백삼의 건조와 가용성 성분 추출에 미치는 pulsed electric fields(PEF)의 효과

임정호(Jeong Ho Lim),심재민(Jae Min Shim),이동언(Dong Un Lee1),김영호(Young Ho Kim),박기재(Kee-Jai Park) 한국식품과학회 2012 한국식품과학회지 Vol.44 No.6

식품의 가공공정에서 투입되는 에너지의 절감을 위한 방안으로 대표적이 농산물 건조제품인 인삼의 건조과정에서 PEF를 처리함으로써 건조효율에 미치는 영향과 PEF를 처리하여 건조한 인삼인 백삼의 열수 추출과정에서의 추출효율에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 4년근 수삼을 2 kV/cm, 200 Hz, 7초의 조건으로 PEF를 처리하여 55±1℃에서 건조한 결과 건조시간을 약 38% 단축시킬 수 있는 결과를 얻었다. 건조한 백삼을 95±1℃로 추출한 결과 무처리에 비해 2 kV/cm, 25 Hz, 7초간 PEF 처리한 건조 백삼, 2 kV/cm, 200 Hz, 7초간 PEF 처리하여 건조한 백삼의 열수 추출물의 고형분 함량, 환원당 함량, 유리당 함량 등에서는 유의적인 차이를 나타내었으나 당도와 진세노사이드 함량에서는 부분적인 유의적 차이만을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 감안할 때 수삼에 PEF를 처리함으로써 건조시간을 효과적으로 단축시킬 수 있고 추출시에도 가용성 고형분의 추출시간을 단축할 수 있는 유용한 수단이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study was designed to investigate the effect of pulsed electric fields on the drying of ginseng and extraction of dried ginseng to reduce energy-consumption. Fresh ginseng was treated in a PEF system of 1 and 2 kV/cm electric field strength, 25 and 200 Hz of frequency, 30 μs of pulse width and pulse number of 175. The samples were subsequently dried for 26 h at 55±1℃, and the characteristic of hot-water extraction on dried ginseng was investigated. The ginseng pretreated with an intensity of 2 kV/cm (200 Hz, n=175) resulted in a reduction of approximately 38% for drying time. The influence of PEF treatment on the water extraction of dried ginseng at 95±1℃ was also investigated. The application of an electric field intensity of 2 kV/cm (25 and 200 Hz, n=175) increased soluble solid content, significantly reducing sugar content and free sugar content of the extract compared to non-PEF-treated samples.

혈청 및 뇨 amylase 측정치의 임상적 검토

이기환,구광호,이상용,이규용,유언호,김종숙 ( Ki Whan Lee,Kwang Hoo Koo,Sang Yong Lee,Kyu Yong Lee,Un Ho Ryoo,Chong Sook Kim ) 대한소화기학회 1974 대한소화기학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The measurements of sium amylase and urine amylase for 2-1 and 2 hrs were caried ou normal perso,-s, 118 pat;:enls vith disardei s in the upp r alimentary tract, 184 patie.,ts v, ith h;le- cystopathy and 26 patients ivith acute pancreatitis. The follosving rc.su1ts were drawn: In the normal prsons, the average determination of serum amylas was 5-l. I L 21, 9. Units ' 100 m]. It shov;ed no difference by sex and age. 2 The frequezcy manifesting raise of serum amylase (the value higher than mean+2S.I),,, v,as 5 ] y in the patients with the upper G.I. Disorders, an<l 6, l,jj in the patients of chiIccys'.:>p.ithy v, ith normal features in cholecys.ograms. It, however, showed 2S. 7, of frequeny appeaiing nis:.. of serv,m an.ylase in the patients of cholecystopathy with abnorrnalities in roentgenographic exa!ii- ;iations indicating a mean value of 86. 4 31. 67 units,'l0(l ml. 3, The determination of s rum amylase in the pat,ents of acute pancreatitis was 12a. ] un!ts,'100 ml on the initial day, and it showed ahrupt diminution thereafter. 4. Each dete:mination of urine amylase for 24 and 2 hnurs was 1394. 3 .867. 43 and 15 4 -(j;, Hi units in the normal pers1ns, but there was no significant shift in the group of the uppr:.;- G,I disorders, and a little raise in the group of cholecystopathy. In the group of acute panc:eatili:., ii showed marked rais of urine amylas, ,6562, 9---4526, 3<J units for 24 hours on the se ond cia o!' ailment), revealins: subs quent gradual cle rease, (30i;>. 9 l 1927. 92 units on the sexth day',. It must b emphasized that in picture of urine amylase should be a great help for c!iagnos!.ng tli. Conditions.

