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Residual stresses in ceramic nanocomposites and their determination by Raman spectroscopy
Henryk Tomaszewski,Jan Strzeszewski 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2004 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.5 No.1
Residual stresses in ceramics, as for example arising from thermal expansion anisotropy, exert an important influence on the mechanical behaviour of polycrystalline materials. They can lead to crack initiation in the sense of microcracking but can also influence crack propagation by determining the evolution of the crack path and contribute to the effectiveness of crack bridging or by microcrack shielding. Various methods have been utilised to measure residual stresses. In this paper, a method based on the piezospectroscopic (PS) effect is discussed by application to Ce-ZrO2/Al2O3 nanocomposites having 0-90 vol. % of alumina. The compressive stress in Al2O3 was determined from the frequency shift of the R2 luminescence band using the well-known piezospectroscopic coefficient. The tensile stress in t-ZrO2 has been found in two ways. In the first one, it has been derived from the equilibrium of forces in a free-standing piece of two-phase material. The frequency shifts of each Raman band of t-ZrO2 have been plotted against the calculated stress and the slopes provided the PS coefficients. In the second method, external compressive stress introduced into composite samples by Vickers indentation was used for a new PS calibration due to a linear dependence observed between the t-ZrO2 Raman line shift for all Raman lines of zirconia and those of the Al2O3 R2-line luminescence. This way, having new PS coefficients a new value of stress in t-ZrO2 was calculated. Good correspondence of PS and stress in t-ZrO2 obtained from these two methods was found. As a result new indirect methods for determining PS coefficients of t-ZrO2 are suggested.
Katarzyna Jaglarz,Krzysztof A. Tomaszewski,Wojciech Kamzol,Mirosława Puskulluoglu,Krzysztof Krzemieniecki 대한부인종양학회 2014 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.25 No.2
Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire used to assess the level of general knowledge about cervical cancer, its primary and secondary prevention, and to identify sources of information about the disease among schoolgirls and female students. Methods: The questionnaire development process was divided into four phases: generation of issues; construction of a provisional questionnaire; testing of the provisional questionnaire for acceptability and relevance; field-testing, which aimed at ensuring reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Field-testing included 305 respondents of high school female Caucasian students, who filled out the final version of the questionnaire. Results: After phase 1, a list of 65 issues concerning knowledge about cervical cancer and its prevention was generated. Of 305, 155 were schoolgirls (mean age±SD, 17.8±0.5) and 150 were female students (mean age±SD, 21.7±1.8). The Cronbach alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire was 0.71 (range for specific questionnaire sections, 0.60 to 0.81). Test-retest reliability ranged from 0.89 to 0.94. Conclusion: The Cervical-Cancer-Knowledge-Prevention-64 has been successfully developed to measure the level of knowledge about cervical cancer. The results confirm the validity, reliability and applicability of the created questionnaire.
Clinical anatomy of the maxillary sinus: application to sinus floor augmentation
Joe Iwanaga,Joe Iwanaga,Charlotte Wilson,Stefan Lachkar,Krzysztof A. Tomaszewski,Jerzy A. Walocha,R. Shane Tubbs 대한해부학회 2019 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.52 No.1
The anatomy of the maxillary sinus, especially its vascular anatomy, and its relationships with the teeth and alveolar processes have been well documented. The development of cone-beam computed tomography has resulted in dentists being more familiar with maxillary sinus floor augmentation procedures. This paper aims to revisit the classic anatomy of the maxillary sinus and review the newly published literature in order to help dentists diagnose in more detail and perform safer surgery of the maxillary sinus.