Decision Making For Vertical Handoff In Heterogeneous Wireless System

V.Sivasankaran,V.Nagarajan,R.Senthil 대한전자공학회 2015 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2015 No.6

In upcoming world the communication among heterogeneous wireless networks is a challenging task. Since the access technologies of various networks are different and while interoperable operations, some technical issues may occur. Handoff is an important method can provide solution for making interoperability among heterogeneous networks. Handoff method is purely depends on the attributes of the network such as bandwidth, delay, signal quality, reliability, and energy, access cost and so on. Handoff decision can be obtained by investigating the attribute values and various MADM methods such as SAW, MEW, TOPSIS and GRA are proposed already. In this paper EMADM - [Extended Multiple Attribute Decision Making] approach is proposed to choose the optimized attribute values for decision making using AIS-[Artificial Immune System]. Performance is evaluated by analyzing and comparing the obtained performance metrics with the existing approaches.

Effect of Geometrical Parameters on Optimal Design of Synchronous Reluctance Motor

V. S. Nagarajan,V. Kamaraji,M. Balaji,R. Arumugam,N. Ganesh,R. Rahul,M. Lohit 한국자기학회 2016 Journal of Magnetics Vol.21 No.4

Torque ripple minimization without decrease in average torque is a vital attribute in the design of Synchronous Reluctance (SynRel) motor. As the design of SynRel motor is an arduous task, which encompasses many design variables, this work first analyses the significance of the effect of varying the geometrical parameters on average torque and torque ripple and then proposes an extensive optimization procedure to obtain configurations with improved average torque and minimized torque ripple. A hardware prototype is fabricated and tested. The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software tool used for validating the test results is MagNet 7.6.0.8. Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) is used to determine the various designs meeting the requirements of reduced torque ripple and improved torque performance. The results indicate the efficacy of the proposed methodology and substantiate the utilization of MOPSO as a significant tool for solving design problems related to SynRel motor.

Development of Au@NiO decorated polypyrrole composite for non-Enzymatic electrochemical sensing of cholesterol

A. Nagarajan,V. Sethuraman,T.M. Sridhar,R. Sasikumar 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.120 No.-

In this study, glassy carbon electrode modified by Au@NiO decorated polypyrrole nanocomposite(Au@NiO/PPy-GCE) was fabricated for sensing of cholesterol by non-enzymatic electrochemical method. The composite was characterized by XRD, XPS and morphological studies were examined using FE-SEMand TEM. The redox properties of cholesterol were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. When differentialpulse voltammetry was employed to sense cholesterol, it exhibited a linear range from 1.0 10-5 to1.0 10-4 M, with the sensitivity 7.6 lA lM1 cm2 and detection limit 5.8 x10-7 M. Hence, this compositehas excellent practical applications towards the fabrication of commercial sensors.

UPQC‑based effective mitigation of harmonics by signal processing approach

Ananthan Nagarajan,M. V. Suganyadevi 전력전자학회 2022 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.22 No.3

This paper introduces a solution for solving the harmonics problem in power distribution systems. The unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) is a combination of shunt and series converters linked by a common capacitor. Controlling the link voltage and generating the reference current are the two main objectives of this work. An adaptive PI controller is employed for regulating the link voltage. For reference current generation, the DDSRF (decoupled double synchronous reference frame) theory is employed, which assists in eliminating the harmonics that occur in the system. By the DDSRF theory, a THD of around 3.3% is accomplished, and to further minimize the harmonics, a signal processing approach is implemented. Pre-processing, segmentation and feature extraction are the three major steps used in this paper to accurately extract the reference current. Finally, the obtained test data is classified with the trained data by the DCNN (deep convolutional neural network). Thus, the reference current is extracted clearly by this technique, and the THD is minimized to 0.98%. This work is implemented in MATLAB, and the results are verified through hardware implementation.

Match Field based Algorithm Selection Approach in Hybrid SDN and PCE Based Optical Networks

( P. Selvaraj ),( V. Nagarajan ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.12

The evolving internet-based services demand high-speed data transmission in conjunction with scalability. The next generation optical network has to exploit artificial intelligence and cognitive techniques to cope with the emerging requirements. This work proposes a novel way to solve the dynamic provisioning problem in optical network. The provisioning in optical network involves the computation of routes and the reservation of wavelenghs (Routing and Wavelength assignment -RWA). This is an extensively studied multi-objective optimization problem and its complexity is known to be NP-Complete. As the exact algorithms incurs more running time, the heuristic based approaches have been widely preferred to solve this problem. Recently the software-defined networking has impacted the way the optical pipes are configured and monitored. This work proposes the dynamic selection of path computation algorithms in response to the changing service requirements and network scenarios. A software-defined controller mechanism with a novel packet matching feature was proposed to dynamically match the traffic demands with the appropriate algorithm. A software-defined controller with Path Computation Element-PCE was created in the ONOS tool. A simulation study was performed with the case study of dynamic path establishment in ONOS-Open Network Operating System based software defined controller environment. A java based NOX controller was configured with a parent path computation element. The child path computation elements were configured with different path computation algorithms under the control of the parent path computation element. The use case of dynamic bulk path creation was considered. The algorithm selection method is compared with the existing single algorithm based method and the results are analyzed.

