학령기 언어장애 아동의 어휘교수를 위한 초등학교 1~2학년 국어 교과서 내용어 분석: 2009 개정 전후 비교를 중심으로

Whasoo Kim,Jeongmin Cheon,Kyungyoon Choi,Seong Hee Choi 한국청각언어재활학회 2016 Audiology and Speech Research Vol.12 No.3

컴퓨터 기반 그림 및 언어 조합을 통한 다중 직무 탐구 학습 전략이 그룹홈 거주 지적장애인의 조리직무기술에 미치는 효과

김영준 ( Kim Youngjun ),김화수 ( Kim Whasoo ) 대구대학교 한국특수교육문제연구소 2021 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.22 No.4

[목적] 본 연구의 목적은 컴퓨터 기반 그림 및 언어 조합을 통한 다중 직무 탐구 학습 전략이 그룹홈 거주 지적장애인의 조리직무기술에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 데에 목적을 두었다. [방법] 연구 참여자는 미취업의 상태로 그룹홈에 1년째 거주 중인 지적장애인 세 명으로 구성되었다. 실험 환경은 그룹홈 내 학습실과 식당 사업체 내 조리실로 구성되었다. 연구 설계는 단일대상연구의 대상자간 중다간헐 기초선 설계 기법이 사용되었으며, 이에 따른 실험 조건은 기초선, 중재, 유지, 일반화와 같이 네 가지로 구성되었다. 독립변인으로 구성된 중재 프로그램은 컴퓨터 기반의 온라인 콘텐츠로 볼 수 있으며, 그림과 언어를 조합하여 조리직무기술의 수행 내용을 다중적으로 탐구하는 절차를 포함한다. 종속변인으로 구성된 조리직무기술은 어묵우동을 메뉴로 하는 식당의 조리실에서 어묵우동을 직접 조리하는 수행으로 정의되며, 과제분석을 통해 총 10가지의 하위 단계로 역시 구성되었다. [결과] 세명의 참여자들은 중재 프로그램을 통하여 조리직무기술을 효과적으로 습득 및 일반화한 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 이상의 결과를 통해, 독립변인과 종속변인의 상호 유의미한 기능적 관계가 타당하다는 측면을 결론지을 수 있었다. [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of multiple job exploration learning strategies through computer-based pictures and language combinations on cooking job skills of adults with ID living in group homes. [Method] The study participants consisted of three adults with ID who have been living in the group home for a year without employment. The experimental environment consisted of a learning room in the group home and a cooking room in the restaurant business. In the study design, multiple probe design across participants technique of a single subject study was used, and the experimental conditions consisted of four types: baseline, intervention, maintenance, and generalization. The intervention program composed of independent variables can be viewed as computer-based online contents, and includes a procedure for multiple exploration of the performance of cooking job skills by combining pictures and languages. The cooking job skills consisting of dependent variables is defined as the performance of cooking fish cake udon directly in the cooking room of a restaurant with fish cake udon as a menu, and it was also composed of a total of 10 sub-steps through task analysis. [Results] It was found that the three participants effectively acquired and generalized cooking job skills through intervention programs. [Conclusion] Through the above results, it was possible to conclude that the meaningful functional relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable is valid.

The General Linear Test in the Ridge Regression

Bae, Whasoo,Kim, Minji,Kim, Choongrak The Korean Statistical Society 2014 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.21 No.4

We derive a test statistic for the general linear test in the ridge regression model. The exact distribution for the test statistic is too difficult to derive; therefore, we suggest an approximate reference distribution. We use numerical studies to verify that the suggested distribution for the test statistic is appropriate. A asymptotic result for the test statistic also is considered.

경도지적장애 성인의 간접화행을 사용한 언어문제해결력에 관한 연구

김화수 ( Kim Whasoo ),임소연 ( Lim Soyeon ),이지우 ( Lee Ji Woo ),우혜진 ( Woo Hye Jin ) 대구대학교 한국특수교육문제연구소 2020 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.21 No.3