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1: Potential Inflammatory Marker in Late-life Depression

Seung-Hoon Lee(Seung-Hoon Lee),Cheolmin Shin(Cheolmin Shin),Young-Hoon Ko(Young-Hoon Ko),Moon-Soo Lee(Moon-Soo Lee),Moon Ho Park(Moon Ho Park),Chi-Un Pae(Chi-Un Pae),Ho-Kyoung Yoon(Ho-Kyoung Yoon),Cha 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.1

Objective: Although several previous studies have examined the association between late-life depression and blood adipokine levels, a marker of chronic inflammation, no studies have comprehensively considered the effects of metabolic syndrome, which is known to affect blood adipokine levels. This study examined blood adipokine levels in geriatric depression after adjusting for the effects of metabolic syndrome. Methods: Participants were selected from the Ansan Geriatric Study (depression group [n = 76] and control group [n = 76]). Blood concentrations of four adipokines (adiponectin, resistin, neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL], and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [PAI-1]) were measured using immunoassays. The effects of blood adipokine concentration on the diagnosis of depression were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to adjust for the effects of metabolic syndrome and potential confounding factors. Results: When the effects of metabolic syndrome and potential confounding factors were adjusted, only PAI-1 could explain the diagnosis of depression among all the adipokines. The depression group showed a lower blood PAI-1 level than the control group. Adiponectin, resistin, and NGAL could not explain the diagnosis of depression when the effects of metabolic syndrome and potential confounding factors were adjusted. Conclusion: This study suggests the possibility that the blood PAI-1 levels in clinically pathological late-life depression may show contrasting results to those with subclinical depressive symptoms. Additionally, considering that most previous studies have been conducted with pre-geriatric populations, the study suggests the possibility that geriatric depression may show inflammatory changes with patterns that are different from those of depression in the pre-geriatric population.

Trends in the incidence of benign pathological lesions at partial nephrectomy for presumed renal cell carcinoma in renal masses on preoperative computed tomography imaging: A single institute experience with 290 consecutive patients

Lee, Seung Hwan,Park, Sang Un,Rha, Koon Ho,Choi, Young Deuk,Hong, Sung Joon,Yang, Seung Choul,Mah, Sang Yol,Chung, Byung Ha Blackwell Publishing Asia 2010 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY Vol.17 No.6

<P><B>Objective: </B> The aim of this study was to determine trends in the incidence of benign lesions in patients undergoing surgery for suspicious renal masses on preoperative computed tomography scan.</P><P><B>Methods: </B> The records of 1065 patients who underwent open consecutive partial nephrectomy (PN) or radical nephrectomy (RN) between January 2001 and December 2008 were reviewed. Patients who underwent PN during the periods 2001–2002, 2003–2004, 2005–2006, and 2007–2008 were assigned to groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The frequencies of benign and malignant lesions in these groups were assessed according to size and histology subtypes.</P><P><B>Results: </B> The ratio of PN to RN was 12.4%, 18.3%, 24.3% and 37.2% in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively (<I>P</I> < 0.05). The mean size of resected lesions was 2.6 cm (range 0.8–6.2 cm). Of the 290 cases, histopathology revealed benign findings in 52 (17.9%). Benign pathology was found in three of 18 cases (16.7%) in group 1, seven of 36 cases (19.4%) in group 2, 12 of 63 cases (19.0%) in group 3 and 30 of 173 cases (17.3%) in group 4. There was no significant difference in the frequency of benign histology among groups.</P><P><B>Conclusion: </B> PN, as opposed to RN, has shown a rising tendency over time. The frequency of benign pathology findings after PN for suspicious renal masses on preoperative computed tomography imaging has not decreased. Proper management should favor nephron‐sparing surgery for renal lesions if such lesions can be removed satisfactorily with PN.</P>

Inactivation of Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Lactobacillus brevis in Low-fat Milk by Pulsed Electric Field Treatment: A Pilot-scale Study

Lee, Gun Joon,Han, Bok Kung,Choi, Hyuk Joon,Kang, Shin Ho,Baick, Seung Chun,Lee, Dong-Un Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.6

