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Antibacterial efficacy of a fucoidan fraction (Fu-F2) extracted from <i>Sargassum polycystum</i>
Palanisamy, Subramanian,Vinosha, Manoharan,Rajasekar, Periyannan,Anjali, Ravichandran,Sathiyaraj, Ganesan,Marudhupandi, Thangapandi,Selvam, Samayanan,Prabhu, Narayanasamy Marimuthu,You, SangGuan Elsevier 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.125 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study therapeutic potential of fucoidan fraction-2 (Fu-F2) isolated from <I>Sargassum polycystum</I> was evaluated for the development of antibacterial agent against the human and animal pathogenic bacteria by <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> analysis. The Fu-F2 contained 51.12 ± 0.86% of total sugar and 20.41 ± 0.91% of sulfate. The structural characterization of Fu-F2 was performed by HPLC, FTIR and NMR analysis and reported in our earlier study. The <I>in vitro</I> antibacterial assays such as MIC, MBC, killing kinetics, disk diffusion, protein leakage, ROS and confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrate that Fu-F2 possesses the highest antibacterial activity against the tested pathogens. Among the tested pathogens, the highest antibacterial activity (21 ± 1.0 mm) was recorded at the concentration of 50 μg/ml against <I>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</I> and the lowest activity (16 ± 0.53 mm) was registered against <I>Staphylococcus aureus.</I> In the <I>in vivo</I> analysis, the pre-treatment group with Fu-F2 at the concentration of 15 mg/0.1 kg through feed exhibited the highest survival (83.4%) and antioxidant activities (<I>p</I> < 0.05) than the fish infected with pathogen. Thus, the present findings suggest that the Fu-F2 of <I>S. polycystum</I> encompasses significant antibacterial properties and that can be used as a therapeutic agent for controlling the bacterial disease.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The fucoidan fraction-2 (Fu-F2) was successfully isolated from <I>Sargassum polycystum</I>. </LI> <LI> The antibacterial activity of Fu-F2 was tested by various <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> assays. </LI> <LI> The Fu-F2 shows higher antibacterial activity against <I>P. aeruginosa</I> than the other bacteria. </LI> <LI> The <I>in vivo</I> studies confirmed that Fu-F2 treated zebrafish shows excellent antioxidant properties and improved the histological architecture. </LI> </UL> </P>