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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Terry L. Wade (검색결과 3 건)
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황현민,Matthew J. Fiala,Terry L. Wade,박동주 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2019 도시과학국제저널 Vol.23 No.4
Urban road dust is highly enriched with organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), petroleum hydrocarbons, and herbicides that are released primarily from vehicles and/or road management practices. Analysis of sediment cores from urban watersheds clearly demonstrates that increase of pollutant input correlates with traffic volume increase. Pollutants in urban road dust are a significant threat to the health of aquatic organisms. Contaminated urban road dust is mobilized by stormwater runoff and transported into local receiving waterbodies (e.g. streams, rivers, lakes, and estuaries). Concentrations of PAHs in sediments receiving stormwater runoff from densely populated urban areas are high enough to impair the health of aquatic organisms and frequently exceed sediment quality guidelines. To restore streams and rivers impaired by roadway runoff, concentrations of pollutants in road dust need to be reduced through implementing a combination of regulatory policies and management actions. One approach would be to phase out existing pollutant sources such instituting a ban on the use of coal tar-based asphalt road seal coat containing high levels of PAHs. Instituting the use of environment friendly natural herbicides with only spot treatment to target weeds rather than broadcast application and restoration of native vegetation, as integrated roadside vegetation management programs. Adoption of these practices would result in significantly reduced herbicide contamination of roadway stormwater runoff. An alternate option is the removal of contaminants from stormwater runoff before they are delivered to receiving waterbodies using best management practices (BMP) such as retention ponds, detention basins, and grass swales. In densely populated urban areas, however, these BMPs may not be easily adopted due to multiple constraints such as lack of spaces and high land cost. In this case, proprietary BMPs such as media filter, wet vault, and vortex separator, which are also known as manufactured treatment devices, can be considered.
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황현민,Matthew J. Fiala,박동주,Terry L. Wade 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2016 도시과학국제저널 Vol.20 No.4
Urban road dust can be highly enriched with trace metals such as copper, lead, zinc, and platinum group elements (PGEs) that are released primarily from vehicles. Concentrations of these metals are up to about 100 times higher than background levels. Lead concentrations in sediment core have declined dramatically due to phase out of leaded gasoline. Recent ban on the use of lead wheel balancing weight in Europe and in some US states will accelerate the decline of lead in the environment. Concentrations of copper, zinc, and PGEs in sediments in many urban areas have increased continuously due to increase of urban sprawl and increased numbers and travel distance of vehicle. Wear of brake pads and tyres are the primary sources of copper and zinc in urban road dust. PGEs have been released from catalytic converters since the mid-1970s. Contaminated urban road dust is picked up by stormwater runoff and delivered into local receiving waterbodies (e.g. streams, rivers, lakes, and estuaries). Concentrations of these metals in waterbodies and sediments receiving stormwater runoff from densely populated urban areas are high enough to impair the health of aquatic organisms and frequently exceed water quality criteria and sediment quality guidelines. In order to improve the quality of urban waterbodies, legal regulations are necessary to reduce release of toxic metals from vehicle use as demonstrated in the case of lead in gasoline. Recent regulations and agreement to reduce copper content in brake pads to 0.5% by 2026 in the USA should result in significant reduction of copper entering urban watersheds. A less optimal option is removal of suspended sediments from stormwater runoff before they enter receiving waterbodies using best management practices such as retention ponds, detention basins, and grass swales.
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