Secure Data Transmission using Content Fingerprinting Digital Watermarking Techniques

R.Gayathri,V.Nagarajan 대한전자공학회 2015 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2015 No.6

In order to hinder the unauthorized redistribution of digital data, digital watermarking has increasingly applied to conceal information in digital multimedia data, thus enlisting the watermarking technology in the difficult fight against intellectual property rights infringement. Brought up by the crucial issue of copyright, digital watermarking plays a key role in protecting integrity and providing authorization for multimedia. Fingerprinting is a means to trace the illegally redistributed intellectual property (IP) by creating a unique IP instance with a different signature for each user. Existing fingerprinting techniques focus on lowering the design effort to create a large number of different IP instances without paying much attention on the ease of fingerprint detection upon IP integration. A new framework that enhances the Mobile commerce by the use of content fingerprinting and digital watermarking techniques provides security and privacy to the content owner. The content fingerprinting technique is based on active content fingerprinting in which fingerprint can be hided into image using reversible watermarking of haar transform for secure transmission. The performance of this system can be examined based on peak signal to noise ratio and mean square error and it can be compared with existing methods. Thus digital watermarking technology can be introduced into the field of mobile commerce to provide high level of security for online transactions.

Nanodiamond enhanced mechanical and biological properties of extrudable gelatin hydrogel cross-linked with tannic acid and ferrous sulphate

아미타바 바타차리아,V. N. Karthikai Priya,Ji-hyeon Kim,Mst Rita Khatun,R. Nagarajan,노인섭 한국생체재료학회 2022 생체재료학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Background: The requirements for cell-encapsulated injectable and bioprintable hydrogels are extrusion ability, cell supportive micro-environment and reasonable post-printing stability for the acclimatization of the cells in the target site. Detonation nanodiamond (ND) has shown its potential to improve the mechanical and biological properties of such hydrogels. Enhancing the performance properties of natural biopolymer gelatin-based hydrogels can widen their biomedical application possibilities to various areas including drug delivery, tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting. Method: In this study, natural cross-linker tannic acid (TA) is used along with ferrous sulphate (FS) to optimize the swelling and disintegration of extrudable and 3D printable gelatin hydrogels. The amounts of TA and FS are restricted to improve the extrusion ability of the gels in 3D printing. Further, ND particles (detonation type) are dispersed using twin screw extrusion technology to study their effect on mechanical and biological properties of the 3D printing hydrogel. Results: The improved dispersion of ND particles helps to improve compressive strength almost ten times and dynamic modulus three times using 40 mg ND (2% w/w of gelatin). The surface-functional groups of detonation ND also contributed for such improvement in mechanical properties due to higher interaction with the hydrogel matrix. The stability of the hydrogels in water was also improved to 7 days. Four times improvement of the cell growth and proliferation was observed in ND based hydrogel. Conclusion: The cell-supportive nature of these moderately stable and extrudable ND dispersed gelatin hydrogels makes them a good candidate for short term regenerative applications of cell-encapsulated injectable hydrogels with better mechanical properties.

A SECURED DATA TRANSMISSION USING DIGITAL IMAGE WATERMARKING SCHEME

B.Hemamalini,V. Nagarajan 대한전자공학회 2015 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2015 No.6

Due to the development of high speed internet and multimedia technology digital documents can be distributed through World Wide Web to large number of people. It brings severe problem, so that protection of multimedia information must require. In the digital world, images are available in a variety of formats. They are easy to copy and resell. Usually media data is handled in compressed and encrypted form and it is an essential to watermark this form of data for security purpose. This technique is used to survive attacks from potentialhackers and also providing information about the original owner. In existing system, sometimes senderinsert watermark by using the reformation of bits. So, the image quality is decreased as well as if some changes in the bits at the time of compression and also encryption process, there is large variance in the image quality. To overcome this problem, in the proposed system the image is first compressed and then encrypted and finally it is watermarked to maintain a quality of image. Rational dither modulation is an efficient method of watermarking which providesrobustness against amplitude scaling attacks and minimizes Bit Error Rate. It is an alternative to Quantization Index Modulation.

Effect of fiber content on flexural properties of fishnet/GFRP hybrid composites

F. Michael Raj,V.A. Nagarajan,S. Sahaya Elsi,R.S. Jayaram 국제구조공학회 2016 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.22 No.1

In the present paper, glass fibers are substituted partially with monofilament fishnet and polyester matrix for making the composites. The composite specimens were prepared in accordance with ASTM for analyzing the flexural strength and dynamic mechanical properties. Furthermore, machinability revealed the interaction of glass fiber and partial substituted monofilament fishnet fiber with the matrix. Fiber pullouts on the fractured specimen during the physical testing of the composites are also investigated by COSLAB microscope. The results reveal that the fishnet based composites have appreciably higher flexural properties. Furthermore, the glass fiber, woven roving and fishnet composite has more storage modulus and significant mechanical damping. The composite specimens were fabricated by hand lay-up method. Hence, these composites are the possible applications to develop the value added products. The results of this study are presented.

A Novel Smart-Eye Based Sprinkler Water Irrigation Monitoring System

E.Deenadayalan,R.Senthil,V.Nagarajan 대한전자공학회 2015 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2015 No.6

Modern irrigation system uses sprinklers for effective irrigation. Generally all existing irrigations methods uses monitoring and controlling purpose using sensors and its associated signal conditioning circuits. That is all existing sensors are physically fit in-side or outside the sprinkler. It is difficult to fit at wet area, requires more number of sensors and also it creates maintenance problem. The approximate velocity of water discharged via sprinkler is not monitored yet by any sensor. In existing system there is no mechanism installed to monitor whether it reaches its wet boundary or not. This proposed system monitors the sprinkler velocity approximately by capturing its image frame by frame using camera. Then it is analysed with software algorithm. Proposed system compares sprinkler actual velocity with set velocity and find out the low velocity sprinkler. Further this system monitors automatic irrigation by measuring the wet region and dry region. The advantages are, area to be irrigated never be over irrigated, Guaranteed that all areas are uniformly irrigated and uses predetermined amount of water. The system shows robust performance during day and night. It is sensitive, requiring a minimum of a few pixels per sprinkler, thus effectively covering large areas.