[목적] 경도지적장애 성인을 대상으로 간접화행을 사용한 언어문제해결력을 알아보고 지도에 있어 기초자료로 활용하는 데 있다. [방법] 본 연구의 대상은 만 19-23세이면서 언어연령은 10-12세에 해당하는 경도지적장애 성인 15명과 언어연령 일치 비장애 학생 15명으로 총 30명이었다. 간접화행(문장유형, 언표내적 행위)과 언어문제해결력(원인이유, 해결추론, 단서추측)이 포함된 검사도구를 개발하여 간접화행을 사용한 언어문제해결능력을 살펴보고자 한다. 자료처리는 독립표본 t-검정, 일원변량분석, Pearson 상관분석을 실시하였다. [결과] 두 집단을 비교했을 때 3가지 경우(전체 점수, 의문문, 평서문) 모두에서 경도지적장애 성인 집단에 비하여 언어연령 일치 비장애 학생 집단의 점수가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 경도지적장애 성인 집단이 비장애 학생 집단보다 오반응률이 높으며 오류 유형에서도 두 집단 간 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 4가지 상황별 차이 결과, 특히 친구 상황에서 유의한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 경도지적장애 성인 집단의 어휘능력과 간접화행을 사용한 언어문제해결력 간 연관성이 있는지 살펴본 결과, 3가지 조건 간에서 뚜렷한 양적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 본 연구는 대화체로 이루어진 간접화행 문장을 이용하여 경도지적장애 성인의 간접화행 및 언어문제해결력을 파악하였다는 것에 의의가 있다고 사료되며 언어적 개입의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다. [Purpose] The purpose of this study is to investigate verbal problem solving ability using indirect statements on adults with mild intellectual disability and to use the findings as basic data in the guidance. [Method] The subjects of this study were a total of 30 people of 15 adults aged 19-23 and 10-12 of language age with mild intellectual disability and 15 age-matched group of general children. This study intends to investigate verbal problem solving ability using indirect statements by developing a testing tool that includes indirect speech acts(sentence category, illocutionary act) and verbal problem solving ability(causal reason, inference of solution, supposition of clues). For data processing, this study conducted independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation analysis. [Results] When comparing the two groups, in all three cases (total score, interrogative sentence, declarative sentence), the score of the non-disabled student group was higher than that of the adults group with mild intellectual disability. Next, the group of adults with mild intellectual disabilities showed a higher rate of incorrect responses than the group of non-disabled students and the error type also showed significant differences between the two groups. Also, as a result of analyzing the four different situations, in particular, it was shown that there was a significant difference in the context of friends. Lastly, according to the result of investigating a correlation between vocabulary ability and language problem solving ability using indirect statement of adults with mild intellectual disabilities. It was identified that there is a distinct quantitative correlation between 3 different condition. [Conclusion] This study is considered to be have a significance in that this study has identified indirect statements and verbal problem solving ability of adults with mild intellectual disability using indirect statement sentences composed of dialogue, and hope to use these findings as a basis of verbal intervention.

Nonparametric Estimation of Distribution Function using Bezier Curve

Bae, Whasoo,Kim, Ryeongah,Kim, Choongrak The Korean Statistical Society 2014 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.21 No.1

In this paper we suggest an efficient method to estimate the distribution function using the Bezier curve, and compare it with existing methods by simulation studies. In addition, we suggest a robust version of cross-validation criterion to estimate the number of Bezier points, and showed that the proposed method is better than the existing methods based on simulation studies.

촉각 촉진 기반 자기점검중재가 시각중복장애 고등학생의 순대포장 직무기술에 미치는 효과

김영준(Kim, Youngjun),김화수(Kim, Whasoo) 한국시각장애교육재활학회 2022 시각장애연구 Vol.38 No.1

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 촉각 촉진 기반 자기점검중재가 시각중복장애 고등학생의 순대포장 직무기술에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 데에 있다. 연구방법: 연구 대상은 저시력과 지적장애가 수반된 시각중복장애 고등학생 세 명으로 구성되었다. 독립변인(중재 프로그램)은 참여자들이 목표행동의 수행에 사용하는 도구와 재료에 대해 촉각 촉진을 제공받은 후 목표행동을 수행하는 상황과 맥락에 따라 다중 자기점검 절차에 참여하는 것으로 구성되었다. 종속변인(목표행동)은 참여자들이 식품 제조 사업체에서 직접 순대와 내장을 포장하는 수행으로 정의된다. 연구결과: 참여자들은 중재를 통해 목표행동을 효과적으로 습득 및 유지한 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 촉각 촉진 기반 자기점검중재를 시각중복장애학생에게 적용할 시 물건 분류의 직업기초 성격과 기능이 반영된 직무기술을 효과적으로 습득할 수 있다는 상호 유의미한 기능적 관계를 결론지을 수 있었다. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to verify the effects of tactile prompt-based self-monitoring intervention on the sundae packaging job skills of students with visual impairments and multiple disabilities. Method: The study participants consisted of three students with visual impairments and multiple disabilities accompanied by low vision and intellectual disabilities. The independent variable (intervention program) consisted of participants participating in multiple self-monitoring procedures according to the situation and context in which they perform target behaviors after being provided with tactile prompt of tools and materials used to perform target behaviors. The dependent variable (target behaviors) is defined as the performance of participants packing sundae and intestines directly in the food manufacturing businesses. Results: As a result of the study, it was found that participants effectively acquired and maintained target behaviors through intervention. Conclusion: When applying intervention consisting of tactile prompt-based self-monitoring to students with visual impairments and multiple disabilities, there can be a meaningful functional relationship that job skills reflecting basic job characteristics and functions such as object classification could be effectively acquired.