We investigated the effects of a pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment on microbial inactivation and the physical properties of low-fat milk. Milk inoculated with Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or Lactobacillus brevis was supplied to a pilot-scale PEF treatment system at a flow rate of 30 L/h. Pulses with an electric field strength of 10 kV/cm and a pulse width of 30 µs were applied to the milk with total pulse energies of 50-250 kJ/L achieved by varying the pulse frequency. The inactivation curves of the test microorganisms were biphasic with an initial lag phase (or shoulder) followed by a phase of rapid inactivation. PEF treatments with a total pulse energy of 200 kJ/L resulted in a 4.5-log reduction in E. coli, a 4.4-log reduction in L. brevis, and a 6.0-log reduction in S. cerevisiae. Total pulse energies of 200 and 250 kJ/L resulted in greater than 5-log reductions in microbial counts in stored PEF-treated milk, and the growth of surviving microorganisms was slow during storage for 15 d at 4℃. PEF treatment did not change milk physical properties such as pH, color, or particle-size distribution (p<0.05). These results indicate that a relatively low electric-field strength of 10 kV/cm can be used to pasteurize low-fat milk.

A Nonchlorinated Solvent-Processable Fluorinated Planar Conjugated Polymer for Flexible Field-Effect Transistors

Lee, Myeongjae,Kim, Min Je,Ro, Suhee,Choi, Shinyoung,Jin, Seon-Mi,Nguyen, Hieu Dinh,Yang, Jeehye,Lee, Kyung-Koo,Lim, Dong Un,Lee, Eunji,Kang, Moon Sung,Choi, Jong-Ho,Cho, Jeong Ho,Kim, BongSoo American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.34

<P>High carrier mobilities have recently been achieved in polymer field effect transistors (FETs). However, many of these polymer FET devices require the use of chlorinated solvents such as chloroform (CF), chlorobenzene (CB), and odichlorobenzene (DCB) during fabrication. The use of these solvents is highly restricted in industry because of health and environmental issues. Here, we report the synthesis of a low band gap (1.43 eV, 870 nm) semiconducting polymer (PDPP2DT-F2T2) having a planar geometry, which can be readily processable with nonchlorinated solvents such as toluene (TOL), o-xylene (XY), and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (TMB). We performed structural characterization of PDPP2DT-F2T2 films prepared from different solvents, and the electrical properties of the films were measured in the context of FETs. The devices exhibited an ambipolar behavior with hole dominant transport. Hole mobilities increased with increasing boiling point (bp) of the nonchloririated solvents: 0.03, 0.05, and 0.10 cm(2) V-1 s' for devices processed using TOL, XY, and TMB, respectively. Thermal annealing further improved the FET performance. TMB-based polymer FETs annealed at 200 degrees C yielded a maximum hole mobility of 1.28 cm(2) s(-1), which is far higher than the 0.43 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) obtained from the CF-based device. This enhancement was attributed to increased interchain interactions as well as improved long-range interconnection between fibrous domains. Moreover, all of the nonchlorinated solutions generated purely edge-on orientations of the polymer chains, which is highly beneficial for carrier transport in FET devices. Furthermore, we fabricated an array of flexible TMBprocessed PDPP2DT-F2T2 FETs on the plastic PEN substrates. These devices demonstrated excellent carrier mobilities and negligible degradation after 300 bending cycles. Overall, we demonstrated that the organized assembly of polymer chains can be achieved by slow drying using high bp nonchlorinated solvents and a post thermal treatment. Furthermore, we showed that polymer FETs processed using high bp nonhalogenated solvents may outperform those processed using halogenated solvents.</P>

Effects of Ambroxol, S-carboxymethylcysteine, Dextromethorphan and Noscapine on Mucin Release from Airway Goblet Cells

Ho Jin Heo,Hyun Jae Lee,Chi Soon Yoon,Seung Pyong Lim,Jeong Ho Seok,Un Kyo Seo,Choong Jae Lee 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2005 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.9 No.6

In the present study, we investigated whether ambroxol, S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine, dextromethorphan and noscapine affect mucin release from airway goblet cells. Confluent primary hamster tracheal surface epithelial cells were metabolically radiolabeled and chased for 30 min in the presence of varying concentrations of the above agents to assess the effects on <SUP>3</SUP>H-mucin release. Noscapine stimulated mucin release during 30 min of treatment period in a dose-dependent manner. However, ambroxol, S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine and dextromethorphan showed no significant effect on mucin release during 30 min of treatment period. We conclude that noscapine can affect mucin release by acting on airway mucin-secreting cells.

