A Case Study of Risk Assessment of Ozone Impact on Forest Tree Species in Japan

Watanabe, Makoto,Yamaguchi, Masahiro,Matsumura, Hideyuki,Kohno, Yoshihisa,Koike, Takayoshi,Izuta, Takeshi Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 2011 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.5 No.4

Ozone ($O_3$) is a main component of photochemical oxidants and a phytotoxic air pollutant. Although the current levels of tropospheric $O_3$ in East Asia could adversely affect productivity of forest tree species, risk assessments of $O_3$ impact were limited. In this paper, we summarize the methodology of risk assessment of $O_3$ on forest tree species based on our two previous studies, risk assessments of $O_3$ impact on the growth of Fagus crenata by Watanabe et al. (2012) and on the annual carbon absorption of three representative conifers, Cryptomeria japonica, Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi by Watanabe et al. (2010). $O_3$ sensitivity of each tree species obtained from an experimental study, $O_3$ exposure and atmospheric N deposition based on field monitoring and vegetation survey were integrated by geographic information system method. Based on the results, we conclude that the area with high risk of $O_3$ impact does not necessarily correspond to the area with high $O_3$ exposure. The varieties of tree habitat, tree sensitivity to $O_3$ and annual carbon absorption among the tree species, and N deposition-induced change in the $O_3$ sensitivity of F. crenata are raised as the factors of discordance between areas with high risk and those with high $O_3$ exposure. In the last part of this paper, we discuss the present uncertainty and perspectives of risk assessment for the future studies on the impact of $O_3$ on forest tree species in East Asia.

A Case Study of Risk Assessment of Ozone Impact on Forest Tree Species in Japan

Makoto Watanabe,Masahiro Yamaguchi,Hideyuki Matsumura,Yoshihisa Kohno,Takayoshi Koike,Takeshi Izuta 한국대기환경학회 2011 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.5 No.4

Ozone (O_3) is a main component of photochemical oxidants and a phytotoxic air pollutant. Although the current levels of tropospheric O_3 in East Asia could adversely affect productivity of forest tree species,risk assessments of O_3 impact were limited. In this paper, we summarize the methodology of risk assessment of O_3 on forest tree species based on our two previous studies, risk assessments of O_3 impact on the growth of Fagus crenata by Watanabe et al. (2012) and on the annual carbon absorption of three representative conifers, Cryptomeria japonica, Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi by Watanabe et al. (2010). O_3 sensitivity of each tree species obtained from an experimental study, O_3 exposure and atmospheric N deposition based on field monitoring and vegetation survey were integrated by geographic information system method. Based on the results, we conclude that the area with high risk of O_3 impact does not necessarily correspond to the area with high O_3 exposure. The varieties of tree habitat, tree sensitivity to O_3 and annual carbon absorption among the tree species, and N deposition-induced change in the O_3 sensitivity of F. crenata are raised as the factors of discordance between areas with high risk and those with high O_3 exposure. In the last part of this paper, we discuss the present uncertainty and perspectives of risk assessment for the future studies on the impact of O_3 on forest tree species in East Asia.

A study of the standards of beauty and hair culture in East Asia : A historical analysis of wigs in the Joseon dynasty

Watanabe Maria 한중인문학회 2014 한중인문학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Measurement and Correlation of Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for Binary and Ternary Systems Containing Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE), Methanol and Alkanes

Watanabe, Toru,Honda, Katsumi,Arai, Yasuhiko 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.20 No.5

Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) of four binary systems--methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE)+methanol. MTBE+heptane, MTBE+octane and MTBE+i-octane--were measured at atmospheric pressure by using Othmer-type circulation method. The VLE of ternary system. MTBE+methanol+heptane, were also measured at atmospheric pressure. These VLE data were predicted by ASOG and correlated by Wilson equation, and the prediction and correlation performances were discussed.

The review of IFMFC (International Forum on Magnetic Force Control) -The accumulated knowledge and experience of the magnetic force control with IFMFC

Watanabe, Tsuneo The Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity a 2018 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.20 No.2

The practical use of superconducting magnets is limited to medical equipment, energy equipment and the like. Therefore, it does not fully utilize the superior features of superconducting magnet or magnetic force. In order to overcome this blockage condition, The international Forum on Magnetic Force Control (IFMFC) was launched in Tokyo in 2010 by the magnetic separation researchers in Japan, Korea and China. The policy is to hold around the country every year, to apply the application to the engineering field of magnetic force utilization and information exchange about the development of applied science to mutual visit of researchers and to develop the application field of superconducting magnets in particular. The main object is to review the field of application of magnetic force with respect to published papers at 8 IFMFCs, and to introduce the trend of research forum utilizing strong magnetic force which is rare in the world. The United Nations is asking each country to achieve Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) targets for 2030. This IFMFC review will be utilized in this field.

