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Kyu-shik Jeong,정원일,Jae-yong Chung,Mi-young An,Chae-yong Jung,Gyoung-jae Lee,Jong-soo Kang,Byeong-cheol Kang,Young-heun Jee,Bruce H Williams,Young-oh Kwon,Da-hee Jeong 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2
Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV)Da-hee Jeong, Won-il Jeong, Jae-yong Chung, Mi-young An, Chae-yong Jung, Gyoung-jae Lee1, Jong-soo Kang1, Byeong-cheol Kang2, Young-heun Jee3, Bruce H Williams4, Young-oh Kwon5 and Kyu-shik Jeong*College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea1Shinwon Scientific Co., LTD, Research Institute, Suwon, Korea2Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea
An experimental and numerical approach in strength prediction of reclaimed rubber concrete
Williams, Kanmalai C.,Partheeban, P. Techno-Press 2018 Advances in concrete construction Vol.6 No.1
Utilization of waste tires may be considered as one of the solution to the problems faced by the local authorities in disposing them. Reclaimed rubber (RR) is being used in concrete for replacing conventional aggregates. This research work is focused on the strength prediction of reclaimed rubber concrete using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) for M40 grade of concrete and comparing it with experimental results. 1000 sets were taken and 100 iterations were run during training of GA models. A base study has been carried out in this research work partially replacing cement with three types of fillers such as Plaster of Paris (POP), Fly Ash (FA) and Silica Fume (SF). A total of 243 cubes were cast and tested for compression using a Universal Testing Machine. It was found that SF produced maximum strength in concrete and was used in the main study with reclaimed rubber. Tests were conducted on 81 cube samples with a combination of optimum SF percent and various proportions of RR replacing coarse aggregates in concrete mix. Compressive strength tests of concrete at 7, 14 and 28 days reveal that the maximum strength is obtained at 12 percent replacement of cement and 9 percent replacement of coarse aggregates respectively. Moreover the GA results were found to be in line with the experimental results obtained.
2P-393 Computational analysis of capacity fade in spinel-based cathode and artificial graphite anode
( Williams Agyei Appiah ),박주남,변승우,유명현,이용민 한국공업화학회 2017 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.1
A comprehensive mathematical model is developed to study the cycling performance of LiMn2O4/graphite lithium ion cells. The proposed model takes into consideration the formation and dissolution of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at the anode, Mn(II) dissolution of LiMn2O4 cathode active material due to Mn(III) disproportionation reaction and its effects on the SEI at the anode as well as the formation of cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) on the cathode. The developed model is incorporated into the Newman’s Porous Composite Electrode framework (PCE) and implemented in the battery module of COMSOL Multiphysics. The proposed model is used to study the effects of variations in temperature and voltage range of cycling on the capacity fade and changes in volume fraction of cathode active material, resistance in the cell and SEI thickness.
Williams S. Ebhota,Tien-Chien Jen 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.7 No.1
The rise in global urbanization comes with sustainable development challenges, especially in lower-middle-income countries. In response to these urbanization and energy challenges, this study focuses on the roles of energy materials (EMs) advances on community-scale hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES). The study proposes the integration of energy material (EM) R&D into HRES (EMR&D-HRES). The study examines the economic benefits and the environmental and health consequences that trail the deployment of fossil fuels. Special attention was given to SSA, a region that—accommodates the highest population without modern energy; emits the least CO2 to the global CO2 emissions and yet endangered by climate change challenges and air pollution diseases. The study includes global responses to energy challenges, such as increase alternative energies share, with special attention to solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation technologies; policy framework; HRES and effects of PV materials advances on HRES. This study is of the view that a further breakthrough in the production of low-cost flexible thin film PV modules will facilitate energy trilemma accomplishment. The exploitation of the attributes of atomic layer deposition in manufacturing of thin film is seen as a potential future production technique, suitable for efficient flexible thin-film PV module production.
Williams, D.R. Prince,Al-Jelihaw, Said The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2010 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.28 No.1
In this paper, we introduced the notion of T-vague n-ary subgroups on n-ary subgroups (G, f) and have studied their related properties.
( Williams Agyei Appiah ),박주남,변승우,유명현,이용민 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0
To quantify the capacity fade mechanism in lithium ion batteries composed of a spinel-based cathode and an artificial graphite, a comprehensive mathematical model describing the cycling performance of LiMn2O4/graphite lithium ion cell is developed in this work. The developed model is incorporated into the Newman’s Porous Composite Electrode framework (PCE) and implemented in the battery module of COMSOL Multiphysics. The proposed model is used to investigate the effects of variations in the ambient temperature and of voltage range of cycling on the capacity fade. The effect of changes in the volume fraction of cathode active material, resistance in the cell and state of charge are also studied.