A Case of Localized Cutaneous Bee Pollen Allergy Showing an Unusual Histopathologic Finding of Subcorneal Eosinophilic Microabscess

( Ho Young Kim ),( Joong Ho Kim ),( Jae Ho Lee ),( Soo Kyung Lee ),( Myoung Shin Kim ),( Un Ha Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2020 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.58 No.9

Bee pollen is a mixture made by worker bees and consists of pollen, nectar, and salivary secretions. Due to its abundant nutritional and medicinal effects, people are consuming bee pollen increasingly these days. By the way, some of the elements of bee pollen, such as pollen and fungus, can cause allergic reactions. Anaphylaxis is the most common symptom and other symptoms such as bronchospasm, abdominal pain and urticaria can occur. But localized cutaneous bee pollen allergy has never been reported. A 29-year-old man presented with erythematous vesicular patches on the lower abdomen 3 months ago. The skin biopsy specimen showed a subcorneal pustule filled with eosinophilic microabscess, perivascular eosinophilic infiltration, and epidermal spongiosis. He was diagnosed with skin allergy caused by bee pollen. He stopped ingesting bee pollen and was treated with oral antihistamines and a topical steroid. We report this case because of its unique clinical and histological appearance. (Korean J Dermatol 2020;58(9):628∼630)

Effects of aroclor 1254 on the expression of the KAP3 gene and reproductive function in rats

Lee, Chae Kwan,Kang, Han Seung,Kim, Ju Ran,Lee, Byung Ju,Lee, Jong Tae,Kim, Jeong Ho,Kim, Dae Hwan,Lee, Chang Hee,Ahn, Jin Hong,Lee, Chae Un,Yu, Seong Jin,Kang, Sung Goo CSIRO Publishing 2007 Reproduction, fertility, and development Vol.19 No.4

<P> The present study investigated the effects of aroclor 1254 (A1254) on the expression of the kinesin superfamily associated protein 3 (KAP3) gene in F1 rat brain during brain sexual differentiation and puberty. In addition, the effects of A1254 on reproductive function were examined. The KAP3 gene is involved in the neurogenesis and synaptogenesis of sexual differentiation in rats and also during puberty. In the present study, pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats each received a daily dose of A1254 (0, 10, 50 mg kg-1) dissolved in 1.0 mL corn oil by gavage, from gestational Day (GD) 8 to postnatal Day (PD) 21. The mRNA levels of the KAP3 gene in hypothalamic tissues were analysed by northern blot hybridisation during the critical periods of brain sexual differentiation (GD18 and PD5) and puberty (PD28). Variables affecting reproduction in F1 female rats, such as vaginal opening (VO), vaginal oestrus (VE) and oestrous cyclicity, were recorded. Depending on the sex and A1254 exposure (control or 50 mg kg-1 day-1), F1 rats were divided into three mating groups, namely control male-control female, control male-A1254-treated female and A1254-treated male-control female. During the critical periods of brain sexual differentiation (GD18, PD5) and puberty (PD28), KAP3 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in A1254-treated fetal and pubertal rat brains relative to those of control groups. In A1254-treated F1 female rats, VO and VE were delayed, the percentage of irregular oestrous cycles was increased and the duration of the oestrous cycle was extended in a dose-dependent manner compared with control groups. Treatment with a high dose of A1254 significantly impaired the reproductive function of both male and female F1 rats, including mating and pregnancy indices and the number of live fetuses. These data suggest that A1254 disrupts transcriptional regulation of the KAP3 gene in fetal and pubertal rat brains and that these effects may be related to A1254-induced abnormal brain sexual differentiation and lowered reproductive function in F1 rats. </P>

A clinical study of the normal values and guideline for hair pull test in Koreans

( Ho Young Kim ),( Soo Kyung Lee ),( Myoung Shin Kim ),( Un Ha Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1

Background: The hair pull test is a quick and easy examination to monitor hair loss. It was recently studied in a large group consisting primarily of Caucasians. Considering the ethnic differences in hair and follicles characteristics, hair pull test results could differ in Asians, including Koreans. Objectives: To determine the normal hair pull test value in Koreans and which factors influenced the results. Methods: After the participants (n=102) completed a questionnaire, the experimenter performed the hair pull test on five parts of the scalp including the vertex, right parietal, left parietal, occipital, and frontal areas in two different methods. Results: The normal hair pull test value among the Koreans in this study was less than 1. The results were not affected by tugging (p=0.628) or site (p=0.934). No significant differences in results were observed regardless of time since the last washing (p=0.319) or brushing (p=0.851). However, participants over 50 years of age (p=0.035), those who washed their hair less than once daily (p=0.000), and those who never used a dryer (p=0.037) showed significantly increased values, with normal values of less than 2, while those who washed their hair before sleep showed significantly lower values (p=0.027). Conclusion: The normal hair pull test value in Koreans was less than 1, less than that in Caucasians. Age, number of washings per day, and the use of a dryer affected the results. Therefore, care must be taken when interpreting the results.