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Ting, Hsien-Wei,Chan, Chien-Lung,Pan, Ren-Hao,Lai, Robert K.,Chien, Ting-Ying Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Eng 2017 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.11 No.4
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) has a high mortality rate. Research has demonstrated that sICH occurrence is related to weather conditions; therefore, this study used the decision tree method to explore the impact of climatic risk factors on sICH at different ages. The Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and other open-access data were used in this study. The inclusion criterion was a first-attack sICH. The decision tree algorithm and random forest were implemented in R programming language. We defined a high risk of sICH as more than the average number of cases daily, and the younger, middle-aged and older groups were calculated as having 0.77, 2.26 and 2.60 cases per day, respectively. In total, 22,684 sICH cases were included in this study; 3,102 patients were younger (<44 years, younger group), 9,089 were middle-aged (45-64 years, middle group), and 10,457 were older (>65 years, older group). The risk of sICH in the younger group was not correlated with temperature, wind speed or humidity. The middle group had two decision nodes: a higher risk if the maximum temperature was >$19^{\circ}C$ (probability = 63.7%), and if the maximum temperature was <$19^{\circ}C$ in addition to a wind speed <2.788 (m/s) (probability = 60.9%). The older group had a higher risk if the average temperature was >$23.933^{\circ}C$ (probability = 60.7%). This study demonstrated that the sICH incidence in the younger patients was not significantly correlated with weather factors; that in the middle-aged sICH patients was highly-correlated with the apparent temperature; and that in the older sICH patients was highly-correlated with the mean ambient temperature. "Warm" cold ambient temperatures resulted in a higher risk of sICH, especially in the older patients.
Sequencial Enzymatic Synthesis of Sugar nucleotides and Poly-LacNAc
Wei-Ting Chien,Ching-Ching Yu,Chun-Cheng Lin 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
Poly-N-acetyllactosamine (poly-LacNAc, (3Gal1-4GlcNAc1-)n) is a linear carbohydrate polymer composed by repeatingN-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and galactose (Gal) residues. These polysaccharides are found either on N- / O-linked glycoproteins or glycolipids and involve in diverse cellular functions such as differentiation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Poly-LacNAc can be further modified by various glycosyltransferases to create branched structures and display terminal epitopes. Sialylated and fucosylated derivatives of poly-LacNAc have been characterized as specific ligands for different lectins such as selectins and galectins as well as being tumor-associated antigens.It is demanded to have various lengths of oligo-LacNAc for studying LacNAc associated biology. However, the traditional organic synthesis requires tedious multiple protection and de-protection steps which are heavily relied on labor-intensive and time-consuming synthetic routes. To efficiently and quickly produce oligo-LacNAc, we expressed the recombinant bacterial enzymes, □ - 1,3-N-acetyl-glucosaminyltransferase of Helicobacter pylori (HpGnT) and □ -1,4-galactosyltransferase of Neisseria meningitides (NmGalT), from E. coli. Defined lengths of oligo-LacNAcs were synthesized by using the expressed enzymes in the presence of sugar donors, uridine 5’-diphosphate galactose (UDP- Gal) and uridine 5’-diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). To reduce the cost of NDP-sugars used in the oligo-LacNAc synthesis, we set up an enzymatic system for one-pot synthesis of NDP- sugars by using a wild-type bacterial thymidylyltransferase (RmlA). In this study, we applied RmlA to synthesize both UDP-Gal and UDP-GlcNAc. In combination with the use of corresponding kinases, UDP- GlcNAc and UDP-Gal were obtained from cheap starting materials, GlcNAc and Gal. Take the advantage of the great thermal stability of RmlA, the sugar nucleotides were prepared with quantitative yield at 55 oC within two hours. By the alternative addition of HpGnT and NmGalT, different lengths of oligo-LacNAc were synthesized. Compare to previous report, we successfully achieve the synthesis of oligo-LacNAc with a more economical way.
Hsien-Wei Ting,Chien-Lung Chan,Ren-Hao Pan,Robert K. Lai,Ting-Ying Chien 한국정보과학회 2017 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.11 No.4
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) has a high mortality rate. Research has demonstrated that sICH occurrence is related to weather conditions; therefore, this study used the decision tree method to explore the impact of climatic risk factors on sICH at different ages. The Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and other open-access data were used in this study. The inclusion criterion was a first-attack sICH. The decision tree algorithm and random forest were implemented in R programming language. We defined a high risk of sICH as more than the average number of cases daily, and the younger, middle-aged and older groups were calculated as having 0.77, 2.26 and 2.60 cases per day, respectively. In total, 22,684 sICH cases were included in this study; 3,102 patients were younger (<44 years, younger group), 9,089 were middle-aged (45–64 years, middle group), and 10,457 were older (>65 years, older group). The risk of sICH in the younger group was not correlated with temperature, wind speed or humidity. The middle group had two decision nodes: a higher risk if the maximum temperature was >19°C (probability = 63.7%), and if the maximum temperature was <19°C in addition to a wind speed <2.788 (m/s) (probability = 60.9%). The older group had a higher risk if the average temperature was >23.933°C (probability = 60.7%). This study demonstrated that the sICH incidence in the younger patients was not significantly correlated with weather factors; that in the middle-aged sICH patients was highly-correlated with the apparent temperature; and that in the older sICH patients was highly-correlated with the mean ambient temperature. “Warm” cold ambient temperatures resulted in a higher risk of sICH, especially in the older patients.
