Antitumorigenic and antiangiogenic efficacy of apatinib in liver cancer evaluated by multimodality molecular imaging

Jie Tian,Qian Liang,Lingxin Kong,Yang Du,Xu Zhu 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Sorafenib is the standard first-line treatment for advanced HCC, but its efficacy is limited. Apatinib is a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has shown promising antitumor effects in gastric and non-small cell lung cancers in clinical trials, but there have been only a few studies reporting its anti-HCC effects in vitro and in HCC xenograft models. Hence, our present study systemically investigated and compared the antitumorigenic and antiangiogenic efficacy of apatinib and sorafenib in HCC in vitro and in vivo using multimodality molecular imaging, including bioluminescence imaging (BLI), bioluminescence tomography (BLT), fluorescence molecular imaging (FMI), and computed tomography angiography (CTA). Moreover, the safety and side effects of the two drugs were systemically evaluated. We found that apatinib showed a comparable therapeutic efficacy to sorafenib for the inhibition of HCC. The drug safety evaluation revealed that both of these drugs caused hypertension and mild liver and kidney damage. Sorafenib caused diarrhea, rash, and weight loss in mice, but these effects were not observed in mice treated with apatinib. In conclusion, apatinib has similar antitumorigenic and antiangiogenic efficacy as sorafenib in HCC with less toxicity. These findings may provide preclinical evidence supporting the potential application of apatinib for the treatment of HCC patients.

Multi-objective Optimization of a Hydrogen-Battery Hybrid Storage System for Offshore Wind Farm Using MOPSO

Tian Tian,Ma Zetao,Cui Qiong,Shu Jie,Tan Lei,Wang Hao 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.6

Recently, offshore wind farms (OWFs) are gaining more and more attention for its high efficiency and yearly energy production capacity. However, the power generated by OWFs has the drawbacks of intermittence and fluctuation, leading to the deterioration of electricity grid stability and wind curtailment. Energy storage is one of the most important solutions to smooth the wind power and capture its surplus. In this paper, we provide a multi-objective optimization approach that combines multi-objective particle swarm optimization and rule-based energy management strategy for an on-gird offshore wind-hydrogen-battery system to simultaneously address the economic (Eco), the qualified rate of smoothing offshore wind power fluctuations (QRS), and the rate of offshore wind power curtailment (ROC). Results revealed that ROC and Eco, QRS and Eco are negatively correlated, but ROC and QRS are positively correlated. The hybrid storage system is more conducive to improve QRS and reduce ROC. Comparing with other three systems, the improvement range for ROC is between 13.6 and 46% when QRS is 100%. In addition, battery storage improves QRS by 2.6%, hydrogen storage deteriorates Eco by 86.8% and improve ROC by 38.5%, the change of ROC and QRS brings by transmission project are close to 100% and 4.4%.

Chemerin/CMKLR1 pathway exacerbates cisplatin-induced spiral ganglion neuron injury

Tian Jie,Mu Ying,Ma Lili 한국독성학회 2024 Toxicological Research Vol.40 No.1

This study investigated whether chemerin/chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) pathway participate in cisplatin‐induced spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) damage. Middle cochlear turn was collected from C57BL/6 mice and the SGNs were cultured. Cisplatin, 2-(anaphthoyl) ethyltrimethylammonium iodide (α-NETA), or recombinant mouse chemerin was added into the medium for the treatment. Relative mRNA and protein expression was determined by RT-PCR, ELISA and Western blot, respectively. In cultured mouse cochlear SGNs, the treatment of cisplatin enhanced the secretion of chemerin and CMKLR1. Recombinant chemerin promoted but α-NETA inhibited chemerin/CMKLR1 pathway in cisplatin stimulated SGNs. Cisplatin-induced apoptosis and inflammation response in SGNs were enhanced by recombinant chemerin while inhibited by α-NETA. Recombinant chemerin promoted but α-NETA inhibited NF-κB signal in cisplatin stimulated SGNs. In conclusion, chemerin/CMKLR1 pathway regulated apoptosis and inflammation response in cisplatin-induced SGN injury through NF-κB signaling pathway.