발달장애인 맞춤형 학령기 전환교육 연계 성인기 평생교육 중점 모델 형성: 기초 연구

김영준 ( Youngjun Kim ),김화수 ( Whasoo Kim ) 사단법인 아시아문화학술원 2021 인문사회 21 Vol.12 No.6

본 연구는 발달장애인 맞춤형 학령기 전환교육 연계 성인기 평생교육 중점 모델을 기초적 원론의 수준에서 형성하는 데에 목적을 두어 실시되었다. 연구 방법은 발달장애인의 성인기 평생교육 모델 구축을 위해 학령기 중심의 전환교육 연계 관점을 강조한 선행 연구문헌을 분석하는 절차와 함께 이를 근거로 연구 내용을 구체화할 수 있는 전문가 회의로 구성되었다. 연구 내용은 발달장애인의 학령기 특수교육을 기반으로 한 전환교육을 통한 교육과정 및 관련 서비스와 연계하여 성인기 평생교육 차원에서 구축될 수 있는 제반 적용방안의 구성요소들이 모델화되어 제시되었다. 연구 결과, 발달장애인의 성인기 중점 평생교육 모델은 학령기 중심의 특수교육 분야에 구축된 전환교육과 연계해 개별 맞춤형의 수준으로 구체화될 수 있는 측면이 분석되었다. This study aims to form a model for lifelong education in adulthood linked to school-age transition education tailored to the developmental disabled at the level of basic principles. The research method consists of a process of analyzing the preceding studies that emphasized the viewpoint of linkage of transition education centered on school-age in order to build a lifelong education model for the developmental disabled, and an expert meeting that can specify the research contents based on this. The contents of this study were modeled and presented the components of various application methods that can be constructed in the dimension of adult lifelong education in connection with curriculum and related services through transition education based on school-age special education for the developmental disabled. As a result, the aspect that the lifelong education model focused on adulthood of the developmental disabled can be embodied at the level of individual customized in connection with the transition education established in the special education field centered on school-age was analyzed.

A Note on Cook's Distance in the Multivariate Linear Model

Bae, Whasoo,Hwang, Hyunmi,Kim, Choongrak The Korean Statistical Society 2013 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.20 No.1

We propose a version of Cook's distance (called local distance) in the multivariate linear model. The proposed version is a matrix, while the existing version of Cook's distance (called global distance) is a scalar. The existing Cook's distance is the trace of the proposed Cook's distance. In addition, we argue that the proposed Cook's distance has a more natural extension of the Cook's distance in the univariate linear model than the existing Cook's distance. An illustrative example based on a real data set is given.

Case influence diagnostics for the significance of the linear regression model

Bae, Whasoo,Noh, Soyoung,Kim, Choongrak The Korean Statistical Society 2017 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.24 No.2

In this paper we propose influence measures for two basic goodness-of-fit statistics, the coefficient of determination $R^2$ and test statistic F in the linear regression model using the deletion method. Some useful lemmas are provided. We also express the influence measures in terms of basic building blocks such as residual, leverage, and deviation that showed them as increasing function of residuals and a decreasing function of deviation. Further, the proposed measure reduces computational burden from O(n) to O(1). As illustrative examples, we applied the proposed measures to the stackloss data sets. We verified that deletion of one or few influential observations may result in big change in $R^2$ and F-statistic.

A Study on Visual Cognitiveness through Cartoon in Adults with Mild Intellectual Disabilities

EunYoung Jang,Whasoo Kim 한국청각언어재활학회 2022 Audiology and Speech Research Vol.18 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the qualitative difference between the reasoning comprehension ability (bridging, elaborative, inference on emotional response) and speech bubble filling expressions in cartoons of the adult group with mild intellectual disability and the group of general students who matched their language age. Methods: The subjects were 15 adults with mild intellectual disability aged 18~21 years old, 15 students aged 11~12 years old, and 15 general students who matched their language age, totaling 30 subjects. Results: First, it is confirmed that there was a significant difference between the two groups according to the type of reasoning in the ability to understand reasoning shown in the cartoon. By group, emotional response > elaborative > bridging inference was shown in the case of adult groups with mild intellectual disabilities, and bridging > elaborative > emotional response inference in the case of general student groups. Second, the qualitative analysis with the Likert scale in the cartoon inference expression showed significant differences in each fluency evaluation type. In addition, both groups were averaged in order of pronunciation > speech speed > intonation > grammar. Conclusion: It can be seen that adults with mild intellectual disabilities have difficulty of inferring any content that is not shown between scenes through other scenes, and that various vocabulary uses have not appeared in the context