cystatin C: r=0.275, p<0.05; creatinine: r=0.300, p<0.05) and body weight (cystatin C: r=0.075, p<0.05; creatinine: r=0.162, P<0.05). Serum cystatin C levels showed no significant difference in sex, but serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in men than women. Serum cystatin C level is suggested to be more useful parameter than serum creatinine level to evaluate early renal impairment.