( Chien Hui Wu ),( Wei Chen Chien ),( Kai Chou Han ),( Jung Woo Yang ),( Hong Ting Victor Lin ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.9
Screening of a gene library from Paenibacillus sp. PBS-2 generated in Escherichia coli led to the identification of a clone with lipolytic activity. Sequence analysis showed an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 378 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 42 kDa. The esterase displayed 69% and 42% identity with the putative β-lactamases from Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 and Clostridium sp. BNL1100, respectively. The esterase contained a Serx- x-Lys motif that is conserved among all β-lactamases found to date. The protein PBS-2 was produced in both soluble and insoluble forms when E. coli cells harboring the gene were cultured at 18°C. The enzyme is a serine protein and was active against p-nitrophenyl esters of C2, C4, C8, and C10. The optimum pH and temperature for enzyme activity were pH 9.0 and 30°C, respectively. Relative activity of 55% remained at up to 5°C with an activation energy of 5.84 kcal/mol, which indicates that the enzyme is cold-adapted. Enzyme activity was inhibited by Cd2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ ions. As expected for a serine esterase, activity was inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. The enzyme was remarkably active and stable in the presence of commercial detergents and organic solvents. This cold-adapted esterase has potential as a biocatalyst and detergent additive for use at low temperatures.
( Chien Hui Wu ),( Wei Chen Chien ),( Han Kai Chou ),( Jung Woo Yang ),( Hong Ting Victor Lin ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.9
One-step sulfuric acid saccharification of the red alga Pterocladiella capillacea was optimized, and various detoxification methods (neutralization, overliming, and electrodialysis) of the acid hydrolysate were evaluated for fermentation with the thermotolerant yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus. A proximate composition analysis indicated that P. capillacea was rich in carbohydrates. A significant galactose recovery of 81.1 ± 5% was also achieved under the conditions of a 12% (w/v) biomass load, 5% (v/v) sulfuric acid, 121°C, and hydrolysis for 30 min. Among the various detoxification methods, electrodialysis was identified as the most suitable for fermentable sugar recovery and organic acid removal (100% reduction of formic and levulinic acids), even though it failed to reduce the amount of the inhibitor 5-HMF. As a result, K. marxianus fermentation with the electrodialyzed acid hydrolysate of P. capillacea resulted in the best ethanol levels and fermentation efficiency.
Wei-Che Hsieh,Yu-Nong Lin,Ting-Chien Lin,Chun-Hung Hans Lin 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
Fucosyltransferases (FucTs) usually catalyze the final step of glycosylation and are critical to many biological processes. High levels of specific FucT activities are often associated with various cancers. Here we report the development of a chemoenzymatic method for synthesizing a library of GDP-L-fucose derivatives, followed by in situ screening for inhibitory activity against bacterial and human -1,3-FucTs (4). Several compounds incorporating appropriate hydrophobic moieties were identified from the initial screening. These were individually synthesized, purified and characterized in detail for their inhibition kinetics. Compound 5 had a Ki of 29 nM for human FucT-VI, and is 269 and 11 times more selective than for Helicobacter pylori FucT (Ki = 7.8 □ M) and for human FucT-V (Ki = 0.31 □ M).
An Empirical Investigation on Customer Dissatisfaction toward using Mobile Applications
Chien-Ta Ho,Chung-Lun Wei,Kai-Ting Lin 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.8 No.4
As technology advances, mobile phones have changed significantly with devices and operating systems becoming more sophisticated. Mobile Applications (Apps) have been increasingly popular in the recent years and are changing the people’s daily lives in leisure and businesses. The Booming industry of Apps makes great profit and the awareness to prevent customers or users from feeling dissatisfied is, accordingly, an important issue. Customer dissatisfaction may cause switching behavior, decreasing loyalty, and negative word-of-mouth among customers which may be the potential problem of business losses. Scarce researches have been done in discussing the effects of dissatisfaction among mobile products especially in applications issues. The purpose of this research is to propose a conceptual model and make an empirical investigation about the elements influencing customer dissatisfaction on using mobile applications. The sample consists of 200 respondents by using online questionnaires to collect data. The analysis employing structural equation modeling (SEM) shows that functionality, perceived usefulness and content have significant impacts on customer dissatisfaction. Implications for managerial perception and future research are discussed.