한중일에서의 법적 제제의 최신 동향 위험사회에서 형법의 지위 (번역문)

( Hong Jie Tian ),張元慶 아세아여성법학회 2013 아세아여성법학 Vol.16 No.-

New Issues on Legal Sanction in Korea, China and Japan Position of Criminal Law in Risk Society

( Hong Jie Tian ) 아세아여성법학회 2013 아세아여성법학 Vol.16 No.-

Risk society is not only a cognitive theory at the cultural level, but also features on its reflection significance at the political level and its reconfiguration connotation at the institutional level. Thus, any interpretation or analysis made from any single aspect for the risk society is unavoidably unilateral and single-track. The features of the risk society are increasingly prominent in modem society, which indicates the insufficiencies of the central governance capacity of the State and the failure of rigid governance mode created by laws. Therefore, facing the challenges of the risk society, no matter the adjustments on the governance structure or the society and reforms on the governance mode of the State, are continuously in pursuit of rational limitation of powers of the State, scientific configuration of multi-governance mechanism and firm defending for position of restraint of criminal law, rather than reinforcement of the power of the State and active expansion of function of criminal law.

동시 질산화-탈질(SND) 반응을 적용한 MBR 반응조에서 질소 및 인 제거 특성

전동걸(Dong Jie Tian),임현숙(Hyun Suk Lim),안찬현(Chan Hyun An),이봉규(Bong Gyu Lee),전항배(Hang Bae Jun),박찬일(Chan Il Park) 大韓環境工學會 2013 대한환경공학회지 Vol.35 No.10

동시 질산화 탈질은 미세 용존 산소하에 한 반응조내에서 일어난다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 인 방출을 위해 공기가 공급되는 MBR 전단에 혐기성 존을 만들어주었으며, 높은 DO 농도에서 탈질효율을 향상시켜 주기 위해서는 MBR 내에 배플을 설치하여 무산소 존이 이루어지게 하였다. 그리고 인 제거를 위한 테스트는 MBR 전단의 혐기성 반응조에 알럼 응집제를투입하여 수행하였다. 질소 제거를 위한 SND의 최적 DO 농도 도출은 MBR 내 DO 농도를 2.0, 1.5, 1.0, 0.75 mg/L의 다양한조건에서의 운전을 통해 수행하였다. 심지어 높은 알칼리성 하수라 알럼 응집제를 투입하였을 때 알칼리 용액 첨가 없이도 pH 는 7.0~8.0로 유지되었다. TCODcr와 NH₄+-N의 제거 효율은 모든 DO 농도에서 90% 이상이었다. DO 농도 2.0, 1.5, 1.0, 0.75mg/L에서의 TN 제거효율은 각각 50, 51, 54, 66%이었다. DO 농도 0.75 mg/L 조건에서 알럼을 첨가한 결과 TN 제거효율은 54%로 감소하였다. 혐기성 반응조에 알럼을 투입한 결과 TP 제거효율은 29%에서 95%로 향상되었다. 그리고 알럼 투입 후 분리막모듈의 화학적 세정 주기는 15~20일부터 40~50일으로 늘어났다. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) occurs concurrently in the same reactor under micro dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions. Anaerobic zone was applied for phosphorus release prior to an aerated membrane bio-reactor (MBR), and anoxic zone was installed by placing a baffle in the MBR for enhancing denitrification even in high DO concentration in the MBR. Phosphorus removal was tested by alum coagulation in the anaerobic reactor preceding to MBR. DO concentration were 2.0,1.5, 1.0, 0.75 mg/L in the MBR at different operating stages for finding optimum DO concentration in MBR for nitrogen removal by SND. pH was maintained at 7.0~8.0 without addition of alkaline solution even with alum addition due to high alkalinity in the raw sewage. Both TCODcr and NH₄+-N removal efficiency were over 90% at all DO concentration. TN removal efficiencies were 50, 51, 54, 66% at DO concentration of 2.0, 1.5, 1.0, 0.75 mg/L, respectively. At DO concentration of 0.75 mg/L with addition of alum, TN removal efficiency decreased to 54%. TP removal efficiency increased from 29% to 95% by adding alum to anaerobic reactor. The period of chemical backwashing of the membrane module increased from 15~20 days to 40~50 days after addition of alum.

마그네슘 및 칼슘 이온이 알루미늄 응집에 의한 인 제거에 미치는 영향

전동걸(Dong Jie Tian),이범(Beom Lee),이영주(Young Ju Lee),전항배(Hang Bae Jun) 大韓環境工學會 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.4