Williams, MichaelP. A.,Ethirajan, Manivannan,Ohkubo, Kei,Chen, Ping,Pera, Paula,Morgan, Janet,White, William H.,Shibata, Masayuki,Fukuzumi, Shunichi,Kadish, Karl M.,Pandey, Ravindra K. American ChemicalSociety 2011 Bioconjugate chemistry Vol.22 No.11
<P>Purpurinimide methyl esters, bearing variable lengthsof N-substitutions,were conjugated individually to a cyanine dye with a carboxylic acidfunctionality. The results obtained from <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> studies showed a significant impactof the linkers joining the phototherapeutic and fluorescence imagingmoieties. The photosensitizer–fluorophore conjugate with aPEG linker showed the highest uptake in the liver, whereas the conjugatelinked with two carbon units showed excellent tumor-imaging and PDTefficacy at 24 h postinjection. Whole body imaging and biodistributionstudies at variable time points portrayed enhanced fluorescent uptakeof the conjugates in the tumor compared to that in the skin. Interestingly,the conjugate with the shortest linker and the one joining with twocarbon units showed faster clearance from normal organs, e.g., theliver, kidney, spleen, and lung, compared to that in tumors. Bothimaging and PDT efficacy of the conjugates were performed in BALB/cmice bearing Colon26 tumors. Compared to the others, the short linkerconjugate showed poor tumor fluorescent properties and as a corollarydoes not exhibit the dual functionality of the photosensitizer–fluorophoreconjugate. For this reason, it was not evaluated for <I>in vivo</I> PDT efficacy. However, in Colon26 tumor cells (<I>in vitro</I>), the short linker was highly effective. Among the conjugates withvariable linkers, the rate of energy transfer from the purpurinimidemoiety to the cyanine moiety increased with deceasing linker length,as examined by femtosecond laser flash photolysis measurements. Noelectron transfer from the purpurinimide moiety to the singlet excitedstate of the cyanine moiety or from the singlet excited state of thecyanine moiety to the purpurinimide moiety occurred as indicated bya comparison of transient absorption spectra with spectra of the one-electronoxidized and one-electron reduced species of the conjugate obtainedby spectroelectrochemical measurements.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/bcches/2011/bcches.2011.22.issue-11/bc200345p/production/images/medium/bc-2011-00345p_0016.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/bc200345p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Regulating Prperty and Liability Insurance Rates Through Excess Profits Statutes
Williams Jr., C . A . 한국보험학회 1990 保險學會誌 Vol.35 No.-
Excess profits statutes in six states require automobile insurers to return excess profits, if any to their policyholders. This article discusses the issues that must be resolved in drafting and implementing an excess profits statute. For example, what is the long-run reasonable of return? What allowance should be made for short-run fluctuations around the reasonable rate af return? The article also examines carefully the only two statutes (Florida and New York) that have been implemented to date. Finally, it presents the cases for and against excess profits statutes as a supplement to existing forms of property and liability insurance rate regulation.
A COUPLED -STRUCTURE WITH AN APPLICATION IN A SUBTRACTION ALGEBRA
Williams, D.R. Prince,Ahn, Sun Shin,Jun, Young Bae The Honam Mathematical Society 2014 호남수학학술지 Vol.36 No.4
In this paper, we introduce a coupled $\mathcal{N}$-structure which is the generalization of $\mathcal{N}$-structure. Using this coupled $\mathcal{N}$-structure, we have applied in a subtraction algebra and have introduced the notion of a coupled $\mathcal{N}$-subalgebra, a coupled $\mathcal{N}$-ideal. Also the characterization of coupled $\mathcal{N}$-ideal is presented.
Developing ICT Competence in Pre-service Teacher Training : A Singapore case
WILLIAMS, MICHAEL D. 이화여자대학교 국제통상협력연구소 2001 Jounal of APEC Studies Vol.3 No.1
Recent changes to the Singapore education system have moved particularly rapidly in the area of the use of computer technologies in schools, and have produced marked demands on teachers to upgrade their technology skills and practices to meet this new educational environment. This paper describes the process which the Singapore education profession, especially pre-service teacher preparation, has undergone in the past several years in an effort to prepare teachers to integrate information and communications technologies (ICT) into their teaching and learning. A variety of factors producing these changes is presented, followed by an updated set of ICT competencies for teachers, as well as the response by the Singapore National Institute of Education to meet these new professional requirements.