Viscoelastic and Dielectric Relaxation of Reptating Type-A Chains Affected by Reversible Head-to-Head Association and Dissociation

Watanabe, Hiroshi,Matsumiya, Yumi,Kwon, Youngdon American Chemical Society 2018 Macromolecules Vol.51 No.16

<P>For entangled linear polymer having type A dipoles and undergoing head-to-head association and dissociation reaction, viscoelastic and dielectric behavior is theoretically analyzed on the basis of the reptation dynamics combined with the reaction kinetics. Specifically, for the dissociated unimer and associated dimer (indexed with <I>j</I> = 1 and 2, respectively), the normalized complex modulus <I>g</I><SUB><I>j</I></SUB>*(ω) and the normalized complex dielectric permittivity ε̃<SUB><I>j</I></SUB>*(ω) are analytically calculated via eigenfunction expansion of the orientational anisotropy and orientational memory defined in terms of the bond vectors <B>u</B> of entanglement segments. The reaction activates mutual conformational transfer between the unimer and dimer. Multiple coupling occurs for the anisotropy decay modes of the unimer and dimer due to this transfer, and the viscoelastic <I>g</I><SUB>1</SUB>* and <I>g</I><SUB>2</SUB>* of the unimer and dimer, respectively, exhibit considerably retarded and accelerated relaxation compared to the pure reptation case. In contrast, the memory decay modes of the unimer and dimer are only pairwisely coupled, so that the reaction-induced acceleration and retardation for the dielectric ε̃<SUB>1</SUB>* and ε̃<SUB>2</SUB>* are much weaker than those seen for the viscoelastic <I>g</I><SUB>1</SUB>* and <I>g</I><SUB>2</SUB>*. The orientational anisotropy is the tensorial, second-moment average of <B>u</B> associated with no cancellation in the conformational transfer, whereas the orientational memory is the vectorial, first-moment average accompanied by partial cancellation, which results in the difference between <I>g</I><SUB><I>j</I></SUB>* and ε̃<SUB><I>j</I></SUB>*. This difference between <I>g</I><SUB><I>j</I></SUB>* and ε̃<SUB><I>j</I></SUB>* is noted also for the associating/dissociating Rouse chains. Nevertheless, the reaction-induced retardation of the viscoelastic relaxation is stronger for the reptating unimer than for the Rouse unimer, whereas the reaction-induced acceleration is similar, in magnitude, for the reptating dimer and Rouse dimer. These features of <I>g</I><SUB><I>j</I></SUB>* of the unimer and dimer are discussed in relation to the motional coherence along the chain backbone being present and absent in the reptation and Rouse dynamics.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Hybrid Municipal Wastewater Treatment System With Pre-Coagulation/Sedimentation

Watanabe, Yoshimasa,Itonaga, Takanori 한국공업화학회 2004 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.10 No.1

Since the major part of the contaminants in municipal wastewater is associated with particles, direct particles separation is an effective way of lowering the wastewater contaminants. This paper deals with the performance of the hybrid municipal wastewater treatment system consisting of pre-coagulation/sedimentation and post-biological oxidation process. Rotating biological contactor and membrane bio reactor are used as biological oxidation process.

Dark aerobic methane emission associated to leaf factors of two Acacia and five Eucalyptus species

Watanabe, M.,Watanabe, Y.,Kim, Y.S.,Koike, T. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2012 Atmospheric environment Vol.54 No.-

We sought the biological factors determining variations in the methane emission rates from leaves of different plant species under aerobic conditions. Accordingly, we studied relations between the methane emission rate and leaf traits of two Acacia and five Eucalyptus species. We grew seedlings of each species in a glasshouse and measured the methane emission rate of the detached leaves under dark conditions at 30 <SUP>o</SUP>C. At the same time we measured the leaf mass per area (LMA), water content, and concentrations of carbon and nitrogen. There was no correlation between the leaf nitrogen concentration and the methane emission rate. This is consistent with previous findings that enzymatic processes do not influence methane emission. We found a significant negative correlation between LMA and the methane emission rate. Our results suggest that leaf structure is primarily responsible for differences in the rates of aerobic methane emission from leaves of different species.

The Prolongation of Tooth Life

WATANABE, Tatsuo 대한구강보건학회 1994 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.18 No.3

Association Between Mobilization Level And Activity of Daily Living Independence in Critically Ill Patients

Watanabe Shinichi,Liu Keibun,Kozu Ryo,Yasumura Daisetsu,Yamauchi Kota,Katsukawa Hajime,Suzuki Keisuke,Koike Takayasu,Morita Yasunari 대한재활의학회 2023 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.47 No.6

Objective: To examine the association between the mobilization level during intensive care unit (ICU) admission and independence in activity of daily living (ADL), defined as Barthel Index (BI)≥70. Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of the EMPICS study involving nine hospitals. Consecutive patients who spend >48 hours in the ICU were eligible for inclusion. Mobilization was performed at each hospital according to the shared protocol and the highest ICU mobility score (IMS) during the ICU stay, baseline characteristics, and BI at hospital discharge. Multiple logistic regression analysis, adjusted for baseline characteristics, was used to deter-mine the association between the highest IMS (using the receiver operating characteristic [ROC]) and ADL. Results: Of the 203 patients, 143 were assigned to the ADL independence group and 60 to the ADL dependence group. The highest IMS score was significantly higher in the ADL independence group than in the dependence group and was a predictor of ADL independence at hospital discharge (odds ratio, 1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.38; adjusted p=0.002). The ROC cutoff value for the highest IMS was 6 (specificity, 0.67; sensitivity, 0.70; area under the curve, 0.69). Conclusion: These results indicate that, in patients who were in the ICU for more than 48 hours, that patients with good function in the ICU also exhibit good function upon discharge. However, prospective, multicenter trials are needed to confirm this conclusion.