본 연구는 알루미늄 응집에 의한 인 제거 공정에 마그네슘 및 칼슘과 같은 2가의 금속이온을 첨가하였을 경우 인의 응집특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 인을 제거하기 위한 최적 알루미늄 응집 pH는 약 5~6 사이이며, 그 이상 pH에서는 TP 제거효율이 감소하였다. 마그네슘이나 칼슘과 같은 2가의 금속이온을 알루미늄 응집공정에 함께 사용할 경우 pH 6 이상에서도 TP 및 HnPO₄(n-3) 제거효율은 안정적으로 95% 이상을 유지하였다. 응집초기 Al³⁺/HnPO₄(n-3) (Al/P) 몰비가 3 이상에서 TP 제거효율이 80% 이상 높게 유지되었으며, 응집 후 잔류 TP 농도를 0.2 mg/L 이하로 제어하기 위해서는 Al/P 몰비는 약 6 이상이었다. 마그네슘이나 칼슘 이온을 알루미늄 응집공정에 함께 사용할 경우 TP 제거를 위한 최적의 알루미늄 대비 마그네슘 및 칼슘 이온의 몰비(Al³⁺/Mg2+ or CA₂+)는 모두 2이었다. 알루미늄 응집공정에 마그네슘이나 칼슘 이온을 함께 사용하면, 동일한 양의 TP를 제거하기 위한 알루미늄 응집제 주입량이 감소하였고, 결과적으로 최종 슬러지 발생량도 감소하였다. The effects of magnesium and calcium ions on phosphorus removal by aluminium coagulation were investigated with various jar tests using settled raw sewage. Maximum TP (total phosphate) removal occurred at pH around 5~6 with aluminium coagulation, and it decreased above pH 6. TP and HnPO₄(n-3) removal efficiencies, however, were kept above 95% at pH above 6 by adding the divalent metallic ions like magnesium or calcium ions on aluminium coagulation process. At molar ratio of Al/P (Al³⁺/HnPO₄(n-3)) above 3, TP removal efficiency was as high as 80%, and residual TP less than 0.2 mg/L occurred at Al/P ratio above 6. TP removal efficiency was improved by adding magnesium or calcium ions and the optimum Al³⁺/Mg2+ and Al³⁺/CA₂+ ratios were about 2. The required dose of aluminium coagulant was reduced for equivalent amount of TP removal by adding magnesium or calcium ions, as a result sludge generation was also reduced.

PKM2 Regulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition and Migration upon EGFR Activation

Fan, Fang-Tian,Shen, Cun-Si,Tao, Li,Tian, Chao,Liu, Zhao-Guo,Zhu, Zhi-Jie,Liu, Yu-Ping,Pei, Chang-Song,Wu, Hong-Yan,Zhang, Lei,Wang, Ai-Yun,Zheng, Shi-Zhong,Huang, Shi-Le,Lu, Yin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5

Pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2) was first found in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its expression has been thought to correlate with prognosis. A large number of studies have demonstrated that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial event in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and associated metastasis, resulting in enhanced malignancy of HCC. However, the roles of PKM2 in HCC EMT and metastasis remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to determine the effects of PKM2 in EGF-induced HCC EMT and elucidate the molecular mechanisms in vitro. Our results showed that EGF promoted EMT in HCC cell lines as evidenced by altered morphology, expression of EMT-associated markers, and enhanced invasion capacity. Furthermore, the present study also revealed that nuclear translocation of PKM2, which is regulated by the ERK pathway, regulated ${\beta}$-catenin-TCF/LEF-1 transcriptional activity and associated EMT in HCC cell lines. These discoveries provide evidence of novel roles of PKM2 in the progression of HCC and potential therapeutic target for advanced cases.

하수슬러지를 이용한 혐기성소화조에서 미생물 전기화학기술의 역할

전동걸 ( Dong Jie Tian ),이범 ( Beom Lee ),박준규 ( Jun Gye Park ),전항배 ( Hang Bae Jun ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2016 한국물환경학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Microbial electrochemical technology (MET) has recently been studied to improve the efficiency of a traditional anaerobic digestion (AD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of MET in the system when MET was combined with traditional AD (i.e., AD-MET). Electrodes used in the MET were Cu coated graphite electrodes. They were supplied with a voltage of 0.3 V. AD started to generate methane in 80 days. But AD-MET started to generate methane from the initial operation after the system started. It was observed that AD-MET reached steady state faster and produced higher methane yield than AD. During the steady state, the average daily methane productions in AD and AD-MET were 2.3L/d and 4.9L/d, respectively. Methane yields were 0.07-CH4/gㆍCODre in AD and 0.25L-CH4/gㆍCODre in AD-MET. In AD-MET, the production rates of total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) were 0.12 mg TVFAs/mg VSㆍd and 0.35 mg SCOD/mg VSㆍd, respectively. They were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in AD. However, the concentrations of residual TVFAs in both systems were not significantly (p > 0.05) different from each other, confirming that methane conversion in AD-MET was greater than that in AD.

UASB-ABF 공정 내 알루미늄 첨가에 따른 질소 및 인 제거 효율 평가

전동걸 ( Dong Jie Tian ),임현숙 ( Hyun Suk Lim ),변병수 ( Byeong Su Byun ),전항배 ( Hang Bae Jun ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2014 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2014 No.-